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The Relation between Nutritional Status and Acne in Female Teenagers Ages 15-17 years old in Surakarta Egtheastraqita Chithivema; . Widardo; Slamet Riyadi
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Acne is one of the most common skin problems especially on teenagers. Acne is resulted from chronic inflammation on sebaceous gland. Acne can be caused by some factors, one of them is the increase of sebaceous gland production which can be caused by over nutrition / obesity. This research aims to see the relation between nutritional status and acne on female teenagers age 15 17 years old in Surakarta. Methods: This is an observational analytic research with cross sectional approach. The research was done in 5 high schools in Surakarta, which are SMA Negeri 1, SMA Negeri 7, SMA Muhammadiyah 3, SMA Batik 1, and SMA Islam Diponegoro. Sample used are 15 17 years old female student, not on menstruation / 1 week before menstruation period, have not use cosmetics for the past 1 week, not on acne treatment, and not on antibiotic or steroid. The sampling method used was purposive random sampling after inclusive and exclusive selection based on research criteria. Dependent variable is acne, and independent variable is nutritional status. Research subject completed (1) informed consent, (2) acne questionnaire, (3) bio data and food recall questionnaire, (4) height and weight measurement. As much as 196 data were collected and analyzed using Chi-Squared followed by Odds Ratio (OR) finding. Result: Result shown p = 0,001 (p < 0,05) from data analysis with significance number ? = 0,05 and OR value = 6,923. Conclusion: Statistically, there is a significant relation between nutrition status and acne on female teenagers age 15 17 years old in Surakarta. Keywords: acne, nutritional status

Perbandingan Stres yang Dirasakan Pasien Asma dan Pasien PPOK di RSUD Dr.Moewardi Amelia Yunita; Ana Rima Setijadi; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways with episodic symptom such as cough, shortness of breath, wheeze, and uplifted chest. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease which is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully revesible and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. This study aimed to compared the perceived stress between asthma patients and COPD patients. This analytic study was observational using cross-sectional approach. A sample of 60 study subjects was selective by purposive sampling from outpatient who visited Pulmonary Clinic, RSUD Dr. Moewardi and fulfill the intrinsic criteria. The data was collected by interview using a set of questioner. The data was analyzed using Chi Square test on SPSS 20 for windows. This study showed that asthma patients had a low stress level, which is 60%. While, in COPD patients had high stress level, which is 63.33%. (p=0.002, OR= 7.5) There is a statistically significant difference perceived stress between asthma patients and COPD patients. COPD patients had higher stress level compared to asthma patients.

Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Penyakit Alergi pada Anak Annisa Wardhani; Ganung Harsono; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Allergy defined as hipersensitivity reaction started by immunological mechanism through exposure of allergen to atopic individues. Atopy is genetical tendencies to produce IgE that has been exposed to allergen. Allergic disease that commonly found in children are atopic eczema, asthma bronchial and allergic rhinitis. Whereas food allergy and cows milk allergy are the first allergic disease that could occur for the first time in children. For the past few years, the incidence of allergic disease is increased rapidly, on domestic and global scale. As the result, the prevention of this disease become very important. There are many methods has been done, such as exclusive breatfeeding, avoidance of risk factor and tobacco smoke exposure, and probiotic administration, but the result is remain controversial. This study aims to find out the correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and occurence of allergic disease in children. Methods: This is an analytical survey study using case control approach which was conducted on May-July 2013 in Dr. Moewardi Hospital. The sample was taken using purposive sampling and used rule of thumb to take the amount of sample. Occurence of allergic disease is classified as independent variable and exclusive breastfeeding is classified as dependent variable. The children parents that agree to be taken as a sample signed informed consent and filled the questionnaire. The data about diagnosis was required from medical record. 70 samples of research were obtained and analyzed by using Chi Square test followed by the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Bivariat analysis using Chi Square test showed significant correlation between exclusive breastfeeding with the occurence of allergic disease in children with p<0.05. Exclusive breastfeeding Crude OR was 0.351. By using multivariate logistic regression analysis were obtained adjusted OR = 0.214, p = 0.016 (p<0.05), and 95% CI = 0.061-0.751 for independent variable exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between exclusive breastfeeding with the occurence of allergic disease in children (p = 0.016). The OR = 0.214 showed that exclusive breastfeeding is a protective factor against allergic disease in children. Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Allergic Disease, Atopy

