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Optimization of polyphenolic compound extraction as natural antioxidants from pineapple peel waste (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) using ultrasonic-cellulase extraction (UCE) method Kumalaningrum, Amalia Nur; Yosep, Anestasya; Yuniar, Rizka Ayu; Simamora, Gevbry Ranti Ramadhani; Avanza, Mona Rida
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 8, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2025.008.04.5

Abstract

This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic–cellulase extraction (UCE) method for recovering polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity from pineapple peel waste. Pineapple peel is an abundant agro-industrial byproduct containing valuable phenolic compounds with potential applications in functional foods. The extraction process was optimized by varying several parameters, including the solvent-to-sample ratio (10–50 mL/g), enzyme concentration (5–25%), pH (3–7), temperature (30°C–70°C), ultrasonic amplitude (30–70%), and extraction time (30–150 min). The optimal conditions were achieved at a solvent-to-sample ratio of 50 mL/g, enzyme concentration of 15%, pH of 6, temperature of 50°C, ultrasonic amplitude of 70%, and extraction time of 120 min, yielding the highest total phenolic content of 37.80 ± 4.21 mg GAE/g. Comparative analysis showed that the UCE method produced higher polyphenolic content (28.04 ± 1.08 mg GAE/g) and stronger antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 9.27 µg/mL) than enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) or ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) alone. These findings confirm the synergistic effect of ultrasonic cavitation and enzymatic hydrolysis, which enhances the release of bioactive compounds. This study highlights UCE as an effective, green, and energy-efficient technology for transforming pineapple peel waste into natural antioxidants, contributing to sustainable food processing and environmental conservation.
Transforming Tofu Waste into a Growth Medium: Boosting Biomass and Proximate Content of Microalgae Nita Ariestiana Putri; Resti Nurmala Dewi; Rizka Ayu Yuniar; Ranti Amanda Mauliasantri
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v9i4.4839

Abstract

This study explores the potential of tofu waste as a cost-effective alternative growth medium for cultivating Spirulina sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata, addressing the high costs of traditional nutrient media that limit large-scale applications. Despite the nutrient richness of tofu waste, its use as a sustainable growth substrate remains underexplored. This research aims to fill this gap by evaluating the growth performance and nutritional suitability of these microalgae in tofu-based media compared to standard controls. The cultivation process was conducted in a closed photobioreactor system, with harvesting methods including flocculation, centrifugation, and filtration. Results showed that tofu waste media supported biomass production comparable to standard cultivation media, with the highest biomass concentrations recorded at the 20% tofu waste treatment, yielding 0.23 ± 0.05 g L-1 for Spirulina sp. and 0.53 ± 0.2 g L-1 for Nannochloropsis oculata. At this concentration, the final COD levels were 840.84 mg L-1and 825.90 mg L-1, respectively. The lipid and protein contents were 2.44% and 1.71% for Spirulina sp., and 1.21% and 1.50% for Nannochloropsis oculata, respectively. These findings demonstrate that tofu waste can serve as an effective and low-cost growth substrate for Spirulina sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata, promoting circular economy principles within many sectors such as energy, food, and agriculture. This study underscores the potential of waste utilization to enhance the sustainability and economic viability of microalgae cultivation.
Optimasi formula plasticizer gliserol dan filler carboxymethyl cellulose terhadap kekuatan mekanik pada biodegradable film packaging berbasis pati singkong Munfarida, Siti; Kumalaningrum, Amalia Nur; Putri, Nita Ariestiana; Hidayat, Jefri Pandu; Yuniar, Rizka Ayu; Naibaho, Lasma Barbara
AGROINTEK Vol 20, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v20i1.28410

Abstract

The use of conventional plastics, which are difficult to degrade, has caused serious environmental problems, necessitating alternatives in the form of biodegradable plastics (bioplastics). Biofilms are anticipated to address social issues in line with the 12th SDG goal, namely the management and reduction of packaging waste generated daily. By utilizing abundant local cassava starch, the produced biofilms are anticipated to possess good mechanical properties and low water absorption, making them a potential eco-friendly alternative for food packaging while supporting the use of local resources. This study aims to develop cassava starch-based biofilms as environmentally friendly packaging by optimizing the formulation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and glycerol. The research employs cassava starch as the primary matrix, CMC as a filler to enhance mechanical properties, and glycerol as a plasticizer to improve the flexibility of the biofilm. The research methods include cassava starch extraction, mixing of materials with stirring and heating, and drying the gel into a biofilm. The biofilm's characteristics were analyzed through tensile strength and elongation tests. The results showed that the formula with a cassava starch concentration of 15 grams, 1% CMC, and 6% glycerol yielded the highest tensile strength value of 1.56 MPa, meeting the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) for edible films (≥ 0.392 MPa). The best elongation value reached 199.6%, demonstrating excellent flexibility according to JIS and Indonesian National Standards (SNI). This study indicates that the appropriate combination and concentration of materials can produce biofilms with the potential to replace conventional plastics, support environmental sustainability, and optimally utilize local resources