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Linear Regression Analysis on Fluid Flow Rate in Tank Level Control Rahayu, Puji; Ronald Sukwadi; Yahya, Agung Kurnia; Nurmalasari, Enny; Aini, Apsari Puspita
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i3.1555

This research was conducted to study the effect of pump speed on changes in fluid levels in the tank and linear regression analysis of fluid flow. The variation used is a 4 mm solenoid and a variable pump speed range of 30-50%. The results of increasing the level at a pump speed of 32% obtained a level of 82 mm and a pump speed of 50% obtained a level of 149.9 mm, with fluid flow rotation occurring in the first minute. In addition, the determination calculation uses actual fluid level data at time 0 seconds (n=1), time 60.27 seconds (n=30), and time 180 seconds (n=61), with a fluid level value of 1 mm, 118 mm, and 141 mm. So the determination evaluation (R2) obtained is 0.863, which indicates that the model is included in the high tolerance category. So this indicates that the PID controller in this series of piping system equipment is still suitable for use because in the recording of the fluid flow data obtained no significant gaps were found. Apart from that, it can also be seen that the pump speed affects the fluid flow rate due to the change in mechanical energy into kinetic energy which pushes the fluid towards the tank. Process time also influences changes in fluid levels in the tank as a result.

Perbandingan Hasil Biofoam dari Limbah Kulit Jagung dan Ampas Tebu Menggunakan Metode Pressing dan Screening Nurillahi, Resi; Mesa, Nazwa Ananda; Putra, Reski Lediyo; Nurmalasari, Enny; Khairati, Miftahul; Baroza, Andika
Journal Warta AKAB Vol 48, No 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Politeknik AKA Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55075/wa.v48i2.244

Kemasan yang tidak ramah lingkungan menjadi suatu masalah yang saat ini berkembang dengan bertambahnya populasi manusia. Penggunaan styrofoam sebagai bahan kemasan buah sekali pakai menimbulkan limbah yang cukup banyak dan pembakaran styrofoam menimbulkan gas berbahaya seperti styrene, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), dan karbon monoksida. Beberapa inovasi telah digunakan untuk menggantikan Styrofoam sebagai kemasan makanan salah satunya mengganti polimer buatan sebagai bahan baku kemasan dengan polimer alami yang lebih aman dan degradable. Pada penelitian ini digunakan ampas tebu dan kulit jagung sebagai bahan baku untuk membuat biofoam dengan metode screening dan metode thermopressing. Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji karakteristik biofoam yang dihasilkan dari perbedaan metode pembuatan. Tahapan pembuatan Biofoam dimulai dengan membuat pulp masing-masing bahan baku dengan menggunakan larutan NaOH 0,1 M, dengan perbandingan antara serbuk ampas tebu dan NaOH 0,1 M yaitu 1:2 % b/v. Biofoam yang dihasilkan dianalisa dengan beberapa parameter uji yaitu Uji Organoleptik, Uji Daya Serap Air, Uji Biodegrability, Uji Kebocoran, Uji kuat Tarik. Hasil dari pembuatan biofoam dengan perbedaan metode pembuatan menunjukkan bahwa, hasil biofoam terbaik yaitu biofoam yang berasal dari kulit jagung dengan metode screening, hasil analisa organoleptic menujukkan bahwa permukaan yang dihasilkan lebih halus, memiliki daya serap air 24.33%, mengalami kerusakan 10% pada 15 hari pengamatan pada uji biodegrability, dan memiliki nilai kuat Tarik tertinggi yaitu 2.83 N/mm2. Biofoam dari kulit jagung dengan metode screening yang dihasilkan memiliki potensi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan variable lainnya.

PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PELARUT TERHADAP PROSES EKSTRAKSI BATANG SEREH (Cymbopogon citratus) Miftahurrahmah, Miftahurrahmah; Nurmalasari, Enny; Putra, Reski Lediyo; Maulana, Ihsan; Chairunnisak, Aula
JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNOLOGI INDSUTRI (SAINTI) Vol 20, No 1 (2023): VOL 20 NO 1 JUNI 2023
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52759/sainti.v20i1.202

