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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Jurnal Teknologi Reaktor Nuklir Tri Dasa Mega Buletin Keslingmas The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Jurnal Dunia Kesmas PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Jurnal Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan (Indonesian Journal of Road Safety) Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, dan Akuntansi) Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (The Public Health Science Journal) Jurnal Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal) National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety
Zulkifli Djunaidi
Departemen Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja,Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Health risk assessment at hydro cracker complex oil and gas company Zulkifli Djunaidi
Majalah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2: October 2023
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/makein.2023171

Abstract

The hydro cracker complex (HCC) operating area is one of the areas with the most use of chemicals, and several workers complain about the noise in that area. This research determines the level of health hazard risk through a health risk assessment (HRA) focusing on physical, chemical, and biological hazards in the HCC area aims to improve the health status of workers and as a basis for developing occupational health programs to minimize the risk of occupational diseases. This study used primary data (walkthrough survey, interviews, heat stress measurements, noise, lighting, chemicals, fungi, and bacteria) with a cross-sectional method referring to the International Council on Mining & Metals (ICMM). The dangers of gasses and chemicals are the most common hazard in the HCC area. Based on the risk assessment, five hazard ratings with the highest risk were obtained, namely noisy environment (extreme), H2S gas (extreme), heat stress (extreme), NH3 gas (high risk), and hydrocarbon vapors (high risk). Existing controls and control recommendations must be applied comprehensively and consistently so that the company can accept the resulting residual risk value. Abstrak: Area operasi hydro cracker complex (HCC) merupakan salah satu area yang paling banyak menggunakan bahan kimia, dan beberapa pekerja mengeluhkan kebisingan di area tersebut. Penelitian ini menentukan tingkat risiko bahaya kesehatan melalui health risk assesment (HRA) yang berfokus pada bahaya fisik, kimia, dan biologi di area HCC yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan pekerja dan sebagai dasar untuk mengembangkan program kesehatan kerja untuk meminimalkan risiko penyakit akibat kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer (walkthrough survey, wawancara, pengukuran tekanan panas, kebisingan, pencahayaan, bahan kimia, jamur, dan bakteri) dengan metode cross-sectional mengacu pada International Council on Mining & Metals (ICMM). Gas dan bahan kimia merupakan bahaya yang paling umum terjadi di kawasan HCC. Berdasarkan penilaian risiko diperoleh lima peringkat bahaya dengan risiko tertinggi, yaitu lingkungan bising (ekstrim), gas H2S (ekstrim), tekanan panas (ekstrim), gas NH3 (risiko tinggi), dan uap hidrokarbon (risiko tinggi). Pengendalian yang ada dan rekomendasi pengendalian harus diterapkan secara komprehensif dan konsisten agar perusahaan dapat menerima nilai residual risk yang dihasilkan.
Analysis of risk factors and prevention strategy in accidents among coal hauling trucks: a scoping review Adenan, Adenan; Djunaidi, Zulkifli
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24795

Abstract

Powered hauling equipment is one of the most critical operational elements in the mining sector. Haulage is a significant hazard for the mining industry, accounting for over half of all mining-related fatal accidents yearly. Identifying safety risk variables is the foundation of risk assessment and accident prevention. This study aimed to identify risk variables and prevention techniques to reduce occurrences among truck drivers in coal mining. This research approach is a scoping review with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Thirty-five articles were reviewed based on the results of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using content analysis. The results show that human, environmental, machine and organizational factors contribute to the risk among truck drivers in coal mining. Safety culture, staffing and scheduling, training and education, policy and procedure implementation, and technology deployment are all part of the accident prevention plan. The central government should pay particular attention to the employment conditions of workers in cities with decreased resources and develop policies to prevent mining-related diseases in local communities.
HAZOP-Based Radiological Risk Assessment of Pebble Bed Fuel Handling Systems Kurniawan, Rusbani; Ekaranti, Egnes; Rachman, Agus Nur; Nugraha, Eka Djatnika; Ngarayana, I Wayan; Djunaidi, Zulkifli
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA Vol 26, No 1 (2024): February 2024
Publisher : Pusat Teknologi Dan Keselamatan Reaktor Nuklir (PTKRN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/tdm.2024.7016

