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Legal Positivism and Fiqh Muamalah Paradigm’s on Indonesian Sharia Fintech Legal Framework Saifullah, Saifullah; Al Munawar, Faishal Agil; Bahagiati, Kurniasih; Supriyadi, Aditya Prastian
Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah Vol 16, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v16i1.39237

Sharia Financial Technology in Indonesia is regulated in OJK Regulation No. 10/POJK.05/2022 Concerning Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services. According to researchers, enacting these regulations still needs improvement because they are disproportionate to the basic rules for implementing Sharia Fintech in Indonesia. A Fiqh Muamalah study needs to be conducted to reconstruct these rules into proportional rules. This research uses normative legal research methods. This research uses a statutory regulatory approach related to Fintech and DSN MUI Fatwa, as well as the Fiqh Muamalah conceptual approach. The results show that based on the Fiqh Muamalah indicator, OJK Regulation No. 10/POJK.05/2022 still needs to be in harmony with Fiqh Muamalah. The OJK Regulations have no concrete rules regarding what contracts can be used for Sharia Fintech schemes. Abstrak:Financial Technology Syariah di Indonesia saat ini diatur dalam Peraturan OJK No. 10/POJK.05/2022 Tentang Layanan Pendanaan Bersama Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Keberlakuan Peraturan tersebut masih perlu di perbaiki karena tidak proporsional sebagai aturan dasar penyelenggaraan. Perlu ada kajian Fikih Muamalah untuk Merekonstruksi aturan tersebut menjadi aturan yang proporsional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan Pendekatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang terkait dengan Fintech dan Fatwa DSN MUI, serta pendekatan Konseptual Fikih Muamalah. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan, berdasarkan indikator Fikih Muamalah, Peraturan OJK No. 10/POJK.05/2022 masih tidak harmonis dengan Fikih Muamalah. Dalam Peraturan OJK tidak ada aturan konkret mengenai akad apa yang dapat digunakan untuk skema Fintech Syariah.

Effectiveness of Legal Supervision by the Malang City Communication and Information Office on Phishing: A Perspective of the ITE Law and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah Al Munawar, Faishal Agil; Zahro, Maulida
Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies Том 3 № 03 (2025): Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jplls.v3i03.1858

Phishing refers to online fraud activities that deceive victims into disclosing their data, leading to various risks such as misuse of banking accounts, email accounts, and social media. This study is based on the increasing number of phishing cases in society, including among university students, which have resulted in financial losses and personal data breaches, thereby violating Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law). Therefore, local government supervision is deemed necessary to address phishing activities occurring in Malang City. The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness and challenges of the supervision carried out by the Department of Communication and Information (Diskominfo) of Malang City on phishing, from the perspective of the ITE Law and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. The research employs an empirical juridical method with a socio-juridical approach. The findings indicate that the supervision efforts by Diskominfo Malang include public education on the dangers of phishing and prevention strategies, provision of a reporting channel called “Malangkota-CSIRT,” and coordination with relevant stakeholders. From the perspective of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, these efforts aim to realize public benefit (maslahah) by protecting wealth (hifzh al-mal) and life (hifzh al-nafs). However, the effectiveness of these supervision efforts remains limited due to legal constraints within the ITE Law and several practical challenges, such as unequal dissemination of information, limited human resources and budget, and inadequate infrastructure, all of which hinder the supervision and response process.

Validity of Sale and Purchase Agreement Using Coin Flip System: A Perspective from Indonesian Civil Code and Islamic Commercial Law Hakim, Danial Malikul; Al Munawar, Faishal Agil
Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization Том 3 № 03 (2025): Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jmisc.v3i03.1904

The Coin Flip system is an innovative method in sale and purchase agreements, where the price is determined by a coin toss. It is used when negotiations between the buyer and seller reach a deadlock, introducing a random element to the price determination, which differs from traditional methods. This study aims to analyze the validity of the Coin Flip system under both positive law (the Civil Code) and Islamic commercial law (fiqh muamalah). The focus is on whether the system meets the requirements for a valid agreement in the Civil Code and Islamic law. Additionally, the research examines the issue of maysir (gambling) involved in this system, which is crucial in sale agreements. The study employs a normative juridical method with a conceptual and legislative approach, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. Data was collected through literature review and analyzed qualitatively. The findings show that the Coin Flip sale agreement is valid according to the Civil Code, as it satisfies both subjective and objective conditions, including a voluntary agreement between legally competent parties with a clear price and valid object. However, the system is not valid under fiqh muamalah, as it lacks a clear and definite price and includes elements of maysir (gambling), which is prohibited in Islam.

