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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KARANG LUNAK Klyxum Sp YANG DIKOLEKSI DARI DESA TUMBAK KECAMATAN POSUMAEN MINAHASA TENGGARA Lonteng, Elur; Yudistira, Adithya; Wewengkang, Defny S
PHARMACON Vol 9, No 2 (2020): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.9.2020.29272

Abstract

ABSTRACT Soft Coral Klyxum sp.. is a rich sources in bioactive compounds such as terpenoids, steroids, and steroid glycosides which are commonly used in the health sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of antioxidant compounds from ethanol extracts of Klyxum sp. Klyxum sp., was extracted by maceration using ethanol as a solvent. As a parameter, testing of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-picrylhydarzyl) method, which was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of soft coral  Klyxum sp., proven to have antioxidant activity in each concentration test. Keywords: Klyxum sp. Soft Coral, Antioxidants, Extraction, DPPH   ABSTRAK Karang Lunak Klyxum sp. merupakan sumber yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif seperti terpenoid, steroid, dan steroid glikosida yang biasa dimanfaatkan dalam dibidang kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu, untuk mengetahui aktivitas senyawa antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol Karang Lunak Klyxum sp. Karang Lunak Klyxum sp. diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan etanol sebagai pelarut. Sebagai parameter, pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-picrylhydarzyl) yang diukur menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol Karang Lunak Klyxum sp. terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan disetiap konsentrasi pengujian. Kata Kunci : Karang Lunak Klyxum sp., Antioksidan, Ekstraksi, DPPH
SKRINING FITOKIMIA, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, DAN TOKSISITAS DARI EKSTRAK DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) DENGAN METODE 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dan Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Widjaya, Selin; Bodhi, Widdhi; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 8, No 2 (2019): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.8.2019.29297

Abstract

ABSTRACTKersen (Muntingia calabura L.) is a plant that has begun to be eliminated and was rarely used because it is often considered to have no economic value and lack of knowledge about its utilization, whereas kersen plants contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins which were have high benefit for health. The content of metabolites is affected by soil nutrient elements and difference place of growth. This study aims to determine the potential of kersen leaves grown in North Minahasa based on phytochemical content, ability of antioxidant activity, and toxicity. Kersen leaves were extracted using sequential maceration method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents. Phytochemical Screening using several reagents which tailored to the type of phytochemical test. 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method is used to evaluate antioxidant activity, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method is used to evaluate toxicity. The result of this study indicate that the n-hexane extract contains phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, with IC50 value 12.54 μg/mL, and LC50 value 881 μg/mL. Ethyl acetate extract contains phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, with IC50 value 61.3 μg/mL, and LC50 value 1758 μg/mL. Ethanol extract has phenol, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and terpenoid content, with IC50 value 9.01 μg/mL, and LC50 value 106 μg/mL. Keywords : Kersen leaves, Antioxidant, Toxicity, IC50, LC50 ABSTRAKKersen (Muntingia calabura L.) merupakan tanaman yang sudah mulai tersingkirkan dan jarang dimanfaatkan karena sering dianggap tidak punya nilai ekonomis dan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatannya, padahal tanaman kersen memiliki kandungan flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang bermanfaat tinggi untuk kesehatan. Kandungan senyawa metabolit dipengaruhi oleh unsur hara tanah dan perbedaan tempat tumbuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dari daun kersen yang tumbuh di Minahasa Utara berdasarkan kandungan fitokimia, kemampuan aktivitas antioksidan, dan toksisitasnya. Ekstrak daun kersen diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi sekuensial menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol.  Skrining fitokimia menggunakan beberapa reagen yang disesuaikan dengan jenis uji fitokimia. Metode 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan, dan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, dan tanin, nilai IC50 12,54 μg/mL, dan nilai LC50 881 μg/mL. Ekstrak etil asetat memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin, nilai IC50 61,3 μg/mL, dan nilai LC50 1758 μg/mL. Ekstrak etanol memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan terpenoid, nilai IC50 9,01 μg/mL, dan nilai LC50 106 μg/mL. Kata kunci : Daun Kersen, Antioksidan, Toksisitas, IC50, LC50
AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI TUNIKATA (Polycarpa aurata) YANG DIKOLEKSI DI SELAT LEMBEH, BITUNG TERHADAP Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans Manoppo, Cinlye J; Yudistira, Adithya; Wewengkang, Defny S
PHARMACON Vol 8, No 1 (2019): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.8.2019.29259