Abstract

The High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR), a promising candidate for Generation IV nuclear reactors, boasts superior inherent passive safety features and a continuous fuel handling system. This system employs multi-pass cycles, utilizing pneumatic and gravitational mechanisms to feed, circulate, and unload the pebble bed fuel element. This paper presents a descriptive analysis assessing the safety risk of the fuel handling system design in HTR-10. The Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) methodology is employed to identify hazard parameters, deviation limitations, causes, impacts, and potential risks to the system’s main components. The establishment of probability scales, consequence criteria, risk level ratings, and control activities adheres to the ISO 31000 standard. Primary data were gathered through expert interviews, while secondary data were sourced from design layout documentation, literature reviews, and safety analysis reports. Six main components - the elevator, core, singulator, failed fuel separator, burnup measurement, and distributor - were selected as assessment nodes from the piping and instrumentation diagram. The assessment revealed that each node initially presented a moderate to extreme risk potential (risk level rating C to E). However, after applying the effectiveness index of the designed control, the residual risk for all nodes was reduced to an acceptable limit (risk rating A - very low). Therefore, the fuel handling system design already incorporates adequate control activities to mitigate potential safety risks due to system component failure. As safety risk assessment is dynamic, it should be reviewed periodically or whenever there are design changes at any project stage. This ensures the safety risk magnitude is consistently known and managed effectively.
Qualitative Analysis using HFACS Model on Factors Causing Risk-taking Behavior at Workplace Ikhwanuddin, Rizky Yuli; Djunaidi, Zulkifli
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 7 No. 10 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v7i10.5991

Abstract

Introduction: The risk of workplace accidents, according to the 2022 Indonesian National Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Profile, is influenced by human factor in safety. This factor includes risk-taking behavior at workplace. One of the industrial sectors that needs a highlight in investigating risk-taking behavior is mining industry, which has 100% increase of workplace accidents in 2022. Objective: This paper explores several results from research which aims to identify factors causing risk-taking behavior at workplace. Method: Qualitative approach of a research is explored in this paper. The participants of this study are 283 employees of PT. XYZ Site A, a mining contractor company in Indonesia, ranging from managers, supervisors, and workers. The primary data of this paper was collected from the answers and reasons that the participants write in a questionnaire with open-ended questions, while the secondary data of this paper was taken from SMKP implementation documents and records obtained from PT. XYZ Site A. These data were then analyzed qualitatively using HFACS (The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System) Model. Result: As per HFACS analysis, factors causing risk-taking behavior at workplace are decision errors and perceptual errors (Unsafe Acts level), complacency, misplaced motivation, and lack of communication (Preconditions for Unsafe Acts level), inadequate supervision, failure to correct problem, and supervisory violations (Unsafe Supervisiion level), as well as resource management, organizational climate, and organizational process (Organizational Influences level) Conclusion: All levels of HFACS contribute risk-taking behavior at workplace, in which organizational influences level is the one whose all sublevels play roles in triggering such behavior. organization needs to increase its influence to its employees to not take risk at their works by improving resource management, organizational climate, as well as safe organizational processes.
Impact of Safety Leadership on Safety Climate in Process Industry Workers: Literature Review Titus Halomoan Mg; Zulkifli Djunaidi
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 7 No. 12 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v7i12.6322