The abundant benefits of essential oils have led to a significant increase in demand, prompting researchers to continuously explore this field to achieve optimal results. Various extraction methods can be employed to obtain essential oils. In this study, researchers used the maceration method with variations in several solvents as comparators. The resulting maceration filtrate was subsequently distilled to obtain pure essential oil, aiming to find an efficient process for essential oil production and identify the most suitable solvent for the production process. The solvents used were Methanol, Ethanol, n-Hexane, and Water. During the maceration method, a sample of 150 g lemongrass was prepared with a size of 1 cm and soaked in 1 L of solvent in a closed container for 24 hours. The filtrate was then distilled to obtain a pure product, which was further characterized using GC-MS. The research findings showed that essential oil was extracted most effectively by ethanol solvent, yielding 23.31 g, and the GC-MS analysis indicated that the lemongrass oil contained 25.75% Geraniol. It was concluded that Geraniol is more soluble in ethanol due to its closer polarity to the compounds within lemongrass oil, resulting in a higher yield compared to extractions using other solvents.

PENGARUH LAJU UMPAN MASUK DECANTER TERHADAP LOSSES WATER PHASE DAN SOLID PHASE Maulana, Akmal; Nurmalasari, Enny; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Nury, Dennis Farina
Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal - May 2025
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jtku.v14i1.20824

Decanter merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk mengutip kembali kandungan minyak yang masih terdapat di dalam sludge dengan metode sentrifugal. Jika decanter tidak bekerja dengan efisien, maka kadar air, minyak, dan solid akan meningkat, yang dapat merugikan pihak pabrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh laju alir umpan terhadap persentase kehilangan minyak di water phase dan solid phase pada decanter. Adapun variasi laju alir umpan yang digunakan adalah 21, 22, dan 23 ton/jam. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan laju alir umpan ke dalam decanter pada 21, 22, dan 23 ton/jam. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk menentukan losses pada water phase dan solid phase dari keluaran decanter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa losses pada solid phase tertinggi terjadi pada laju umpan 23 ton/jam dengan rata-rata selama seminggu sebesar 3,38%, sedangkan losses terendah terjadi pada laju umpan 21 ton/jam dengan rata-rata selama seminggu sebesar 3,27%. Ini menunjukkan bahwa laju umpan 21 ton/jam memiliki pemisahan antara minyak dan solid yang lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan laju umpan 23 ton/jam. Pada water phase, losses tertinggi terjadi pada laju umpan 23 ton/jam dengan rata-rata selama seminggu sebesar 0,81%, sedangkan losses terendah terjadi pada laju umpan 21 ton/jam dengan rata-rata selama seminggu sebesar 0,80%. Hasil ini sejalan dengan losses pada solid phase decanter.

The Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Bioplastic from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) using Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ulia, Hasnah; Samah, Selfa Dewati; Nurmalasari, Enny
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 7 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 7 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.7.387-395

Biodegradable plastics were continuously developed to replace non-degradable plastics. One type of bioplastic that was used was poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA). In this study, PHA was synthesized using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) and the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa through a fed-batch (aerobic–anaerobic) fermentation process over six days. The study aimed to evaluate the use of POME as the sole carbon source for PHA synthesis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa through a fed-batch aerobic–anaerobic fermentation process. The total substrate volumes used in this study were 30, 60, and 90% (v/v), which were gradually added (fed-batch) at rates of 5, 10, and 15% (v/v)/day over the six-day fermentation period. The analytical results showed significant reductions in BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), ammonia (NH3), and total suspended solids (TSS) after the fermentation process, indicating that organic and chemical compounds were degraded during fermentation. PHA production from POME showed that the maximum yield occurred on the third day, with 16.89 g/kg dry biomass and a PHA concentration of 9.089 wt% (1.53 g/kg) from a total substrate volume of 9 L. The fermentation process reached the exponential phase on the third day, declined on the fourth day, and stabilized by the sixth day, with an average yield of 5.248 wt%. Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that the produced PHA had a structure consistent with standard PHA. Further analysis of water absorption and biodegradability showed fluctuating results, with the best performance observed at a 5% concentration, indicating low water absorption and good biodegradability. In addition, the bioplastic produced had a tensile strength of 554.32 MPa and a modulus of elasticity of 5834.95 MPa.

