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The Effect of The Bio-Inspired Airfoil NACA 4415 at High Reynolds Number Siswanto, Saphira Anggraita; Julian, James; Wahyuni, Fitri; Purba, Riki Hendra; Madhudhu, Fathin Muhammad; Armadani, Elvi
JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) Vol 10, No 2: Desember 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Sukabumi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The topic of airfoil modification and its impact on aerodynamic performance is a highly debated issue in aerospace engineering circles. This study examines the effect of the NACA 4415 bio-inspired nose airfoil on its aerodynamic performance by adding spinner dolphin and roughtoothed dolphin geometries to the leading edge using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method at a Reynolds number of Re = 106. Simulations were conducted to analyze changes in the lift coefficient (Cl), drag coefficient (Cd), and moment coefficient (Cm), which serve as indicators of aerodynamic performance and stability. The results show that the baseline NACA 4415 airfoil produces the highest lift and the lowest drag overall, making it suitable for applications requiring maximum lift and minimum drag. Spinner dolphins has a smaller percentage increase in Cd, at 41.933%, compared to the baseline. In contrast, roughtoothed dolphins with an average percentage of 56.004% compared to the baseline exhibit a higher percentage increase in Cd. Conversely, in the Cl data, the percentage decreased in   dolphins has a larger average, namely -14.607%, compared to the baseline, whereas the spinner dolphin type only has an average of -8.713%. In the Cm data, the Roughtoothed Dolphin and Spinner Dolphin have higher and more stable Cm than NACA 4415. This study confirms that bio-inspired modifications can significantly impact aerodynamic performance, depending on operating conditions.
Design and Performance Testing of a 3D Printed Mini DC Powered Pump for Microbubble Generator Tulus Hidayat Yusanto; James Julian; Fitri Wahyuni; Adi Winarta; I Wayan Marlon Managi
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i4.5078

Abstract

Centrifugal pumps are the most commonly utilized in industries, agriculture, and households. In the microbubble generator, the centrifugal pump is driven by a DC motor for efficiency. This research was conducted to determine the optimal centrifugal pump design for microbubble generators using 3D-printed PLA material. The pump drive uses a brushless DC motor. With impeller dimensions r1=16mm, r2=26mm, beta1=46.8, beta2=62.8, and number of blades = 8, the resulting head is 2m at a constant operational current of 3A and a flowrate of 0 L/m. The same operational current input yields a maximum flow rate of 14 L/min with a head of 0.5 m. Maximum head exists when there is no liquid on the outlet side. At current >= 6.5A, there is a deviation from the previously formed trend. The input power of 58W is generated when the maximum flow rate is 25L/m. Maximum efficiency can be achieved as the input current increases to <= 6.5A and 18L/m. At conditions >= 6.5A, efficiency decreases drastically as the input current increases. This centrifugal pump design can work optimally at a constant input current of 6.5A with an input power 58W for the microbubble generator.
The Influence of Mounting Angle on Gurney Flap on The Aerodynamics Performance of NACA 0015 Using CFD Method Mirza Fauzan Lukiano; James Julian; Fitri Wahyuni; Waridho Iskandar
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i4.5094

Abstract

Improving the airfoil aerodynamics is quite an essential aspect of the aviation industry. One method for improving airfoil aerodynamics involves applying passive flow control techniques. The effect of using the gurney flap as passive flow control was explored through the CFD approach with the RANS control equation and incorporating k-epsilon as a turbulence model. The airfoil model utilized in this study was the NACA 0015 airfoil operating at a Reynolds number of 1×106. This study explored three different mounting angles of the gurney flap, namely 45°, 60°, and 90°. The outcomes show that adding the gurney flap has positive results in increasing the lift and drag of the NACA 0015. An airfoil with a mounting angle flap of 45° has an average percentage increase in Cl of 23%, followed by a mounting angle flap of 60°, which is 28%, and a percentage Cl of 45% for a mounting angle flap of 90°. Meanwhile, Gurney flaps with a mounting angle of 45° can increase Cd by an average percentage of 3%, while mounting angle flap at 60° increases the Cd percentage by 4% and 5% for a mounting angle of 90°. Moreover, fluid flow visualization with pressure and velocity contours was given at AoA 10º to determine its effect on increasing lift and drag on the NACA 0015 airfoil.
Leading Edge Modification of NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 Inspired by Beluga Whale James Julian; Waridho Iskandar; Fitri Wahyuni
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i2.5447