Abstract

Background: Safety climate concerns individual perceptions of safety policies, procedures, practices and behavior in the work environment. The low safety climate increases the risk of work accidents. Improvement safety climate, one of which can be done by increasing safety leadership, which is safety leadership bring policy direction and commitment regarding the importance of occupational safety and health. This research aims to determine the effect safety leadership to safety climate in process industry workers. Method: This research uses the "PRISMA” or preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. In searching for relevant research using database google scholar and Sciendirect, with keywords “safety leadership”, “safety climate" And “process industry worker”.The total number of journals that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria is 4 journals indexed Q1. Results: The results of this study show that there is a direct influence between safety leadership to safety climate in a positive direction. The influence is in a positive direction indicating that there is an increase safety leadership influence on safety climate which is better. There is an indirect influence between safety leadership to safety perfomance with through safety climate. Conclusion: Safety leadership influences improving the safety climate for process industry workers. These findings can be used as reference material for improving the safety climate as well as safety performance in process industry, to reducing the possibility of work accidents.
Employees’ Internal Factors Leading to Rule-breaking Acts at the Workplace Ikhwanuddin, Rizky Yuli; Djunaidi, Zulkifli
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v13i3.2024.278-286

Abstract

Introduction: The 2022 National Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Profile in Indonesia shows that the human factor in safety is a factor that influences the risk of workplace accidents. The mining accidents statistical data in Indonesia, in which there was a 100% increase of workplace accidents in 2022, have given this industry an urgency to get a special attention to study risk-taking behavior at the workplace. At the organizational level, PT. XYZ (a mining contractor company in Indonesia) has internally measured its safety maturity level and is currently in calculative level, which indicates that the OHS management system has been implemented but the number of unsafe behaviors and unsafe conditions on site is still high. This paper explores quantitative results from research which aims to obtain an overview of employees’ internal factors leading to rule-breaking acts at the workplace. Methods: This paper uses cross-sectional design research with quantitative approach. Using stratified random sampling, a sample of 283 employees of PT. XYZ Site A participated in this study, ranging from managers, supervisors, and workers. Data were collected through a questionnaire with open-ended questions referring to a study from Safe Work Australia and analyzed quantitatively using statistical Chi-Square statistical test. Results: From the results of the Chi-Square test, the independent variables that have a value of Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) below 0.05 (95% CI) and lead to rule-breaking act at workplace are risk-taking behavior acceptance (0.018), normalizing minor accidents (0.002), and decision to take risk (0.000). Conclusion: Employees’ internal factors of risk-taking behavior acceptance, normalizing minor accidents, and decision to take risk have positive and significant effect on rule-breaking acts at the workplace. It is recommended that organizations implement a proper risk management with ALARP principle, safety empowering leadership, and safe behavior trainings to minimize rule-breaking acts at the workplace
Evaluasi Resilience dalam Budaya Keselamatan Organisasi: Studi Kasus di Situs Tambang Batubara Iqmalia, Bella Naziel; Djunaidi, Zulkifli
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 16, No 1 (2025): Januari-Maret 2025
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf.v16i1.5640

Abstract

The high operational risks in the coal mining sector, including repeated work accidents, emphasize the urgency of implementing a resilient and adaptive safety culture. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of Resilience Safety Culture (RSC) at PT. X. This study is a descriptive quantitative study. The subjects of the study were 300 employees selected using stratified random sampling techniques. Related data were collected by filling out a structured questionnaire based on James Reason's safety culture framework and Erik Hollnagel's Resilience Engineering principles. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and then presented categorically. The results of the study indicated that PT. X excels in the learning culture dimension through continuous training and incident investigation, but is still weak in response capabilities due to bureaucratic constraints and the less than optimal implementation of Stop Work Authority (SWA). Furthermore, it was concluded that PT. X needs to strengthen worker autonomy in emergency situations, simplify reporting flows, and prioritize safety over production to create a more resilient and adaptive safety system.Keywords: resilience engineering; safety culture; resilience safety culture; mining industry ABSTRAK Tingginya risiko operasional di sektor tambang batubara, termasuk kecelakaan kerja yang berulang, menekankan urgensi penerapan budaya keselamatan yang tangguh dan adaptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan Resilience Safety Culture (RSC) di PT. X. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian adalah 300 karyawan yang dipilih dengan teknik stratified random sampling. Data terkait dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner terstruktur berdasarkan kerangka budaya keselamatan James Reason dan prinsip Resilience Engineering Erik Hollnagel. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif lalu disajikan secara kategorik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. X unggul pada dimensi learning culture melalui pelatihan berkelanjutan dan investigasi insiden, namun masih lemah dalam kemampuan respond akibat kendala birokrasi dan implementasi Stop Work Authority (SWA) yang belum optimal. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa PT. X membutuhkan penguatan otonomi pekerja dalam situasi darurat, penyederhanaan alur pelaporan, dan prioritas keselamatan di atas produksi untuk menciptakan sistem keselamatan yang lebih tangguh dan adaptif.Kata kunci: resilience engineering; budaya keselamatan; resilience safety culture; industri pertambangan
Evaluating Safety Culture Maturity in Indonesian Petrochemical Industry to Strengthen Occupational Health Systems Astuti, Putu Nadi; Zulkifli Djunaidi; Alfiyyah, Arifah
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 8 No. 8 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v8i8.7393