The Difference of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) between Myopic Eyes and Emmetropic Eyes in Medical Students of Sebelas Maret University Putri Nur Kumalasari; Raharjo Kuntoyo; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor of glaucoma. Prevalence of glaucoma increases in myopic eyes than in emmetropic eyes. There was a hypothesis that the relationship between glaucoma and myopia might be mediated by intraocular pressure. This study aims to investigate the difference of intraocular pressure (IOP) between myopic eyes and emmetropic eyes in medical students of Sebelas Maret University. Methods: This study applied analytical observational method with cross sectional approach. Subject of the research was medical students of Sebelas Maret University batch of 2012. Samples were selected by a screening with inclusion and exclusion criterias and then randomized by simple random sampling technique. The total samples were 76 students. Afterwards, samples were interviewed about last refraction examination history and examined for refraction status through visus examination using snellen optotype so that samples were divided to myopic eyes group and emmetropic eyes group. Then, IOP was evaluated using Non Contact Tonometer (NCT). The data was analyzed with independent t-test which was processed by Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 20.0 programme for Windows. Results: The mean of IOP in myopic eyes was 17.02 2.69 mmHg in right eyes (OD) and 16.80 2.84 mmHg in left eyes (OS). The mean of IOP in emmetropic eyes was 15.88 2.44 mmHg (OD) and 15,32 2,34 mmHg (OS). The comparative analysis of IOP between myopia and emmetropia showed the value of p = 0.065 (OD) and p = 0.076 (OS). Conclusions: There is no significant difference of IOP between myopic eyes and emmetropic eyes in medical students of Sebelas Maret University. Keywords: Emmetropia, Intraocular Pressure, Medical Student, Myopia.

Perbedaan Prevalensi Obesitas antara Etnis Jawa, Tionghoa, dan Arab pada Anak Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Surakarta Zenia Purnama Murti; Annang Giri Moelyo; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background:Obesitycauses many health problems in childhoodsuch ascardiovasculardisease, diabetes, musculoskeletaldisorders, cancersthat causemorbidity and mortalityin adulthood. Ethnicity is a risk factor for obesity. Ethnicity affect eating habits, genetic, amount of energy expenditure, fat distribution and tendency of obese in a child. The aim of this study was to analyze prevalence of obesity in Junior High School Children in Surakarta based on ethnic differences (Javanese, Chinese, and Arabian). Methods:This was a cross-sectional analytic study to 395 students of 8th grade in SMP Negeri 4 Surakarta, SMP Bintang Laut Surakarta, and SMP Diponegoro Surakarta (junior high school) that consist of Javanese, Chinese, and Arabian. Samples were collected by purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteriaswere students of 8thgrade,parentshave thesameethnicity, and signed an informed consent. Exclusion criterias werechildrenwithedema, have achronicillness, taking medicationlong-termandconditions ofhandicapped.The questionnaire was used to know the ethnic of the child. Body mass index was used to define obesity status with Z-score >+2 SD based on World Health Organization in 2007 growth chart. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square test. Results:This research shows 246 (63%) subjects were Javanese, 79 (20%) subjects were Chinese, and 70 (17%) subjects were Arabian. Twenty seven subjects (6.84%) were obese and threehundred andsixty-eight subjects (93.16%) were not obese. Obese prevalence was 4.5 % among Javanese, 8.9 % among Chinese, and 12.9 % among Arabian.It shows a significant differences in the prevalence of obesity among the three ethnics (p=0,036; p < 0.05). Conclusions:There are significant differences in the prevalence of obesity among Javanese, Chinese, and Arabian Ethnic in junior high school children in Surakarta. Keywords:ethnicity, obesity, children