Abstract

This research modifies the leading-edge structure of NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 to resemble the nose of a beluga whale. The focus of this modification is to improve the airfoil's aerodynamic performance and investigate the changing fluid flow patterns. Numerical equation used is RANS combined with the k-epsilon turbulence model. Mesh independence test shows that mesh with 200 elements is the best mesh. Validation results reveal that CFD data can follow the trend of experimental data, especially on the AoA before the stall. There was a significant increase in Cl from NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 at AoA>9°. On the other hand, the modification also had a positive effect by lowering the Cd value. The modification also provides an advantage by increasing the maximum Cl/Cd value. Furthermore, the separation point data shows that the modification can delay the separation of the fluid flow in the airfoil. Modifications can cause an increase in pressure on the lower side and a decrease in pressure on the upper side. Through velocity contours and streamlines, the modifications can reduce the recirculation area. Overall, modifying the leading edge has positive impacts on the NACA 0015 and NACA 4415 airfoils.
Influence of Slat Size Variation as Passive Flow Control Instruments on NACA 4415 Airfoil Toward Aerodynamic Performance James Julian; Rizki Aldi Anggara; Fitri Wahyuni
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v8i2.5468

Abstract

Airfoil is a fundamental geometry in designing various aerodynamic objects. Passive flow control installation is essential in determining the airfoil's aerodynamic performance. The influence of variations in slat size as a passive flow control instrument is analyzed using the CFD method with a Reynold number of Re= 10^6. NACA 6641 airfoil was used as the slat geometry with size variations of 10%c and 16%c. Based on the computational results, variations in slat size have a substantial influence on the aerodynamic efficiency of the airfoil. Variations in slat size additional Cl ability to reach 20.6043% and 13.1917%, respectively. In addition, a 16%c slat can delay a stall until it reaches AoA >= 19°. Meanwhile, a 10%c slat can delay a stall until it reaches AoA >= 17°. However, variations in slat size also affect the resulting drag force. Slat measuring 16%c can addition Cd up to 50.9252%. Meanwhile, 10% c slat additional Cd up to 21.8389%. Based on the resulting lift-to-drag ratio curve, a 10%c slat has the lowest lift-to-drag ratio compared to a 16%c slat. However, a 10%c slat has the highest level of stability when compared to a 16%c slat installation and without a slat installation.
Aerodynamics Improvement of NACA 0015 by Using Co-Flow Jet James Julian; Waridho Iskandar; Fitri Wahyuni
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v7i4.5557

Abstract

This study analyzes co-flow as active flow control in the object of the airfoil. NACA 0015 is the airfoil used in this study. The airfoil was then modified to add co-flow jet features. Co-flow jet was placed on the upper chamber to analyze its effect on airfoil performance. Further, the Co-flow jet was studied by varying the injected mass flow rate () in the injection slot. The variation of is 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25 kg/s. The study used CFD with the governing equation RANS. Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes combined with turbulence model to solve all equations. Two equations for the turbulence model are used in this study. Specifically, this study discusses the aerodynamics of the airfoil, i.e., lift force, drag force, and fluid flow visualization, such as pressure contour and velocity contour. Co-flow jets can improve the aerodynamics of airfoils. The bigger the injected, the higher the lift coefficient increases. On the other hand, the drag force will be reduced as the number of injected fluid flow increases. Because of that, the airfoil efficiency will be better if using a co-flow jet. However, the Cl/Cdcurve peak shifts to smaller as the injection fluid flow are bigger. The fluid flow visualization by velocity contour on AoA=20° revealed that the co-flow jet could overcome separation.
Effect of Single Slat and Double Slat on Aerodynamic Performance of NACA 4415 James Julian; Waridho Iskandar; Fitri Wahyuni; Armansyah; Ferdyanto
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v7i2.5626

Abstract

This study uses a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. The main object in this study is NACA 4415 with slat variations. The airfoil used as the slat is Eppler 421. Reynolds number in this study is 3Í106. This study uses an unstructured mesh with a triangular cell shape with 137824 elements. The use of slats can improve the aerodynamic performance of NACA 4415. NACA 4415 without slat stalled at AoA=16º. Stall on airfoils with a single slat and double slat occurred at AoA=20º. Slat can increase Cl in NACA 4415; however, the difference in Cl increase is not much different when using a single slat or double slat. An airfoil with a single slat, on average, can increase Cl by 20.9129%. The average increase in Cl for an airfoil with a double slat is 25.6878%. Single slat and double slat increase Cd. A single slat increased Cd with an average increase of 26.1109%, and the average increase in Cd for airfoils with double slat was 54.6152%. Single slat can produce a better Cl to Cd ratio than double slat, but the optimum AoA of double slat is 1º higher than single slat. Visualization of fluid flow at AoA=16° shows the fluid flow separation in the airfoil without a slat. The fluid flow separation can be handled well when NACA 4415 is given a single slat or double slat.
Numerical Analysis of Mass Flow Rate Effect for 18650 Lithium-ion Battery Modules Thermal Management with Liquid Cooling System Fourlando, Rainer Samuel; Julian, James; Wahyuni, Fitri; Purba, Riki Hendra; Madhudhu, Fathin Muhammad; Armadani, Elvi
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/angkasa.v18i1.3503

