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All Journal Indonesian Perspective Andalas Journal of International Studies Jurnal Kewarganegaraan Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) Indonesian Perspective HISTORIA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science Journal of Political And Legal Sovereignty Jurnal Hubungan Internasional MONDIAL Harmonization
Peni Hanggarini
Universitas Paramadina, Jakarta, Indonesia
Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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NEGATIVE PEACE KONFLIK AZERBAIJAN DAN ARMENIA DI KAWASAN NAGORNO-KARABAKH PADA 2023-2024 Firdaus, Muhammad Ikhsan; Anggresti, Refatika; Hanggarini, Peni
Mondial: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 2, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Al-azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/mondial.v2i2.4869

Abstract

Sejak 1988 Nagorno-Karabakh menjadi wilayah rebutan antara Azerbaijan dengan Armenia. Penelitian ini mengkaji konsep negative peace dalam konflik Azerbaijan-Armenia pasca serangan terakhir Azerbaijan pada 20 September 2023, yang dimana serangan ini memenangkan Azerbaijan, dan membuat Azerbaijan kembali menguasai Nagorno-Karabakh. Azerbaijan berupaya merebut kembali Nagorno-Karabakh untuk memulihkan kedaulatan, sementara Armenia melakukannya demi kepentingan etnis dan stabilitas domestik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan mempelajari dokumen, yang tersedia. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa konflik ini masih berada pada fase negative peace, kondisi dimana kekerasan berhenti, tapi tanpa menyelesaikan akar masalah konflik Nagorno-Karabakh. Belum adanya sistem, atau kesepakatan damai antara Azerbaijan dengan Armenia juga membuat konflik ini masih pada tahap negative peace.
Intervensi China dalam Mediasi Perdamaian Arab Saudi dengan Iran Laksana, Canta Bayu; Hanggarini, Peni
Mondial: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 2, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Al-azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/mondial.v2i2.4390

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze China’s intervention in mediating peace between Saudi Arabia and Iran. The discussion focuses on China's soft power strategy as a mediator between these two Middle Eastern countries, which have long experienced tense relations. This issue is considered significant, as the success of the mediation not only affects regional stability but also reflects shifting global power dynamics and highlights China's growing role in international geopolitics. The research adopts a qualitative method, employing Joseph Nye’s soft power theory as an analytical framework to understand how China builds its influence through non-coercive means, particularly economic cooperation and diplomacy. Data were collected through literature review and analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques. The findings indicate that China’s success as a mediator is largely attributed to its economic diplomacy and neutral stance, which fostered trust from both parties. These results underscore the importance of soft power in expanding global influence and present a viable alternative to conflict resolution that does not rely on military force. This study contributes to the field of international relations and Middle Eastern geopolitics by emphasizing the necessity of strengthening non-coercive diplomacy as a means to maintain regional stability and build long-term peace.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Banyu Perwita Anggresti, Refatika Asep Darmawan Firdaus, Muhammad Ikhsan Handayani, Tia Fatihah I Wayan Midhio Laksana, Canta Bayu M. Adnan Madjid Madjid, M. Adnan Muhamad Idris Sambuaga, Theo Shienlia, Mega SULISTYAWATI, Laeny Syaiful Anwar Syaima Syaima Syaima, Syaima Taufik Bagus Murdianto Tia Fatihah Handayani Wiranto, Surya Wisnu Wardhana, Riza Wildansyah Yusgiantoro, Purnomo