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All Journal Jurnal Sains dan Pendidikan Fisika Forum Geografi GEA, Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Jurnal Geografi, Edukasi dan Lingkungan Jurnal Geografi Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA JURNAL METEOROLOGI DAN GEOFISIKA Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series To Maega: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat GEOGRAPHIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Penelitian Geografi Jurnal Edukasi dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (JEPKM) Wahana Fisika : Jurnal Fisika dan Terapannya Jurnal Geografi : Media Informasi Pengembangan dan Profesi Kegeografian
Arno, Giarno
(Scopus ID: 57188976838) Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi Dan Geofisika
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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Distribution of Accuracy of TRMM Daily Rainfall in Makassar Strait Giarno, G; Hadi, Muhammad Pramono; Suprayogi, Slamet; Murti, Sigit Heru
Forum Geografi Vol 32, No 1 (2018): July 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v32i1.5774

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate rainfall estimates of satellite products in regions that have high variations of rainfall pattern. The surrounding area of Makassar Strait have chosen because of its distinctive rainfall pattern between the eastern and western parts of the Makassar Strait. For this purpose, spatial distribution of Pearson’s coefficient correlation and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is used to evaluate accuracy of rainfall in the eastern part of Kalimantan Island and the western part of Sulawesi Island. Moreover, we also used the contingency table to complete the parameter accuracy of the TRMM rainfall estimates. The results show that the performance of TRMM rainfall estimates varies depending on space and time. Overall, the coefficient correlation between TRMM and rain observed from no correlation was -0.06 and 0.78 from strong correlation. The best correlation is on the eastern coast of South West Sulawesi located in line with the Java Sea. While, no variation in the correlation was related to flatland such as Kalimantan Island. On the other hand, in the mountain region, the correlation of TRMM rainfall estimates and observed rainfall tend to decrease. The RMSE distribution in this region depends on the accumulation of daily rainfall. RMSE tends to be high where there are higher fluctuations of fluctuating rainfall in a location. From contingency indicators, we found that the TRMM rainfall estimates were overestimate. Generally, the absence of rainfall during the dry season contributes to improving TRMM rainfall estimates by raising accuracy (ACC) in the contingency table.
SKENARIO UNCERTAINTY JUMLAH PENAKAR CURAH HUJAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR Arno, Giarno; Muflihah, Muflihah; Mujahidin, Mujahidin
Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Gea Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesia University of Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/gea.v20i2.24051

Abstract

Ketersediaan data curah hujan yang akurat sangat penting dalam berbagai bidang. Kebutuhan akan penakar curah hujan akan makin meningkat terutama jika terjadi peningkatan curah hujan akibat hujan ekstrim, seperti banjir yang terjadi di Kota Makassar tahun 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat skenario jumlah penakar hujan yang optimal di Kota Makassar. Penentuan jumlah rain gauge yang optimal menggunakan coefficient of variation dan derajat kesalahan berdasarkan data curah hujan pada stasiun yang tersedia. Hasil skenario beberapa tingkat kesalahan menunjukkan adanya perubahan jumlah optimal rain gauge terhadap skenario kesalahan. Semakin akurat data yang diinginkan, maka jumlah rain gauge harus bertambah banyak, durasi akumilasi yang lama memerlukan jumlah optimal rain gauge yang lebih banyak. Diperlukan 10 lokasi stasiun hujan untuk Kota Makassar dengan derajat kesalahan 5% dan 5 lokasi rain gauge untuk tingkat kesalahan 10%. Berdasarkan kombinasi antar rain gauge, disaratkan penambahan rain gauge antara Balai IV atau Biring Romang dengan Sudiang, demikian juga tambahan juga diperlukan antara Paotere dan Barombong
Suitable Proportion Sample of Holdout Validation for Spatial Rainfall Interpolation in Surrounding the Makassar Strait Giarno Giarno; Muhammad Pramono Hadi; Slamet Suprayogi; Sigit Heru Murti
Forum Geografi Vol 33, No 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v33i2.8351