Modification of Bentonite with Nano Silica Oxide (SiO₂) for the Purification Process of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Nurmalasari, Enny; Yahya, Agung Kurnia; Aini, Apsari Puspita; Ulia, Hasnah
MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Motivection : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering
Publisher : Indonesian Mechanical Electrical and Industrial Research Society (IMEIRS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46574/motivection.v7i3.448

The efficiency of β-carotene removal is a critical parameter in commercial refining, as it directly influences the overall process effectiveness; therefore, the selection of appropriate bleaching agents is crucial. The limited effectiveness of Bleaching Earth (BE) in refining crude palm oil (CPO) to meet color standards poses a challenge. To improve BE's performance, natural bentonite was modified with nano-SiO₂ through a facile-mixing method. Bentonite was modified with nano-SiO2 in concentrations of 5, 10, and 15% w/v, to assess the effectiveness of this modified bentonite in the CPO bleaching process. Bleaching was conducted at 90°C with a BE concentration of 0.5% w/v for 30 minutes. Characterization confirmed successful integration of modified Bentonite indicated by enhancing surface area. Bentonite modified with 15% nano-SiO2 showed a significant improvement in bleaching performance, reducing β-carotene content to 553.84 ppm compared to 630.36 ppm with unmodified bentonite. The red/yellow color value also decreased to 1.5/15 from the original CPO value of 2.1/21, along with a reduction in FFA value. The results of this study indicate that modifying bentonite with nano silica oxide offers a solution to reduce the amount of bentonite used in the bleaching process.

Evaluasi Indeks Tarik dan Indeks Sobek pada Bleaching Pulp: Pengaruh Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2), Klorin Dioksida (ClO2) dan Suhu Ulia, Hasnah; Nurmalasari, Enny; Yahya, Agung Kurnia; Rahayu, Puji
REACTOR: Journal of Research on Chemistry and Engineering Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52759/reactor.v5i1.110

Indonesia is one of the leading Pulp and paper producers globally, with an estimated annual growth rate of 3.5%. However, domestic production has not yet fully met the domestic needs and export demand for paper. Currently, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) are the primary bleaching agents used in Pulp and paper production. This research aims to evaluate the effects of H2O2, ClO2, and temperature on product quality parameters, specifically the tensile and tear indices. The variations of ClO2 used are 2%, 0.4%, and 0.7%; H2O2 concentrations are 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%; and the temperatures used are 75°C and 85°C. The study found that the addition of ClO2 at a concentration of 0.7% resulted in the highest tensile index of 76.9 N.m/g and a tear index of 3.5 m.N.m²/g. The addition of H2O2 at a concentration of 0.1% resulted in a tensile index of 83.9 N.m/g and a tear index of 9.4 m.N.m²/g. Temperature variations did not significantly affect the tensile and tear indices, with the tensile index reaching 9.35 m.N.m²/g. The addition of H2O2 is essential as it enhances the bleaching process and improves the mechanical properties of the Pulp, which is beneficial for optimizing bleaching conditions to enhance product quality, thus meeting both domestic needs and export demands

Evaluasi Indeks Tarik dan Indeks Sobek pada Bleaching Pulp: Pengaruh Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2), Klorin Dioksida (ClO2) dan Suhu Ulia, Hasnah; Nurmalasari, Enny; Yahya, Agung Kurnia; Rahayu, Puji
REACTOR: Journal of Research on Chemistry and Engineering Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52759/

Indonesia is one of the leading Pulp and paper producers globally, with an estimated annual growth rate of 3.5%. However, domestic production has not yet fully met the domestic needs and export demand for paper. Currently, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) are the primary bleaching agents used in Pulp and paper production. This research aims to evaluate the effects of H2O2, ClO2, and temperature on product quality parameters, specifically the tensile and tear indices. The variations of ClO2 used are 2%, 0.4%, and 0.7%; H2O2 concentrations are 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%; and the temperatures used are 75°C and 85°C. The study found that the addition of ClO2 at a concentration of 0.7% resulted in the highest tensile index of 76.9 N.m/g and a tear index of 3.5 m.N.m²/g. The addition of H2O2 at a concentration of 0.1% resulted in a tensile index of 83.9 N.m/g and a tear index of 9.4 m.N.m²/g. Temperature variations did not significantly affect the tensile and tear indices, with the tensile index reaching 9.35 m.N.m²/g. The addition of H2O2 is essential as it enhances the bleaching process and improves the mechanical properties of the Pulp, which is beneficial for optimizing bleaching conditions to enhance product quality, thus meeting both domestic needs and export demands.

