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Journal : Agrointek

Karakteristik edible coating gel Aloe vera dengan fortifikasi bawang putih sebagai antimikroba Jefri Pandu Hidayat; Hammada Alfafa Romadhona; Ni’matus Sholihah; Siti Munfarida
AGROINTEK Vol 17, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v17i3.14607

Abstract

Aloe vera-based edible coating consists of hydrocolloids that have potential research to optimate the biodegradable bushing. Meanwhile, the process of edible coating Aloe vera characterization is still the mind concept. The investigation Aloe vera edible coating Aloe vera- is concluded lifetime storage  which `still in development. Optimization of storage tight to surrounding microbial contamination. Adding antimicrobial matter that can sustain food precursors is one concept of packaging bio-transformation. Onion powder has antioxidant goods to be fathomed to increase the characteristic of edible coating.The aim research was determined the optimum formulation to get foremost option of biodegredable packaging technology by fortification method. The derivation viscosity model was added by first-order differential. Mixing with 2% w/v onion powder and Aloe vera suspension with five ratio variables (A-E) revisited the viscosity effect against storage time and microbial growth. Hereafter, the solution's impact over in simple modulation inhibits Aspergillus niger and common bacterial at ambient growth. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. In five days, the suspension shows decreasing viscosity. Stable at 40 cp on control variable without any addition after days. Onion powder fortified in the suspension depicts bacterial growth at 12 hours. Afterward, the zone of accretion bacterial is uncontrol. The best option for edible coating by water and Aloe vera is an equal ratio of either A. Niger and common bacteria up to 16 hours saving time. All storage at the ambient temperature of 28ºC. Further research on suspension Aloe vera edible coating needs to compare the other microbial substance addiction. Furthermore, the application to foodstuffs is a potential discussion of edible coating research.
Fermentasi biji durian khas Kalimantan sebagai pengganti tepung terigu dengan metode perendaman berseri Jefri Pandu Hidayat; Siti Munfarida; Asful Hariyadi
AGROINTEK Vol 19, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v19i1.21756

Abstract

Durian seed modification is aimed at increasing the functional properties of a wheat flour alternative. The research combined immersion in Na2S2O5 and fermentation using L. plantarum solution. The influence among the solid consistency, starter concentration, and time process variable by Complete Randomized Design (RAL) duplicate experiment to get superlative condition. Runge-Kutta (RK) third-order method used the kinetic modeling algorithm. The RK solver was completed using the optimization solver in Ms. Excel 2021. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using Minitab 18.1. The functional properties parameters were measured consisting of carbonyl, carboxyl, degree of substitution, swelling power, solubility, water and oil absorption. The maximum specific growth rate of L. plantarum was 1.902/hours and the brown pigment degradation rate was 0.0016/minutes. It showed that the best form for time preliminary process was 120 minutes. It is followed by a raw material consistency of 15% (w/v), a starter concentration of 5% (v/v) at 24-hour fermentation. At the best process condition, the modified durian seed flour have carboxyl content 1.028%, carbonyl 0.48%, degree of substitution 0.078, swelling power 8.5 g/g, water solubility 7.64%, water and oil absorption capacity, 162.43% and 28.81% respectively. Whereas the functional properties are still not close to commercial wheat flour SNI 3751:2018. Hereafter, the parametric using growth model was expressed for the future bio-reactor design.
Optimasi proses degumming minyak sawit mentah (DRPO) dengan response surface methodology (RSM) berbasis central composte design (CCD) Jefri Pandu Hidayat; Rizka Lestari; Siti Munfarida; Andini Angelina Putri; Adrian Prananda Putra; Fidela Chosta; Ahmad Maulidi
AGROINTEK Vol 19, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v19i2.26063

Abstract

Crude palm oil (CPO) is widely used in various processed food products, especially cooking oil. Refining cooking oil involves high heating temperatures and the addition of bleaching earth, which aims to remove the sap and brown-red color. As a result, it can eliminate the carotene, which is not functionally used for good human metabolism. This research aims to remove sap and impurities in CPO by analyzing the optimal operation of heating temperature (60-80 °C) and phosphoric acid concentration (0.5-2 ml) and comparing the functional group change on the degumming process. The analytical method used was Response Surface Technology (RSM) by Central Composite Design (CCD) at Design Expert 12, which used carotene, density, and free fatty acid (FFA) responses. The results are optimal variables on heating temperature 80 °C and 2 ml of phosphoric acid concentration. The result of %FFA in DRPO was 1.917 %, the carotene was 381,350 ppm, and the density was 0.909 g/l. Heating temperature influences the FFA content, which is an important consideration. Higher temperatures can lead to an increase in FFA content. Indeed, lipase activation significantly affects the FFA content by accelerating the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Apart from that, the addition of phosphoric acid affects the increase in FFA due to the non-reaction of phosphoric acid. The physicochemical characteristics of palm oil after the degumming process have not changed significantly, with the density before and after the degumming process still being in the range of (0.909–0.912) g/l. Group bonds have no change because the C-H and C=O group bonds in the main triglyceride compound. It requires a lot of energy to break the triglyceride cluster chains. The preliminary FFA model was revealed y=0.169\left(T\right)-0.1064\left(V\right)-1.5 to degummed reactor design, further.
Pemanfaatan sumber daya lokal biji karet sebagai amplifikasi protein es krim mellorine dengan pengemulsi CMC Hidayat, Jefri Pandu; Pusfitasari, Memik Dian; Gunawan, Ryan Ananda Dwi; Fahlevi, Riza
AGROINTEK Vol 19, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v19i3.25663