Abstract

Spatial rainfall interpolation requires a number of suitable validation samples to maintain accuracy. Generally, the larger the areas which can be predicted, the better the interpolation. In addition, the data used for validation should be separated from the modelling data. Moreover, the number of samples determine optimally proportion the independent sites. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal sample ratio for holdout validation in interpolation methods; the Makassar Strait was chosen as the study location because of its daily rainfall variation. The accuracy of the sample selection is tested using correlation, root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and the indicators of contingency tables. The results show that accuracy depends on the ratio of the modelling data. Therefore, the more extensive the data used for interpolation, the better the accuracy. Otherwise, if the rain gauge data is separated according to province, there will be a variation in accuracy in the portion of independent samples. For rainfall interpolation, it is recommended to use a minimum 75% of data sites to maintain accuracy. Comparison between kriging and inverse distance weighting or IDW methods indicates that IDW is better. Moreover, rainfall characteristics affect the accuracy and portion of the independent sample.
Verification of Weather Predictions Using Voluntary Weather Observations Via WhatsApp and Google Forms During the Dry Season 2021 Giarno Giarno; Munawar Munawar; Ervan Ferdiansyah; Fendy Arifianto; Asri Pratiwi; Silvia Yulianti
Forum Geografi Vol 36, No 1 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v36i1.16333

Abstract

The weather data that can be obtained through government institutions is very limited, whereas in order to increase the accuracy of weather predictions a homogeneous and dense distribution of data is needed. Therfore it is necessary to increase the data and the purpose of this research is to create a simple and effective way to encourage the number of weather observations in Indonesia through the STMKG Weather Care program. Forms that are made as easy as for respondents to understand, simple, and don't take the time. Developed using Google Form and distributed via the most popular social media today, namely WhatsApp. The test results showed that social media has the potential to be used to support voluntary weather data. The form made is sufficient so that the respondents make relatively few mistakes in terms of the main content of the form. Moreover, the mistakes that are often made by respondents include filling in ID, and typing sub-districts that require manual correction. Based on the results of voluntary observations spread in almost all provinces of Indonesia with the most incoming data coming from the provinces of Central Java and East Java. Based on the evaluation results of 4 months of testing, weather variations and their predictions can be identified with an accurate distribution, with an average accuracy of 0.79. Differences in methods used in verification may affect accuracy.
Determination of Optimal Rain Gauge on The Coastal Region Use Coefficient Variation: Case Study in Makassar Giarno Arno; Muflihah Muflihah; Mujahidin Mujahidin
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 7 No. 2 (May 2021)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.58378

Abstract

The quality of rainfall data is highly significant in disaster analysis, ecology, and water resource management. However, the accuracy and quantity of rain gauges are often inadequate, especially for analyzing extreme events, including the Makassar City flood, in 2019. This inadequacy is due to several reasons, including rain gauges’ inadequacy and insufficient distribution. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the requirements of optimal rain gauges, using coefficients of variation in various error levels, based on the latest rainfall data in several locations within Makassar City. Monthly and yearly rainfall observation data from 2010 to 2019 obtained at 5 locations were used to calculating the optimal rain gauge number. According to the results, the existing station has a 10% and 15% monthly and annual error, respectively. This region has 3 groups causing highly optimal rain gauges, and these are the first group comprising Paotere, Panaikang, as well as Biring Romang, while the second and third groups comprise Sudiang and Barombong. The northwest wind blows towards the coast and crosses these three places in a line, thus, causing rainfall intensity with a slight disparity, between the first group. Furthermore, the combination of these places resulted in low optimal rain gauge. However, the combination of the first group with the second and third lead to an increase in the optimal rain gauge number. The low elevation, proximity, and location of the first group’s three locations in line with the rain-causing wind results in low optimal rain gauge. In the combination of the first, second, and third groups, additional gauges are required to obtain a 5% or 10% error. The rainfall intensity and position greatly influence the rain catchment in Makassar, and consequently, the optimal rain gauge number. In addition, the distance, topographical aspects, and the combined land-sea and monsoonal winds’ factors must also be analyzed, in deploying equipment.
KAJIAN AWAL MUSIM HUJAN DAN AWAL MUSIM KEMARAU DI INDONESIA Giarno Giarno; Zadrach Ledoufij Dupe; Musa Ali Mustofa
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol 13, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.991 KB) | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v13i1.113