Abstract

ABSTRACTTunicate is an invertebrate that lives in a coral reef ecosystem and produces many compounds such as, antibacterial, antitumor and anticancer. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of extracts and fraction of tunicate (Polycarpa aurata) collected in the Lembeh Strait, Bitung against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Tunicate (Polycarpa aurata) was extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent, fractination using liquid-liquid partition method with n-hexane, chloroform and methanol solvent, and antimicrobial testing using Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. The results showed that ethanol extract of tunicate (Polycarpa aurata) had antimicrobial activity againts Escherichia coli with an inhibition of 15.12 mm, and againts Candida albicans with an inhibition of 15 mm. While the methanol fraction showed antimicrobial with a strong category and inhibition of 16.17 mm againts Staphylococcus aureus. Keyword: Tunicate (Polycarpa aurata), Extraction, Fractination, Antimicrobials  ABSTRAKTunikata merupakan invertebrata di ekosistem terumbu karang yang banyak menghasilkan senyawa seperti, antibakteri, antitumor dan antikanker.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak dan fraksi tunikata (Polycarpa aurata) yang dikoleksi di Selat lembeh, Bitung terhadap Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans.  Tunikata (Polycarpa aurata) diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%, fraksinasi menggunakan metode partisi dengan pelarut n-heksan, kloroform dan metanol, dan pengujian antimikroba menggunakan metode difusi agar Kirby Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol tunikata (Polycarpa aurata) memiliki aktivitas antimikroba kategori kuat pada fraksi metanol dengan daya hambat sebesar 16, 17 mm terhadap Escherichia coli, pada ekstrak etanol dengan daya hambat sebesar 15, 12 mm terhadap Staphylococcus aureus sedangkan pada Candida albicans aktivitas yang sangat baik terjadi pada ektraksi etanol sebesar 15 mm. Kata Kunci: Tunikata (Polycarpa aurata), Ekstraksi dan Fraksinasi, Antimikroba
UJI ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI TUNIKATA Didemnum molle TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, DAN Candida albicans YANG DIKOLEKSI DI SELAT LEMBEH BITUNG Pitoy, Novia A.; Yudistira, Adithya; Wewengkang, Defny S.
PHARMACON Vol 8, No 2 (2019): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.8.2019.29292

Abstract

ABSTRACTTunicate Didemnum molle is a marine biota that has bioactive components that can be used as raw material for medicines. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of extracts and fractions of Didemnum molle on microbial growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The sample was extracted by maceration using ethanol and fractionated using, n-hexane, chloroform and methanol. Antimicrobial activity was tested using the disc diffusion test method (Kirby and Bauer). Ethanol extract of Didemnum molle inhibited the growth of microbes of Staphylococcus aureus (8.12 mm) and Candida albicans (9.00 mm). Chloroform fraction inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (9.10 mm), Escherichia coli (10.00 mm) and Candida albicans (9.65 mm). While the methanol fraction is only able to inhibit microbial growth of Candida albicans (10.00 mm). The hexane fraction shows no activity against all test microbes. Keywords : Tunikata Didemnum molle, antimicrobial, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus   aureus, Candida albicans.                                                                                                     ABSTRAKTunikata Didemnum molle merupakan biota laut yang memiliki komponen bioaktif yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat-obatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak dan fraksi tunikata Didemnum molle terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida  albicans. Sampel diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan etanol dan difraksinasi menggunakan, n-heksan, kloroform dan metanol. Aktivitas antimikroba diuji menggunakan metode disc diffusion test (Kirby dan Bauer). Ekstrak etanol Didemnum molle menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba Staphylococcus aureus (8,12 mm) dan Candida albicans (9,00 mm). Fraksi kloroform menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba Staphylococcus aureus (9,10 mm), Escherichia coli (10,00 mm) dan Candida albicans (9,65 mm). Sementara fraksi metanol hanya mampu menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba Candida albicans (10.00 mm). Fraksi heksan tidak menunjukkan aktivitas terhadap semua mikroba uji. Kata Kunci : Tunikata Didemnum molle, antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans.
ANALISIS ZAT WARNA METHANYL YELLOW DALAM MINUMAN ES SIRUP DI KAWASAN KOTA MANADO Sigar, Esti Santi; citraningtyas, Gayatri; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.1.2012.506