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the maturity of safety culture implementation across petrochemical companies in Indonesia. By using a mixed-methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of occupational health and safety risks in high-hazard industries. The petrochemical sector being prone to workplace accidents and process related to incidents. The objective was to identify the maturity level of safety practices and highlight priority areas for improvement, addressing gaps in existing literature on safety culture measurement in industrial settings. Methods: This cross-sectional mixed-methods study involved surveys and observations conducted across 10 petrochemical companies in 2024. A total of 513 participants were enrolled, and data were collected through validated questionnaires, plant visits, and document reviews. Ethical approval was obtained from the Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia and participants provided informed consent. Results: The primary outcome of the study was the maturity level of safety culture, which most respondents rated as “Generative.” Based on company type significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in commitment. While other variables such as information, organizational learning, employee participation, and communication showed no significant differences. There were no significant differences based on industry type and role type for each variable. The findings from qualitative method indicate that most companies have implemented both national safety standards namely SMK3 (Occupational Health and Safety Management System) and international systems (including ISO 45001, OSHA PSM, ILO PSM, and Responsible Care). Conclusion: In conclusion, the importance of a mature safety culture in supporting occupational health and safety practices and highlights the need for continuous improvement in workplace safety systems. Future studies should explore interventions that strengthen these dimensions, helping reduce occupational risks in the petrochemical industry.
Assessing Safety Culture Maturity in Indonesia's Petrochemical Producer Astuti, Putu Nadi; Djunaidi, Zulkifli; Alfiyyah, Arifah
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v14i2.2025.145-154

Abstract

Introduction: Safety culture maturity is essential in high-risk industries, including the petrochemical sector, where maintaining workplace safety helps prevent accidents and improve operational efficiency. This study explores the maturity level of safety culture at the petrochemical company in Indonesia using Hudson’s five stage maturity model as a framework for evaluation. The research aims to identify the correlation between safety culture maturity and five aspects of organizational factors. Methods: The questionnaire was completed using online survey-based research by the employees in a petrochemical company of 86 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Safety culture maturity served as the dependent variable, while the independent variables included five organizational factors: information, organizational learning, employee participation, communication, and commitment. The study considers safety culture maturity as the dependent variable, while the five organizational factors serve as independent variables. Data were analyzed using regression analysis Spearman’s correlation to assess between these factors and the maturity level of safety culture. Results: The results from the framework demonstrating the safety culture maturity at the level of generative. The strongest correlations were found in commitment (r = 0.712, p < 0.01), followed by information, organizational learning, employee participation, and communication. Meanwhile, gender and education level did not significantly influence safety culture maturity. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of organizational commitment, effective communication, and continuous learning make the safety culture become the habit. The study recommended the petrochemical industries using the framework and revised the questionnaire align with the regulation for continuous improvement in safety culture.
Beban Kerja Fisik Sebagai Determinan Utama Unsafe Action pada Pekerja Konstruksi Rajab, Rifqi Razaqi; Djunaidi, Zulkifli
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 15, No 1 (2024): Januari-Maret 2024
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf15111