Abstract

Kriteria Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) dalam menentukan awal musim hujan dan awal musim kemarau memerlukan waktu sebulan untuk memastikan masuknya musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Kadang didapatkan tahun tanpa awal musim hujan atau mundur hingga tahun berikutnya. Misalnya, tahun 2003, akumulasi hujan bulan Desember di Kupang 722 mm namun  bulan  tersebut  bukan  awal  musim  hujan.  Kriteria  ini  diperbaiki  dengan menggabungkan kesimpulan penelitian peneliti terdahulu yang menyimpulkan adanya hubungan kuat hujan 50 mm/dasarian dan angin baratan, dengan batas  evapotranspirasi potensial. Dengan menggunakan modifikasi hydrological onset and withdrawal index (HOWI) menunjukkan perambatan awal musim hujan dimulai dari utara menuju ke selatan dan secara zonal dari barat ke timur. Sedangkan awal musim kemaraunya dimulai dari selatan menuju utara dan secara zonal dari timur ke barat. Perbaikan metode untuk mempercepat penentuan awal musim hujan/kemarau dilakukan dengan menggabungkan data observasi hujan dan HOWI. Hasil uji di Makassar dan Kupang menunjukkan metode ini 18-20 hari lebih cepat untuk mendapatkan kepastian awal musim hujan/kemarau. Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) criteria of onset and withdrawal need a month to ensure rainy season and dry season. Sometimes obtained year without onset or retreat to next year. Example, in 2003, rain accumulation in Kupang at Desember was 722 mm but this month was not onset. This criteria improved by combining the conclusions of previous researchers that conclude, there was a close relationship between rainfall accumulation 50 mm/decad and westerlies, with limit of potential evapotranspiration. Modified by hydrological onset and withdrawal index (HOWI) showed that onset propagated from north to south and from west to east. While the early of dry season propagated from south to north and from east to west. Improved method to accelerate certainty onset/withdrawal by combining rain observation data and HOWI. The results in Makassar and Kupang showed 18-20 days earlier to get the certainty of onset/withdrawal. 
Optimalisasi Edukasi Informasi Geohidrometeorologi Untuk Masyarakat Perkotaan (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Jurang Mangu Timur, Kecamatan Pondok Aren, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten) Giarno Giarno; Agung Hari Saputra; Agustina Rachmawardani
To Maega : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 5, No 3 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Universitas Andi Djemma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35914/tomaega.v5i3.1294

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan daerah rawan terhadap bencana hidrometeorologi, gempa bumi dan tsunami. Sebagai bagian dari Wilayah Indonesia, Kelurahan Jurang Mangu Timur, Kecamatan Pondok Aren, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Propinsi Banten merupakan tempat yang rawan banjir, terutama dengan perkembangan pemukiman yang sangat pesat sehingga merubah penggunaan lahan. Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) sebagai lembaga yang berupaya menyediakan informasi peringatan dini sebelum kejadian bencana geo-hidrometeorologi. Namun demikian masih terdapat gab antara informasi yang disediakan, dengan akses dan pemahaman yang ada di masyarakat. Berdasarkan missing link tersebut, maka perlu adanya suatu upaya untuk memberikan pemahaman lebih baik lagi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan optimalisasi informasi peringatan dini ini terutama di daerah perkotaan. Untuk menggali pemahaman masyarakat dilakukan melalui edukasi secara offline maupun online mengikuti perkembangan masyarakat perkotaaan yang terbiasa menggunakan sarana tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil survey menunjukkan pengetahuan masyarakat akan lembaga yang menangani bencana masih sangat kurang, dimana BMKG dan Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (STMKG) berturut-turut 49% dan 39%. Ketidaktahuan akan kedua lembaga ini sebanding dengan disinformasi terhadap istilah-istilah geohidrometeorologi terlihat dari jawaban responden pada pertanyaan-pertanyaan kejadian tornado, tsunami, gelombang panas, perubahan iklim, fenomena cuaca dingin, cuaca panas,  dan hubungan virus covid dengan cuaca panas yang dipahami kurang tepat.
State of the Art of Remote Sensing in Flood Early Warning System: Review Article Agustina Rachmawardani; Giarno Giarno; Hapsoro A. Nugroho; Suharni Suharni; Dedi Sucahyono; Hariyanto Hariyanto; Sastra K. Wijaya
Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series Vol 5, No 4 (2022): Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (827.046 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/shes.v5i4.68977