Poor Sleep Quality Increases Prevalence of Primary Dysmenorrhea on Medical Students Melinda Didi Yudhanti; . Balgis; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Backgrounds: Most of Medical Students have a poor sleep quality due to their academic tasks during their study. This poor sleep quality has a role in the pathogenesis of pain, including primary dysmenorrhea. This study aims to know the relationship between sleep quality and the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea on Medical Students of Sebelas Maret University. Methods: This study was an analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach. Subjects were selected by purposive sampling and obtained 88 Medical Students of Sebelas Maret University as a sample. Each respondent filled in: (1) Informed consent and biodata form; (2) Questionnaire about dysmenorrhea and its degree; (3) Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ); and (4) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The collected data were analyzed using the Fishers Exact Test and then processed with prevalence ratio calculation to determine the relationship between sleep quality and prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea. To know the relationship between sleep quality and the degree of primary dysmenorrhea, the data were then analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results: Among the 88 students, 76% had poor sleep quality, 77 % had primary dysmenorrhea with 52.3 % mild, 23.9 % moderate, and 1.1 % severe degree. Using Fishers Exact Test, the study found a significant relationship between sleep quality and prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea with (p) = 0.001. Based on the calculation, the prevalence ratio was 2.35 with Confidence of Interval 1.35 4.08. Using Kolmogorov Smirnov Test, there was significant relationship between sleep quality and the degree of primary dysmenorrhea, with the value of (p) = 0.001. Conclusions: Statistically, there is a significant relationship between sleep quality and primary dysmenorrhea problem including its prevalence and degree in the medical Students of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. Students with poor sleep quality had a risk of 2.35 times more to had primary dysmenorrhea than the ones with good sleep quality. Keywords: primary dysmenorrhea, sleep quality, medical student

The Difference of Increment of Length and Weight Gain Between Infants Aged 2-6 Months Who Received Exclusive Breastfeeding and Those Who Received Non Exclusive Breastfeeding in Regional Primary Health Center in Pajang Evi Kusumawati; . Widardo; Arsita Eka Prasetyawati
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Breastfeeding patterns can affect the growth of infant. Exclusive breastfeeding can provide enough nutritions for infant growth until the age of 6 months. The purpose of the research was to know the difference of increment of length and weight gain between infants aged 2-6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding and those who received non exclusive breastfeeding in regional primary health center in Pajang. Methods: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional approach, using simple random sampling technique. The number of the samples was 60 infants aged 2-6 months from some Posyandu (integrated health service units) in the neighborhood of regional Primary Health Center in Pajang in May-July 2014. Increment of length and weight gain data obtained by measuring the difference between current length and weight and those at birth then divided by infants age. Breastfeeding pattern was derived from the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical test Mann Whitney and Independent t-test. Results: The test result for increment of length among infant aged 2-6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding and those who received non exclusive breastfeeding using a statistical test Mann Whitney showed the value of p=0,025. The test result for increment of weight gain among infant aged 2-6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding and non exclusive breastfeeding using Independent t-test showed the value of p=0,002. Conclusions: There is significant difference of increment of length between infants aged 2-6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding and those who received non exclusive breastfeeding in Regional Primary Health Center in Pajang and there is significant difference of increment of weight gain between infants aged 2-6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding and those who received non exclusive breastfeeding in Regional Primary Health Center in Pajang. Keywords: Increment of infant length, Infant weight gain, Exclusive breastfeeding, Non exclusive breastfeeding