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Iced beverage syrup is processed in liquid form which has a variety of flavors andcolors. The dye banned methanyl yellow syrup used in drinks because it can cause poisoning,gastrointestinal disorders, and liver tissue damage if consumed in the long term. The purposeof this study was to prove the existence of a dye content of the beverage methanyl yellowsyrup that circulate in the city of Manado. Samples beverage syrup totaling 18 samples weretaken representing 8 districts and the central city of Manado, and then analyzed methanylyellow dye using color reaction, Thin Layer Chromatography and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer.The results showed that in all 18 samples beverage syrup is not identified either dye methanylyellow color reaction method, Thin Layer Chromatography method and UV-Visspectrophotometry. With no identification methanyl yellow dye then make sure the 18samples beverage syrup is free from substances methanyl yellow dye.Keywords : Methanyl Yellow, Iced beverage syrup, Color Reactions, Thin LayerChromatography (TLC), UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, Manado
UJI EFEK ANALGETIK EKSTRAK RUMPUT TEKI (CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L.) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (RATTUS NOVERGICUS) Pandey, Putri Virgie; Bodhi, Widdhi; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 2 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.1579

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Pain is defined as a sensory and emotional experience that is not associated with tissuedamage. Nut grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) is traditionally used as a pain reliever. Theobjectives of this research were to find out analgesic effect of nut grass extract withconcentration 3,15 g/KgBB, 6,3 g/KgBB and 12,6 g/KgBB on white male wistar. The subjectin this research were 15 white male wistar which divided into 5 groups, each group consist of3 white male wistar. Negative control group were administered with aquadest, positivecontrol group were administered with paracetamol, and experiment groups were administeredwith nut grass extract. Analgesic test were examined by giving pain stimulation to treatedanimals, such as 65°C heat stimulation. The response which observed were rats licking feetor jumping response. The observation was conducted for 1 minute.Observations wereconducted before extract administration, then at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes afteradministered. The results shows thatnut grass extract with concentration 3,15 g/KgBB, 6,3g/KgBB and 12,6 g/KgBB possess analgesic effect on white male wistar, especiallyconcentration 6,3 g/KgBB.Keywords: analgesic, nut grass extract, pain
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI AMPAS HASIL PENGOLAHAN SAGU (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) Talapessy, Selvian; Suryanto, Edi; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 3 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.2373

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ABSTRACTThe study aimed to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of sago wasteprocessing results. Results of processing sago pulp esxtraction was conducted using 1 x 24hour maceration using solvents ethanol with a concentration of 20, 40, 60 and 80%. Phenoliccontent was determined by Folin Ciocalteu method and determination of antioxidant activityusing the DPPH free radical scavengers. The results showed that the extract with the solventconcentration of 40% has a higher total phenolic 83,26 μg/mL followed by solvent extractconcentration of 20, 60 and 80% respectively 70,01; 60,58; 22,04 μg/mL. extract with 60%solvent concentration has free radical scavengers activity the highest of 82,75% followed byconcentration of solvent extracts 80, 20 and 60% are respectively 80,45; 76,62; 62,83%.These results suggest that the processing of sago pulp extract contains phenolic antioxidantsand can be potentially as.Keywords : pulp extract sago precessing results, phenolic compend, antioxidants.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PAKU SISIK NAGA (DRYMOGLOSSUM PILOSELLOIDES L.PRESL) TERHADAP PEROKSIDASI LIPID HATI PADA TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI CCL4 Malinda, Ayu Fauzia; Fatimawali, Fatimawali; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 2 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.1797

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The aims of this research was to determine the effect of ethanol extract paku sisik nagaleaves against lipid peroxidation in male wistar liver induced by CCl4. Method of thisresearch used laboratory experiment using 9 white male wistar were divided into 3 treatmentgroups. All groups were given treatment during ten days. The first group (negative control)was given distilled water ad libitum, the second group was given ethanol extract of paku sisiknaga leaves 97.02 mg/kg body weight per oral and the third group (positive control) wasgiven Curcuma 45 mg/kg body weight per oral. On the tenth day, after two hours oftreatment all groups were given CCl4 1mL/kg body weight intraperitonial, eighteen hoursafter that rats in all groups were dissected and taken his liver. Then rat liver analyzed byTBARS method (Thiobarbiturate Acid Reactive Subtance) to measure the levels of MDA(Malondialdehyde) which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation in the rat liver. Data wereanalyzed by SPSS ver.20, significant difference between treatments was tested by one-wayANOVA. The results showed a significant difference with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05)with a mean value of MDA 3,828 μM negative control group, group of ethanol extract ofpaku sisik naga leaf was 2,666 μM and 2,211 μM for positive control group. Ethanol extractof paku sisik naga leaves with dose 97.02 mg/kg body weight can prevent the process of lipidperoxidation in rat liver.Keywords: Drymoglossum piloselloides L. Presl, CCl4, TBARS, lipid peroxidation
IDENTIFIKASI DAN PENETAPAN KALIUM IODAT DALAM GARAM DAPUR YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR KOTA BITUNG DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS Kapantow, Anggelia Nelisa; Fatimawali, Fatimawali; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 1 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.1253