Abstract

Sebagai negara tropis, Indonesia khususnya Jakarta sebagai ibukota negara mempunyai resiko terjadinya banjir yang cukup tinggi. Dampak banjir akan berpengaruh pada seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia. Selama kejadian banjir, laporan situasi yang tepatwaktu dan terperinci diperlukan oleh otoritas manajemen bencana untuk menemukan dan mengidentifikasi daerah yang terkena dampak  untuk menerapkan mitigasi kerusakan. Peringatan dini  banjir konvensional memanfaatkan data-data pengamatan ground station seperti data curah hujan, ketinggian aliran sungai maupun data debit sungai. Tidak semua wilayah yang terdampak banjir dicover oleh jaringan sensor ground station. Penginderaan jauh menyediakan data yang tepat dan berbiaya rendah dibanding dengan pengamatan lapangan, selain itu sistem penginderaan jauh juga dapat melakukan deteksi banjir lebih tepat dan mendekati real time. Sistem penginderaan jauh pada satelit dapat memberikan banyak informasi yang diperlukan untuk menggambarkan daerah yang terkena dampak banjir, menilai kerusakan, dan input yang tepat pada pemodelan banjir sehingga dapat memprediksi kerentanan banjir di daerah yang terkena dampak banjir.
IDENTIFIKASI POLA DAN NILAI INDEKS KEKERINGAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI MENGGUNAKAN KEETCH-BYRAM DROUGHT INDEX (KBDI) Hilmy Muhammad Rosyid; Fendy Arifianto; Giarno Giarno
JURNAL GEOGRAFI Vol 11 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/geografi/vol11-iss2/2980

Abstract

Drought is one of the most common disasters in areas with tropical climates and has proven to have a detrimental impact on humans and plants. Drought can cause forest and land fires in many areas of Indonesia, especially in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Therefore, further research is needed on drought patterns, especially in Jambi Province. This study learns more about the pattern and trend of drought based on meteorological parameters in Jambi Province using the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI). The data used are weather parameter data, namely rainfall and daily maximum temperature at the two observation points of the Depati Parbo Meteorological Station and Muaro Jambi Climatology Station. The drought index is identical to the rainfall and temperature factors. The KBDI value is able to describe the number of hotspot events in the study area well with a correlation reaching 84%. The results of the calculation of the KBDI value show that throughout the 20-year period, the Jambi Province has a low risk of forest and land fires, except at the end of 2015 which had a moderate risk. This study is expected to provide information related to drought patterns based on the KBDI in Jambi Province.
Edukasi Petani Dalam Memanfaatkan Informasi dan Prakiraan Iklim/Musim Melalui Sekolah Lapang Iklim di Tegalsari, Kedu, Temanggung Zauyik Nana Ruslana; Umaroh; Giarno Giarno
Jurnal Edukasi dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : Yayasan Insan Literasi Cendekia (INLIC) Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (733.046 KB)