Abstract

Unsafe action is someone's behavior that does not comply with normally accepted safe work procedures and practices, and can put that person at risk. This can create dangers that can result in losses, endanger workers or other people which can ultimately cause accidents. Many accidents are caused by unsafe actions. The aim of this research was to find out what factors influence the incidence of unsafe actions in construction workers. This type of research was quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was 50 construction workers. Data was collected by filling out a questionnaire, then analyzed using the Chi-square test. The research results show that the p value for each factor was work stress = 0.214, physical workload = 0.008 and work fatigue = 0.044. Furthermore, it was concluded that construction workers' unsafe actions were influenced by physical workload and work fatigue.Keywords: construction workers; unsafe action; physical workload; work fatigue ABSTRAK Unsafe action adalah perilaku seseorang yang tak sesuai prosedur dan praktik kerja aman yang normal diterima, dan bisa menempatkan orang pada risiko. Dengan demikian dapat menciptakan bahaya yang dapat mengakibatkan kerugian, membahayakan pekerja atau orang lain yang akhirnya bisa menyebabkan kecelakaan. Banyak kecelakaan disebabkan oleh unsafe action. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian unsafe action pada pekerja konstruksi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 50 pekerja konstruksi. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner, selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai p untuk masing-masing faktor adalah stres kerja = 0,214, beban kerja fisik = 0,008 dan kelelahan kerja = 0,044. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa unsafe action pekerja konstruksi dipengaruhi oleh beban kerja fisik dan kelelahan kerja.Kata kunci: pekerja konstruksi; unsafe action; beban kerja fisik; kelelahan kerja
Co-Authors Adenan Adenan, Adenan Afif Mauludi, Ahmad Agra Khaliwa Agra Mohamad Khaliwa Agra Mohamad Khaliwa Agra Mohamad Khaliwa Agus Nur Rachman, Agus Nur Al Azhar, Muhammad Al Azhar, Muhammad Schehan Alaitanisa Nabila Alfiyyah, Arifah Annisa Elfariyani Astuti, Putu Nadi Atthaya, Ahmad Bahrain Munir Bhadra, Pramita Clint Devan Yogama Dedi Chandra Deni Eri Zulfirman Desmantoh, Desmantoh Eka Fitria Novita Sainyakit Ekaranti, Egnes Elfariyani, Annisa Fadhilah, Lilik Nur Farah Fadila Rahmawati Fatma Lestari Febby Fauzia Deliani Firda Olivia Ramadhani Hafia, Azka Hamas Musyaddad Abdul Aziz Harjanto, Meddy Hasan, Sayyid Ikhwanuddin, Rizky Yuli Indrafahrudi, Dio Wiratama Iqmalia, Bella Naziel Irwan Mangatur Victor Jatmika, Iwan Khaliwa, Agra Mohamad Kurniawan, Ahmad Tahta Kurniawan, Rusbani Laili Rahma Khairina Louis Sonna Martuah Purba M. Fauzan Guciano M. Rahmanda Lintang Putranto Markus, Alfred Yunandro Maskuri Melati, Vita Mardhiyanti Muhammad Rahmanda Lintang Mutia Rahmi Nadya Putri Naufal Ayudha Achmad Ngarayana, I Wayan Nimas Mayangsari Nugraha, Eka Djatnika Oksen Pariangan Priyoasmoro, Cahyo Hardo Putri Pujianti Raden Bagus Sarwowidjaja Saleh Rahmadani Arnur Rahmadani Arnur, Rahmadani Rajab, Rifqi Razaqi Rizki Ananda Saiful Arif, Luthfi Sepriyanto Setiawati, Lyza Yuni Titus Halomoan Mg Tubagus Dwika Yuantoko Winarko, Agus Wirawan, Mufti