HADITH-BASED RELIGIOUS MODERATION: Strategies for Building Social Resilience among Indonesian Students in Syria in the Wake of the Fall of the Assad Regime Nasrulloh, Nasrulloh; Munawwar, Faishal Agil; Harris, Abdul; Fahrudin, Ali; Umam, Khairul; Amri, Naufal Nuzulul
Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies
Publisher : LP2M Ma'had Aly Hasyim Asy'ari Pesantren Tebuireng

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55987/njhs.v6i2.288

This study explores the role of hadith-based religious moderation in enhancing the social resilience of Indonesian students studying in Syria during the downfall of the Bashar al-Assad regime. The main objective is to identify strategies for implementing the values of religious moderation that are relevant to preventing radicalism and fostering social resilience. The research employs Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī’s theory of religious moderation within a sociological case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. The research questions include:(1) How is the contextual interpretation of ḥadīths on moderation understood among Indonesian students in Syria? (2) How are the prophetic principles of moderation applied to build social resilience in the post-Assad context? (3) What are the outcomes of internalizing hadith-based moderation among these students?The findings reveal that, based on al-Qaraḍāwī’s pillars of moderation, students demonstrate balance (tawāzun) by maintaining religious commitment while avoiding conflict and focusing on academic and religious studies. In terms of tolerance (tasāmuḥ), students show greater openness toward differences. Meanwhile, regarding comprehensiveness (syumūliyah),they actively engage in social interactions and embrace diverse groups without aligning with political factions. Social resilience efforts are manifested through hadith-based study circles emphasizing peace and harmony among Muslims. Consequently, Indonesian students remain unaffected by the demonstrations and civil resistance against the government.[Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran moderasi beragama yang berpijak pada hadis dalam meningkatkan resiliensi sosial mahasiswa Indonesia yang sedang studi di Suriah pada fase jatuhnya rezim Bashar Assad. Kajian utama bertujuan mengidentifikasi strategi implementasi nilai-nilai moderasi beragama yang relevan untuk mencegah radikalisme dan membentuk ketahanan sosial. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan teori moderasi beragama Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī dengan pendekatan studi kasus sosiologis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi non partisipasi, dan dokumentasi. Rumusan masalah penelitian meliputi: (1) Bagaimana kontekstualitas interpretasi hadis-hadis moderasi di kalangan mahasiswa di Suriah? (2) Bagaimana implementasi hadis moderasi dalam membangun resiliensi sosial pasca-jatuhnya rezim Assad? (3) Bagiamana hasil internalisasi hadis moderasi bagi mahasiswa Indonesia di Suriah? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan pilar moderasi yang ditawarkan al-Qaraḍāwī, dari aspek tawāzun, mahasiswa mampu bersikap religius dengan menghindari konflik dan focus pada kajian ilmiah dan keagamaan. Dari aspek tasāmuḥ, mahasisa lebih toleransi dalam melihat perbedaan. Sementara dari aspek syumūliyah, mahasiswa aktif sosialisasi dan merangkul semua golongan tanpa terlibat dalam arus pro-kontra pemerintahan. Upaya resiliensi sosial diimplementasikan melalui kajian-kajian hadis moderasi yang mengedepankan perdamaian antar sesama muslim. Hal ini menjadikan mahasiswa Indonesia tidak terpengaruh oleh demonstrasi dan perlawanan rakyat terhadap pemerintah.]

Commission Deductions from Online Food Delivery Sales for MSMEs from the Perspective of Positive Law and Islamic Law Al Munawar, Faishal Agil; Rohmah, Ainur
Iqtishodia: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): September
Publisher : Universitas Al-Qolam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35897/iqtishodia.v9i2.1404

Indonesia leads the top rank in Southeast Asia in relation to Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) for online food delivery (OFD) services, recording a GMV of US$ 4.6 billion in 2023. Online food delivery platforms like GoFood, GrabFood, and ShopeeFood have become integral to the lifestyle in major cities, including Malang. These platforms offer consumers convenience when ordering food from various restaurants. However, they also impose commission cuts on every sales transaction to OFD partners, which are often seen as burdensome. This study aims to analyze sales commission cuts on OFD platforms from the perspective of Trade Ministry Regulation Number 70 Year 2019 on Direct Distribution of Goods and the Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 on Wakalah Bi Al-Ujrah Contract. The method used is empirical juridical with a qualitative approach. The research findings indicate: 1. There needs to be more satisfaction among business operators or OFD partners in Lowokwaru, Malang, regarding the increase in commission cuts. The commission cut mechanisms on the GoFood platform are 20% + Rp. 1,000 per sale, GrabFood is 30% per sale, and ShopeeFood is 25% per sale. 2. According to Trade Ministry Regulation Number 70 Year 2019 on Direct Distribution of Goods, as long as the commission cuts by the three platforms (GoFood, GrabFood, and ShopeeFood) do not exceed 40%, such commission cuts are allowed. Whereas under Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 113/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 on Wakalah Bi Al-Ujrah Contract, commission cuts are permissible provided they meet certain established conditions. Yet, the third condition regarding ujrah has to be fully executed because neither party has agreed on commission increases.