Abstract

Potensi pertanian yang besar di Karesidenan Kedu terkendala oleh kesadaran dan pemahaman unsur cuaca iklim yang kurang tepat. Salah satu metode untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan petani adalah Sekolah Lapang Iklim (SLI). Kegiatan SLI tahap 3 (SLI 3) merupakan eduksi secara langsung untuk meningkatkan kemampuan petani dalam merencanakan kegiatan usaha tani dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan tentang cauca dan iklim. Hasil kegiatan SLI 3 ini terlihat dari hasil pre-Test dan post-test dimana nilai rata-rata pemahaman materi SLI pre test 56.8% benar dibandingkan 81.2% setelah kegiatan atau post test. Selain itu petani langsung menerapkan pengetahuan cara menghitung hasil panen padi. Diperoleh panen padi terendah sebesar 6.2 Ton/Ha dan tertinggi sebesar 7.8 Ton/Ha dengan rata-rata produktivitas adalah 6.8 Ton/Ha. Mengingat di masa tanam ini terjadi serangan hama lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan waktu tanam Tahun 2018, hasil produktivitas pada Sekolah Lapang Iklim BMKG masih lebih tinggi dari rata-rata Kabupaten sebesar 6.2 Ton/Ha dengan kenaikan produksi 9.7%.
Co-Authors Achmad Fahruddin Rais Agung Hari Saputra Agustina Rachmawardani Agustina Rachmawardani Agustina Rachmawardani Agustina Rachmawardani Ahmad Fadlan Ahmad Fadlan Alfi Dimas Pangedoan Aqasha Raechan Anam Aries Kristianto Asifin, Hasyid Agha Zuhairul Aslama Afghani, Fadhli Asri Pratiwi Asri Pratiwi Azan Kanezar MS Azan kenzer Bagus Prabadi Wibowo Bella Puspita dewi Christian Halawa, Jordana Dedi Sucahyono Dedi Sucahyono Dedi Sucahyono Didiharyono, D. Djoko Prabowo Duo Rahman Abdilah Dwiki Anugerah Atmojo Ervan Ferdiansyah Farhan Nul Hakim Fendy Arifianto Fendy Arifianto Fikri Asfahanif Filbert Pascalis Almer Mahendra Hafidz Syarifuddin Hana Amalina Hanifullah Hafidz Arrizal Hapsoro Agung Nugroho Hariyanto Hasibuan, Muhammad Ansori Hilmy Muhammad Rosyid Huda Wahyujati Ilham Abdullah Sidiq Ilil Firrizqi Nur Ilahi Imawan Mashuri Imawan Mashuri Imma Redha Nugraheni Khaerul Majdi Ash-shiddiqy M. Fatnan Hikami Marzuki Sinambela muflihah muflihah Muflihah Muflihah Muhammad Ansori Hasibuan Muhammad Devanio Afreza Muhammad Devanio Afreza Muhammad Pramono Hadi Muhammad Pramono Hadi Muhammad Pramono Hadi, Muhammad Pramono Mujahidin Mujahidin Mujahidin Mujahidin Munawar Munawar Munawar Munawar Musa Ali Mustofa Muzakkie, Muhammad Labieb Nurtiti Sunusi Puji Ariyanto Qosinatus Sa'diyah Ravaella Lumbantobing, Glory Salsabila Nurul Izzah Santosa, Sigit Herumurti Budi Sastra K. Wijaya Sayful Amri Sayful Amri Sa’diyah, Qosinatus Shidiq, Ilham Abdullah Sigit Heru Murti Silvia Yulianti Slamet Suprayogi Slamet Suprayogi Slamet Suprayogi Suharni Suharni Suko Prayitno Adi Sulistyowati Umaroh Veyqah Dwi Muthi'ah Yehezkiel Sidauruk, Vasco Yosafat Donni Haryanto Yosafat Donny Haryanto Yusuf Isa Nur Muhammad Zadrach Ledoufij Dupe Zauyik Nana Ruslana