Abstract

Rubber plants in East Kalimantan have a great plantation area 123,460 ha consisting of smallholder 95,240 ha, large state 3,630, and large private 25,638 hectares, with a total production of 55,690 tons. The abundant production of rubber plants in East Kalimantan is still utilized in the tree trunk part as raw material for making latex. The rubber seeds as dregs have not been optimally utilized. Rubber seeds are relatively high in nutrition, especially protein content 16.33%, 21.6% fat, and 30.9% carbohydrates. The rubber seeds are less optimally used due to high HCN levels. The possibility diversification of rubber seed is employing the mellorine ice cream. This study aims to analyze the decreasing HCN levels in the boiling time of rubber seeds at (0, 30, 60, 90, and 100 minute) and formulation of rubber seed and water ratio (A1-3:1); (A2-1,5:1); (A3-1:1) by complete randomized design (CRD) on proximate and organoleptic properties. It was found by ANOVA that the proportion of ingredients did not affect the organoleptic color and aroma but significantly swayed the texture and taste. The organoleptic scale is (0-5) and is not within the very likely criteria. The ratio prescription influences mellorine ice cream's physicochemical, where the more rubber seeds used, the higher proximate levels. The best formulation is A1 (3:1), where it gets an organoleptic value of color (4.25), aroma (3.5), texture (4.00), taste (4.40), 0.127% ash content, fat 8.36%, protein 1.57%, carbohydrate 9.08 %, and crude fibre 0.50%. Ultimately, the rubber seeds can be processed into protein source materials for mellorine ice cream, but the protein is still below SNI standards. A modification method is needed to release HCN but does not cause excessive protein denaturation.
Penentuan kondisi optimal operasi deodorisasi bertahap untuk memaksimalkan retensi karoten dalam produksi minyak sawit merah (RPO) Hidayat, Jefri Pandu; Munfarida, Siti; Lestari, Rizka; Hariyadi, Asful; Putra, Adrian Prananda; Putri, Andini Angelina; Maulidi, Ahmad
AGROINTEK Vol 20, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v20i1.25867

Abstract

Red palm oil (RPO) is an intermediate superfood derived from palm oil, with the potential to reduce stunting and supply sustainable phytonutrients aligned with SDGs 4 in Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), East Kalimantan. RPO contains significantly higher carotene levels than commercial oils which is produced through physical modification processes to remove phospholipids and palm distinctive smell by beta-ionone. This study focuses on optimizing the deodorization process that removing impurity and volatile compounds. The optimization used Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD) across 13 experimental runs, varying two key parameter temperature (118–133°C) and heating time (238–253 minutes). The novelty of deodorization process using multi-flash autovaporization by lower temperature for better preserve carotene. The effects on carotene content, free fatty acids (FFA), and density were analyzed using Design Expert 13 software. The optimal condition was found at 120°C for 240 minutes, resulting in 280 ppm carotene, 1.11% FFA, and a density of 0.948 g/cm³. The carotene kinetic model has been foundwhere X is temperature and Y is time. Statistical and graphical analysis confirmed that the final product met Indonesian standards SNI 3741:2013 and 9098:2022, which require FFA below 5% and carotene above 30 ppm.
Optimasi formula plasticizer gliserol dan filler carboxymethyl cellulose terhadap kekuatan mekanik pada biodegradable film packaging berbasis pati singkong Munfarida, Siti; Kumalaningrum, Amalia Nur; Putri, Nita Ariestiana; Hidayat, Jefri Pandu; Yuniar, Rizka Ayu; Naibaho, Lasma Barbara
AGROINTEK Vol 20, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v20i1.28410

Abstract

The use of conventional plastics, which are difficult to degrade, has caused serious environmental problems, necessitating alternatives in the form of biodegradable plastics (bioplastics). Biofilms are anticipated to address social issues in line with the 12th SDG goal, namely the management and reduction of packaging waste generated daily. By utilizing abundant local cassava starch, the produced biofilms are anticipated to possess good mechanical properties and low water absorption, making them a potential eco-friendly alternative for food packaging while supporting the use of local resources. This study aims to develop cassava starch-based biofilms as environmentally friendly packaging by optimizing the formulation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and glycerol. The research employs cassava starch as the primary matrix, CMC as a filler to enhance mechanical properties, and glycerol as a plasticizer to improve the flexibility of the biofilm. The research methods include cassava starch extraction, mixing of materials with stirring and heating, and drying the gel into a biofilm. The biofilm's characteristics were analyzed through tensile strength and elongation tests. The results showed that the formula with a cassava starch concentration of 15 grams, 1% CMC, and 6% glycerol yielded the highest tensile strength value of 1.56 MPa, meeting the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) for edible films (≥ 0.392 MPa). The best elongation value reached 199.6%, demonstrating excellent flexibility according to JIS and Indonesian National Standards (SNI). This study indicates that the appropriate combination and concentration of materials can produce biofilms with the potential to replace conventional plastics, support environmental sustainability, and optimally utilize local resources