Legal Positivism and Fiqh Muamalah Paradigm’s on Indonesian Sharia Fintech Legal Framework Saifullah, Saifullah; Al Munawar, Faishal Agil; Bahagiati, Kurniasih; Supriyadi, Aditya Prastian
Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v16i1.39237

Sharia Financial Technology in Indonesia is regulated in OJK Regulation No. 10/POJK.05/2022 Concerning Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services. According to researchers, enacting these regulations still needs improvement because they are disproportionate to the basic rules for implementing Sharia Fintech in Indonesia. A Fiqh Muamalah study needs to be conducted to reconstruct these rules into proportional rules. This research uses normative legal research methods. This research uses a statutory regulatory approach related to Fintech and DSN MUI Fatwa, as well as the Fiqh Muamalah conceptual approach. The results show that based on the Fiqh Muamalah indicator, OJK Regulation No. 10/POJK.05/2022 still needs to be in harmony with Fiqh Muamalah. The OJK Regulations have no concrete rules regarding what contracts can be used for Sharia Fintech schemes. Abstrak:Financial Technology Syariah di Indonesia saat ini diatur dalam Peraturan OJK No. 10/POJK.05/2022 Tentang Layanan Pendanaan Bersama Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Keberlakuan Peraturan tersebut masih perlu di perbaiki karena tidak proporsional sebagai aturan dasar penyelenggaraan. Perlu ada kajian Fikih Muamalah untuk Merekonstruksi aturan tersebut menjadi aturan yang proporsional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan Pendekatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang terkait dengan Fintech dan Fatwa DSN MUI, serta pendekatan Konseptual Fikih Muamalah. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan, berdasarkan indikator Fikih Muamalah, Peraturan OJK No. 10/POJK.05/2022 masih tidak harmonis dengan Fikih Muamalah. Dalam Peraturan OJK tidak ada aturan konkret mengenai akad apa yang dapat digunakan untuk skema Fintech Syariah.

THE EVALUATION OF THE INDONESIAN FINTECH LAW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF REGULATORY TECHNOLOGY PARADIGMS TO MITIGATE ILLEGAL FINTECH Saifullah, Saifullah; Supriyadi, Aditya Prastian; Bahagiati, Kurniasih; Al Munawar, Faishal Agil
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 14, No 2 (2023): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v14i2.24025

Illegal fintech is one of the main issues not fully addressed in the digital finance sector in Indonesia despite various legal regulations. This condition shows that the fintech legal framework in Indonesia still needs to be entirely relevant to the concept of Regulatory Technology (regtech). This study aims to analyze the position of the fintech legal framework in Indonesia in overcoming illegal fintech with a regtech approach chosen as an analytical instrument—a basic concept that combines law and digital financial technology to create an orderly platform and comply with all applicable laws. This article uses normative-legal research methods and a conceptual approach, indicating that the legal framework governing fintech in Indonesia fragments, with rules spreading across the civil, administrative, and criminal sectors. This legal framework still needs to be reinforced as a legal tool to overcome the problem. Based on the regtech approach, increased transparency and accountability in fintech implementation are essential as legal support for dynamic supervision and law enforcement and to allow for wider access to cooperation between stakeholders in handling illegal fintech. Such measures will help create a more effective legal environment and align with the regtech paradigm in addressing illegal fintech practices in Indonesia. Fintech ilegal merupakan salah satu isu utama yang belum sepenuhnya tertangani di sektor keuangan digital di Indonesia, meskipun telah diterbitkan berbagai peraturan hukum. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum fintech di Indonesia memerlukan evaluasi berdasarkan paradigma Regulatory Technology (RegTech). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis posisi kerangka hukum fintech di Indonesia dalam mengatasi permasalahan fintech ilegal dengan pendekatan RegTech. RegTech dipilih sebagai instrumen analisis karena merupakan konsep dasar yang menggabungkan hukum dan teknologi keuangan digital untuk menciptakan platform yang tertib dan mematuhi semua hukum yang berlaku. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum yang mengatur fintech di Indonesia masih terfragmentasi dengan aturan yang tersebar di sektor perdata, administrasi, dan pidana. Kerangka hukum ini masih perlu diperkuat sebagai alat hukum untuk mengatasi masalah fintech ilegal. Berdasarkan pendekatan RegTech, diperlukan peningkatan transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam implementasi fintech, sebagai dukungan hukum atas pengawasan dan penegakan hukum yang dinamis serta dukungan hukum untuk membuka saluran kerja sama antar pemangku kepentingan dalam penanganan fintech ilegal. Langkah-langkah tersebut akan membantu menciptakan lingkungan hukum yang lebih efektif dan selaras dengan paradigma RegTech dalam menangani praktik fintech ilegal di Indonesia.