Abstract

Effective thermal management is critical for the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries. This study numerically investigates a liquid cooling system with a mini-channel cold plate, focusing on how different coolant ṁ affect the thermal performance of an 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. Simulations were conducted using three mass flow rate (ṁ) 0.0001, 0.0003, and 0.0005 kg/s to evaluate their impact on maximum temperature (Tmax) and temperature difference (ΔT). Results show that increasing the ṁ significantly lowers the battery's maximum temperature. besides, increasing the ṁ will cause a higher pressure drop. All configurations successfully maintained excellent temperature uniformity, keeping the temperature difference well below the critical 5°C threshold. Therefore, this study confirms the system's effectiveness and highlights the necessity of optimizing (ṁ) based on the trade-off between thermal efficieny and pressure drop for designing reliable battery thermal management systems.
NUMERICAL STUDY ON THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF MINI-CHANNEL COOLING ON CYLINDRICAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY COOLING SYSTEM Ermadani, Elvi; Julian, James; Adhitama, Bima Rakha; Wahyuni, Fitri; Purba, Riki Hendra; Mahdhudhu, Fathin Muhammad; Winarta, Adi
Logic : Jurnal Rancang Bangun dan Teknologi Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Unit Publikasi Ilmiah, P3M, Politeknik Negeri Bali

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Abstract

This study investigates how a liquid-based cooling configuration influences the thermal behavior of a cylindrical lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack through numerical analysis. The work underscores the crucial role of proper thermal regulation to maintain operational safety and prolong battery lifespan in high-demand applications such as electric vehicles (EVs). Three cooling-channel diameters—4, 6, and 8 mm—were examined under a 5C discharge condition. The findings indicate that the 8 mm channel offers the most advantageous performance, delivering the lowest maximum temperature, quicker thermal stabilization, and improved temperature uniformity. Conversely, the 4 mm channel resulted in elevated peak temperatures and a temperature gradient (ΔT) of 8.3 °C, which may intensify hotspot formation and accelerate cell degradation. Overall, the results emphasize the importance of selecting an appropriate cooling-channel diameter to effectively mitigate thermal stress.
Co-Authors Achmad Zuchriadi Ade Fikri Fauzi Adhitama, Bima Rakha Adi Winarta, Adi Akmal, Reza Najmi Aldi Anggara, Rizki Anggara, Rizki Aldi Anggie Topan Wijaya Annastya Bagas Dewantara Anton Prabowo Armadani, Elvi Wijaya Armansyah Armansyah Armansyah Armansyah Armansyah Bagas Dewantara, Annastya Billad, Rayhan Fariansyah Budiarso Budiarso, Budiarso Bunga, Nely Toding Demo Putra Demo Putra Desta Sandya Prasvita Dewantara, Annastya Bagas Dwi Yulia Handayani Elvi Armadani Elvi Armadani Elvi Ermadani Ermadani, Elvi Faiz Daffa Ulhaq Farha, Auditya Fathin Madhudhu Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu Fauzi, Ade Fikri Ferdyanto Ferdyanto, Ferdyanto Firdaus, Talitha Fatiha Fitri Wahyuni Fitri Wahyuni Fitri Wahyuni Fitri Wahyuni Fourlando, Rainer Samuel Gunasti, Nabilah Dwi Hadinata, Tri Hapidzha, Putty Harinaldi . I Wayan Marlon Managi I Wayan, Marlon Managi Idris Marbawi Iskandar, Waridho Junaedi, Thomas Juri Saedon Kasih Prihantoro Lomo Mula Tua Lumbantoruan, Regina Lumbantoruan, Regina Natalindah Madhudhu, Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu, Fathin Muhammad Marbawi, Idris Miftahul Jannah Mirza Fauzan Lukiano Mufti Ahmad Fadilah Nandy Putra Naufal, Ridwan Daris Nisa, Rasya Aulia Nathania Nisa, Raysa Oktavia, Nana Triana Parker Stefan, Parker Patrick, Juan Prabowo, Anton Dwi Prakoso, Lukman Yudho Prasetyo, Eko Andi Purba, Riki Hendra Putty Fauthyda Zahra Hapidzha Ramadhani, Rifqi Rasya Aulia Nathania Nisa Reda Rizal Revan Difitro, Revan Ridwan Daris Naufal Rifqi Ramadhani Riki Hendra Purba Riki Purba Rivai, Mokhammad Bahtiar Rizki Aldi Anggara Rizki Aldi Anggara Rizki Anggara, Rizki Rudy Sutanto Saphira Anggraita Siswanto Sari, Rena Satria, Muhammad Fari Sedeq, Khalees Siswanto, Saphira Anggraita Toding Bunga, Nely Topan, Anggie Wijaya Tri Hadinata Tua, Lomo Mula Tulus Hidayat Yusanto Ulfa Hanifah Nurhaliza Ulhaq, Faiz Daffa Waridho Iskandar Waridho Iskandar Yuliana, Sekar Zackharia Rialmi