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Penentuan Spektrum pada Variasi Graf Barbel Putri, Neli Septiana; Rosyida, Isnaini
Euler : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi Volume 13 Issue 3 December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/euler.v13i3.33968

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the determination of the spectrum of barbell graph variations, where the variations are made by modifying the number of nodes on the bridge between complete graphs in a barbell structure. The spectrum contains the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of the barbell graph variations along with their multiplicities. The analysis is conducted manually using linear algebra approaches such as cofactor expansion, characteristic polynomial factorization, the rational root theorem, and Horner’s scheme. The results are then validated using Python programming. The findings of this study show that the longer and more complex the bridge connecting the two complete graphs, the greater the diversity of eigenvalues produced. The spectrum of the barbell graph B(n,1)B(n, 1)B(n,1) consists of the eigenvalues λ1,n−1,λ2,−1,λ3\lambda_1, n - 1, \lambda_2, -1, \lambda_3λ1,n−1,λ2,−1,λ3 with multiplicities 1,1,1,2n−3,11, 1, 1, 2n - 3, 11,1,1,2n−3,1. Furthermore, the spectrum of the barbell graph B(n,2)B(n, 2)B(n,2) consists of the eigenvalues λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,−1,λ5,λ6\lambda_1, \lambda_2, \lambda_3, \lambda_4, -1, \lambda_5, \lambda_6λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,−1,λ5,λ6 with multiplicities 1,1,1,1,2n−4,11, 1, 1, 1, 2n - 4, 11,1,1,1,2n−4,1, respectively. This research provides theoretical contributions regarding the relationship between complex graph structures and their spectral representations.
Digital Transformation Drives Banking Financial Performance Evidence from Indonesia: Transformasi Digital Mendorong Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan di Indonesia Nova, Amellia; Darmayanti, Novi; Rosyida, Isnaini Anniswati
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13999

Abstract

This study examines determinants of banking financial performance in the context of post-pandemic recovery and digital economy transition. General Background: The Indonesian banking sector experienced structural shifts during 2021–2024 due to digitalization, regulatory changes, and competitive pressures. Specific Background: Strategic Performance Measurement System (SPMS), Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure (ERMD), and digital transformation are considered key managerial and governance mechanisms influencing financial outcomes. Knowledge Gap: Prior studies largely analyze these variables separately, with limited integrated evidence and inconsistent findings, particularly in Indonesian banking during the post-pandemic period. Aims: This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial relationships of SPMS, ERMD, and digital transformation on financial performance, proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), with firm size as a control variable. Results: Using panel data regression with 180 observations from 45 banks, the findings reveal that SPMS and ERMD do not show significant relationships with financial performance, while digital transformation demonstrates a significant positive relationship. Simultaneously, all variables contribute significantly, although the explanatory power remains limited (Adjusted R² = 0.0921). Novelty: This study integrates strategic measurement, risk disclosure, and digital capability within a single analytical framework during the 2021–2024 transition period. Implications: The findings highlight digital capability as a dominant driver of banking profitability, suggesting that integrated digital transformation strategies are essential for sustaining competitiveness in the digital economy. Highlights• Digital capability shows the strongest statistical relationship with profitability indicators• Disclosure-based mechanisms display non-significant statistical relationships• Combined model explains financial variation despite limited explanatory power KeywordsDigital Transformation; Financial Performance; Banking Sector; Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure; Strategic Performance Measurement System
Central Bank Digital Currency Adoption Determinants in Developing Countries: Determinan Adopsi Central Bank Digital Currency di Negara Berkembang Auliya, Elena; Darmayanti, Novi; Rosyida, Isnaini Anniswati
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14004

Abstract

General Background: The rapid digital transformation of financial systems has accelerated the development of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) as a strategic instrument in modern monetary policy and payment systems. Specific Background: In developing countries such as Indonesia and Nigeria, CBDC adoption varies due to differences in implementation stages, financial ecosystems, and public readiness. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies predominantly focus on technological and macroeconomic determinants, with limited integration of financial literacy, monetary policy accountability, and trust in financial authorities within a unified cross-country model. Aims: This study aims to examine the role of financial literacy, monetary policy accountability, and trust in financial authorities in shaping CBDC adoption using a mixed method approach. Results: The findings reveal that financial literacy and trust exhibit negative and significant relationships with CBDC adoption, reflecting increased public critical awareness of risks, while monetary policy accountability shows a positive and significant relationship. Simultaneously, all variables significantly explain CBDC adoption with high explanatory power (Adjusted R² = 0.962083). Novelty: This study integrates cognitive, institutional, and psychological dimensions in a cross-country analysis, providing a multidimensional perspective on CBDC adoption in developing economies. Implications: The results suggest that CBDC implementation requires comprehensive and adaptive policies emphasizing public trust, transparency, and risk communication beyond technological readiness. Highlights• Financial literacy relates negatively to adoption due to heightened risk awareness• Monetary governance transparency strengthens acceptance of digital currency systems• Trust deficits remain a critical barrier in early-stage implementation contexts KeywordsCentral Bank Digital Currency; Financial Literacy; Monetary Policy Accountability; Trust In Financial Authorities; Developing Countries
Strengthening problem-solving competence of vocational high school students through a deep learning approach integrated with digitalization of mathematics learning Pujiastuti, Emi; Rosyida, Isnaini; Sugiman
Al-Jabar: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Vol 17 No 2 (2026): Al-Jabar: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Intan Lampung, INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/ajpm.v17i2.311288

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the implementation of digitalized mathematics learning integrated with digital assessment and the Deep Learning approach to support the development of problem-solving competence among Grade X vocational high school students and to evaluate teachers’ readiness to implement the instructional innovation. Method: A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was employed. The study was conducted in five vocational high schools in Central Java, Indonesia. Initial trials were carried out at SVHS 1 Demak and SVHS 1 Pekalongan, followed by field implementation at SVHS Moenadi Ungaran, SVHS 8 Semarang, and SVHS 5 Kendal. Quantitative data were collected through problem-solving competence assessments and teacher performance evaluations, while qualitative data were gathered through interviews, observations, and documentation. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, and one-sample t-tests, whereas qualitative data were analyzed through coding, categorization, and thematic interpretation. Findings: Students demonstrated consistently high levels of problem-solving competence across participating schools, with mean scores ranging from 81.44 to 84.94. Teachers also showed strong readiness to develop and implement digitalized mathematics learning, achieving a mean performance score of 86.36, which was significantly higher than the predetermined criterion score. Qualitative findings revealed positive teacher acceptance, active student engagement, and favorable perceptions of the learning experience, although limited internet accessibility remained a practical challenge. Significance: The findings indicate that integrating digitalized mathematics learning, digital assessment, and the principles of Mindful Learning, Meaningful Learning, and Joyful Learning can support problem-solving competence in vocational mathematics education. This study contributes empirical evidence to technology-enhanced mathematics learning and provides practical guidance for implementing student-centered and digitally supported instruction in vocational schools.