Hubungan antara Faktor Risiko Perdarahan dengan Kejadian Perdarahan Postpartum di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Tahun 2012 Larissa Amanda; Rustam Sunaryo; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is relatively high compared to the other Asian countries. Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the major cause of maternal mortality. The increase in risk factors for hemorrhage in pregnancy and labor is known to contribute to the increase in cases of postpartum hemorrhage. The objective of this research was to know the correlation between risk factors for hemorrhage and occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta in 2012. Methods: This research used descriptive analytical study by the case control approach. Case group was patients with postpartum hemorrhage in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta in 2012. Sample of the case group was taken by purposive sampling. Control group was postpartum patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta in 2012 who didnt experience of postpartum hemorrhage. Sample of the control group was randomly selected by simple random sampling from 45 patients who had spontaneus labor and 45 patients who had sectio caesarean which met the criteria of purposive sampling. This research was conducted by collecting data from 55 medical records of patients in case and control groups. The collected data were analyzed with Chi Square and logistic regression formulas. Results: The result of statistical analysis revealed significant diferrences between case and control groups for methods of labour with p values = 0,001 and r = 0,405. The results of statistical analysis for age, parity, anemia, birthweight and severe preeclampsia revealed no significant differences between case and control groups with each p values = 0,566, 0,423, 0,401 and 0,161. There were no eclampsia and polihidramnios patient in case and control groups. Conclusions: The results of this research revealed that there were a correlation between spontaneous labor with episiotomy, elective caesarean section, emergency caesarean section, assisted vaginal delivery with episiotomy and occurence of postpartum hemorrhage in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in 2012. Keywords: postpartum hemorrhage, risk factors for hemorrhage.

Hubungan antara Penggunaan Obat Nyamuk dengan Tingkat Kontrol Asma Astari Rindu Astuti; Jatu Aphridasari; . Widardo
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways with episodic symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, and uplifted chest. Mosquito repellent consists of chemical synthetic chemical materials that can prevent mosquitos bite towards. This study is to find out if there is or not any correlation between mosquito repellent usage and rate of asthma control. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study using cross sectional approach conducted on May to July 2013. Sixty samples were taken by using purposive sampling from outpatients who visited Pulmonary Clinics of Local Public Hospital Dr. Moewardi and fulfilled the inclusive criteria. The data was collected via interview by using a set of questionnaire. The data was then analyzed using Chi-Square test on Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 20.00 for Windows. Results: There is no significant correlation between mosquito repellent usage and rate of asthma control. From the Chi-Square test result, it was obtained that the significance value is p = 0,817. Conclusions: Based on this research, it can be concluded that there is no correlation between mosquito repellent usage and rate of asthma control. Keywords: mosquito repellent, rate of asthma control

Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Curcumin Pada Kultur Sel Limfosit T Penderita Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Hanif Mustikasari; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari; . Widardo
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in multiorgan, in which its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. Curcumin has been found to have a selective cytotoxic effects on various types of cancer cells through induction of apoptosis on the various pathways. This study aimed to demonstrate whether curcumin extract had cytotoxic effects on T lymphocytes autoreactivity of patients with SLE. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory with post test only controlled group design. Samples were using cell cultures of T lymphocytes from the veins blood of a patient with SLE and normal people. Each of T lymphocytes cell culture consisted of media control (KM), cells control (KS), the positive control with cyclophosphamide (KP1), and a group treated with curcumin extract (KP2). Curcumin extracts and cyclophosphamide were divided into 8 serial doses (50 g/mL, 25 g/mL, 12.5 g/mL, 6.25 g/mL, 3.125 g/mL, 1.5625 g/mL, 0.78125 g/mL, 0.390625 g/mL). Cell inhibition was calculated based on a percentage (%) of cell viability. Then, the data was analyzed using probit analysis to determine the dose of IC50 with SPSS for Window Release 17.0. Results: The result of cell inhibition probit analysis (IC50) on T lymphocytes cell culture of patients with SLE using curcumin extract was active (score 3) and T lymphocytes cell culture of patients with SLE using cyclophosphamide was moderately active (score 2).While, T lymphocytes cell culture of normal people using curcumin extract was active (score 3) and T lymphocytes cell culture of normal people using cyclophosphamide was moderately active (score 2). Conclusions: Curcumin extract had cytotoxic effect on T lymphocytes cell culture of SLE. The cytotoxic effect of curcumin extract on T lymphocytes cell culture of patients with SLE was stronger than cyclophosphamide. Keywords: curcumin extract, cytotoxic, SLE

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