Pembuatan Nata De Coco di Nagari Kamang Hilir Kabupaten Agam Sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Ulia, Hasnah; Aini, Apsari Puspita; Nurmalasari, Enny; Khairati, Miftahul; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Yahya , Agung Kurnia
Journal of Industrial Community Empowerment Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52759/jice.v2i1.190

Agam district has a coconut plantation of 56,744 hectares with an average production of 3,000 tons per year. Coconut water is one of the coconut plant products that has not been utilized optimally. Many benefits or new products that have a higher selling value use coconut water as a raw material. One of the products derived from coconut water that we consume daily is Nata de coco. Nata de coco has high fiber, but low in calories. Nata de coco can also be a business opportunity for the home industry. Based on the business opportunity from Nata de coco, The community service of Politeknik ATI Padang held the training of the production of Nata de coco to the women community in Kamang Hilir Village, Agam District, West Sumatera. The training was carried out on February 5, 2023 attended by 30 participants. The training began with the explanation about the materials and tools used in making Nata de coco. The main materials used were coconut water, urea, sugar, Acetobacter xylinum. Then, the practice is carried out jointly between the women community and the community service team from Politeknik ATI Padang. The training was closed with the presentation of business prospective from Nata de coco. All of the participants were enthusiastic with this training. It is expected that the women community in Kamang Hilir Village have the knowledge and the skill to make their own Nata de coco.

Produksi Asam Laktat Melalui Jalur Biologi dan Jalur Kimia Katalitik Menggunakan Berbagai Bahan Baku Aini, Apsari Puspita; Nurmalasari, Enny; Rasrendra, Carolus Borromeus; Sitompul, Johnner
Eksergi Vol 20 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v20i3.9768

Aplikasi asam laktat pada berbagai industri menarik minat para peneliti untuk memproduksi asam laktat melalui berbagai jalur reaksi. Perolehan isomer asam lakat yang lebih murni dibandingkan dengan jalur reaksi kimia katalitik menjadikan jalur biologi dengan fermentasi menjadi jalur reaksi yang banyak dipakai di industri. Berbagai mikroorganisme pada golongan Lactic Acid Bacteria telah digunakan untuk memproduksi asam laktat baik dalam skala laboratorium maupun skala industri. Berbagai bahan baku dapat dikonversi menjadi asam laktat seperti, dihidroksi aseton, gliseraldehid, piruvaldehid, xilosa, glukosa, fruktosa, sukrosa, selulosa, insulin, selobiosa, pati, levoglukosan dan lignoselulosa. Kemampuan katalis dalam metode kimiawi menarik banyak minat peneliti untuk mencari alternatif pembuatan asam laktat yang bisa mengkonversi gula menjadi asam laktat dengan waktu reaksi yang lebih singkat. Penggunaan berbagai katalis mulai dari katalis homogen dan heterogen terbukti dapat menghasilkan asam laktat dengan yield yang bervariasi. Katalis lanthanum triflate terlihat menghasilkan asam laktat dengan perolehan yang baik walaupun dari bahan baku lignoselulosa yang perlu perlakuan awal terlebih dahulu karena mempunyai senyawa lignin yang bisa menghalangi kerja katalis.Kata Kunci: asam laktat; kimia katalitik; fermentasi; lignoselulosa ABSTRACT: The utilization of lactic acid for various applications encourages researchers to produce lactic acid by various reaction pathways. The yield of lactic acid isomer which is purer than the catalytic chemical reaction makes the biological pathway by fermentation widely used in industry. Various microorganisms in the Lactic Acid Bacteria categories have been used to produce lactic acid both on a laboratory and industrial scale. Various raw materials can be converted into lactic acid such as dihydroxy acetone, glyceraldehyde, pyruvaldehyde, xylose, glucose, fructose, sucrose, cellulose, insulin, cellobiose, starch, levoglucosan and lignocellulose. The ability of catalyst has attracted interest of researcher to find alternatives for making lactic acid that can convert sugar into lactic acid with a shorter reaction time. The use of various catalysts from homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts has been proven to produce lactic acid with varying results. The lanthanum triflate catalyst proven to produce lactic acid with a high yield, even though it is from lignocellulosic raw materials that need pre-treatment to remove lignin compounds which can inhibit the performance of the catalyst.Keywords: lactic acid; chemical catalytic; fermentation; lignocellulose

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