Telaah Fatwa tentang Nikah Siri Faishal Agil Al Munawar
Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Universitas Ibrahimy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35316/istidlal.v4i1.210

This research discusses about Fatwa regarding Siri Marriage or known as Unregistered Marriage. In the other countries, this phenomenon called ‘Urfi Marriage. This research comprised in normative category because analyzing documents and literatures related to Fatwa regarding Siri Marriage. Qualitative Description is used as an approach to compare between Indonesian Ulema Council or Majelis Ulama Indonesia (“MUI”) with other five Fatwa councils from different countries: (1) Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (“KSA”), (2) Egypt, (3) Jordan, (4) Kuwait, and (5) Libya. The results show that in substance and procedure, Siri or ’Urfi Marriage activities in five nations are indifferent. The distinction only occurs on the naming aspect. Indonesia and KSA have the same terminology which is Siri Marriage, whereas three other countries employ ‘Urfi Marriage expression. From legal perspective, those five nations have similar concept that, if the marriage complies with the Islamic basis and requisite, then it fulfills legitimate sharia condition for marriage in Islam. But, to accomplish rights in civil law, it needs to register the marriage officially in the country’s appointed institution.

Ijtihad Jama’i (Ijtihad Kolektif) Perspektif Ulama Kontemporer Faishal Agil Al Munawar; Mirwan
Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Universitas Ibrahimy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35316/istidlal.v4i2.268

The research discusses Ijtihad Jama’i or more familiar known as Collective Ijtihad. It uses Library Research with a descriptive comparative study approach which explains the definition of Collective Ijtihad, the importance and its position under Islamic Law according to contemporary Islamic scholars. The results have shown that Collective Ijtihad is an agreed Islamic law (fiqh) mechanism upon respectable Islamic scholars (mujtahid) to generate law verdict from recent thematic issues. The earliest step analyzes previous law verdicts from similar cases based on prior Islamic scholars’ notions. The latter work comes into the judgment selection process to produce a decree with most robust yet relevant from available references. Currently, Collective Ijtihad has high gravity in the making of pure tasyri’ (Islamic Law), stationed under original Ijma’ but superior to Qiyas and all Individual Ijtihad yet should be applied as Islamic Law determination method (istinbath) due to relaxed prerequisites and straightforward implementation compare to Individual Ijtihad, which is very influential in deciding contemporary Islamic Legislation

The Islamic Legal Framework of Sadd al‑Zarī‘ah and Environmental Policy: Evaluating the Permissibility of Sea Sand Exports in Indonesia Azyan Zulfany, Ashfa; Al Munawar, Faishal Agil
Milkiyah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Milkiyah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama islam Negeri Majene

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46870/milkiyah.v5i1.1753

As an archipelagic country rich in marine sand resources, Indonesia faces a critical dilemma between exploiting this potential for economic gain and ensuring the protection of its marine ecosystems. This issue is central to the analysis of Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023 concerning the Management of Sedimentation Products at Sea, which effectively reopens sea sand exports. This study aims to examine the sea sand export policy regulated in Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023 and evaluate its compatibility with the Islamic legal principle of Sadd al-Zarī’ah, which prioritises the prevention of harm. Using a normative juridical method that combines legislative and conceptual approaches, this study analyses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that the regulation contradicts the principles of ecological justice and constitutional mandates (Articles 33 and 28H of the 1945 Constitution), lacks a solid delegative legal basis, and was formulated with insufficient public participation. From the perspective of Sadd al-Zarī’ah, this policy falls under the third category of zarī’ah classified by Ibn Qayyim. This is an action that is permissible (mubah) but causes significant harm (mafsadah). Given that all the conditions for applying Sadd al-Zarī’ah are met, Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023 is considered worthy of revocation and requires revision into a policy that is fair, environmentally friendly, sustainable, and in accordance with sharia and constitutional values. This study notes by urging policymakers to design regulations that truly balance economic interests with long-term ecological sustainability, integrate meaningful public participation, and adopt a preventive legal approach to prevent further environmental degradation.

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