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ABSTRACTIodine deficiency disorder can be prevented by consumption of salt which contains iodine into the body. Based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI), concentration of Potassium iodide(KIO3) were 30-80 ppm. The objectives of this research were to identify and determineconcentration of potassium iodide in salt which marketed in Bitung region. Samples were 9branded salts and 1 sample unbranded. Identification was done by Potassium cation test andIodide anion test. Determination of Potassium iodide were done using spectrophotometerUV-Vis. The results shows that 9 samples contains Potassium iodide (Branded salts), and 1sample did not contains Potassium iodide (Unbranded salt). Based on spectrophotometeranalysis, there were 5 samples comply SNI of KIO3 (31,6-77,6 ppm), 5 samples did notcomply SNI of KIO3 (2,1-28 ppm).Keywords : Potassium iodide, iodine salt, Spectrophotometry UV-vis, Bitung
ANALISIS FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI GETAH KULIT BUAH PISANG GOROHO (Musa acuminate (L.)) Kurniawan, Juliana Christie; Suryanto, Edi; Yudistira, Adithya
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 3 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.2330

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ABSTRACTThe objectives of this research was to analyze the phytochemical content and antioxidantactivity from goroho’s sap peel. Sample preparation was cut from the banana tier, then havebeen cut to the both base of goroho’s peel and the fresh sap collected into the petri dish. Theextraction method was maceration used 20, 40, 60 and 80% ethanol concentration.Phytochemical screening carried out by analysis of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, steroid,terpenoid and tannin. Determination of antioxidant activity performed by DPPH free radicalscavengers. The phytochemical analysis results was goroho’s sap peel contain flavonoid,saponin and tannin. Ethanol extract of goroho’s sap peel with 80% concentration 100 μg/mLhad the highest antioxidant activity. Results of this research concluded that phenolic extractsof goroho’s sap peel has the ability both as an antioxidant to DPPH free radicals.Keywords: Banana sap peel goroho, phytochemical, antioxidant activity
Co-Authors Abdullah, Surya Sumantri Adeanne Wullur Amanda, Turangan Anggelia Nelisa Kapantow Anne Wulur Antasionasti, Irma Anton, Nurhati Ayu Fauzia Malinda Benjamin, Sri Gentari Datu, Olvie Syenni Defny S. Wewengkang, Defny S. Edi Suryanto Edwin de Queljoe Elly Suoth ERLADYS MELINDAH RUMONDOR, ERLADYS MELINDAH Esti Santi Sigar Fabiola N Palobo Fadhila Assagaf Fangohoy, Juliandro Fatimawali . Gayatri Citraningtyas Henki Rotinsulu, Henki Hohakay, Jeremi Jelio Hohakay, Jeremy J. Hosea Jaya Edy I Dewa Ayu Prabawati Ikhrar, Muhammad S. Ikhrar, Muhammad Setiawan Julia Megawati Narande Juliana Christie Kurniawan Julius Pontoh Kaligis, Alfredo Yeheskel Kandio, Engjinia Frenny Karlah L. R. Mansauda Kinanti, Agata Mega Kindangen, Eunike Elizabeth Lampongajo, Stela Mahdalena Langi, Priski Lisa Purnawati Saleh Lonteng, Elur Lukman, Muhammad Yusri Macpal, Fransisca Manoppo, Cinlye Manoppo, Cinlye J Manumpil, Aprilia Meilani Jayanti Membri, Desy Khartika Mokoginta, Tiara Ambarzahra Nangoy, Billy N. Nangoy, Billy Nathaniel Ni Wayan Dianti Paulina yamlean Pitoy, Novia Pitoy, Novia A. Purwoko, Agus Putri Virgie Pandey Romario Aldi Rompas Rumangu, Afrilia Rumangu, Afrilia Veronika Rumondor, Erladys Runtuwene, John M.R. Runtuwene, Kristianus Runtuwene, Widia Runtuwene, Widia N Selvian Talapessy Siampa, Jainer Pasca Sibarani, Samuel I.M. Soleman, Puput Solly Aryza Sri Sudewi, Sri Sukmaningrum, Krisnawati Sumerah, Marsella Sumerah, Marsella E. Tumiwa, Pricilia Irene Tumiwa, Priscila Irene Tumundo, Berlian Tasya Turangan, Amanda T. M. Ulaan, Gia Ulaan, Gia Aprilia Kartini Weny I Wiyono Weny Wiyono Wewengkang, Defny Wewengkang, Defny S Wewengkang, Defny Silvia Widdhi Bodhi Widjaya, Selin Widya Astuty Lolo, Widya Astuty Windy Sumarauw Wulan, Wulan