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All Journal Jurnal Social Economic of Agriculture EKONOBIS (JURNAL EKONOMI DAN BISNIS) As-syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Window of Health : Jurnal Kesehatan Batoboh : Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian J-PiMat : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Elastisitas Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Shautuna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Perbandingan Mazhab Pharmaceutical Reports Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Konstanta : Ekonomi Pembangunan JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT YAMASI MPSJ
St Maryam, St
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Pharmaceutical Reports

 1 
Analysis of Chemical Ingredients in Jamu Pegal Linu Released in Siwa, Pitumpanua District, Wajo Regency Maryam, St; Rahmawati, Rahmawati; Febiyanti, Azalia Zalzabila
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 4, No 2 (2025): (October) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v4i2.376

Abstract

Jamu is an indigenous Indonesian traditional herbal medicine commonly prepared in the form of brews, powders, liquids, pills, or capsules. However, some manufacturers irresponsibly add pharmaceutical chemicals (Bahan Kimia Obat, BKO) to enhance the therapeutic effects of these products. One of the most frequently detected adulterants in jamu pegal linu—a herbal remedy used to relieve muscle and joint pain—is diclofenac sodium, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). This study aimed to identify and quantify the presence of diclofenac sodium in jamu pegal linu samples circulating in Siwa, Pitumpanua Sub-district, Wajo District, Indonesia. Six samples were analyzed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The qualitative TLC analysis utilized silica gel GF254 as the stationary phase and an ethyl acetate–n-hexane (7:3) mixture as the mobile phase. All samples exhibited Rf values of 0.8, corresponding to the diclofenac sodium standard, confirming the presence of this compound. Quantitative analysis using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 276 nm revealed the average diclofenac sodium contents as follows: sample A = 17.911%, B = 20.691%, C = 21.016%, D = 20.902%, E = 23.350%, and F = 23.772%. These findings indicate that all analyzed jamu pegal linu preparations contained diclofenac sodium as a medicinal chemical adulterant (BKO). This study underscores the urgent need for stricter regulation, quality control, and consumer awareness to ensure the safety and authenticity of traditional herbal medicines in Indonesia.
Green Extraction of Cherry Flowers (Muntingia calabura L.) and Antioxidant Activity by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Method Maryam, St; Baits, Muzakkir; Najla, Nabilah
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 5, No 1 (2026): (March) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v5i1.394

Abstract

The cherry plant (Muntingia calabura L.) is known as a versatile medicinal plant, with its leaves, fruits, and flowerstraditionally used for various therapeutic purposes. This plant contains several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, saponins, and polyphenols, which play a crucial role in its antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity level of Muntingia calabura L. using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. The ethanol extract of cherry plant material was obtained using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) technique, which had been previously optimized to achieve the highest flavonoid yield through variations in temperature and extraction time, employing a green solvent system. The antioxidant activity was measured by the FRAP method, and the absorbance was recorded using a UV– Visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 715 nm. The results were expressed as milligrams of quercetin equivalent per gram of extract (mg QE/g) based on the absorbance data. The antioxidant activity values of the ethanol extract from three replications were 908.56 mg QE/g, 910.6 mg QE/g, and 955.5 mg QE/g, respectively, with an average value of 924.88 mg QE/g extract. These findings indicate that Muntingia calabura L. exhibits strong antioxidant potential, likely attributed to its high flavonoid and polyphenol content, and therefore has promising applications as a natural antioxidant source in traditional and modern medicine.
Green-Solvent Extraction and Antioxidant Evaluation of Muntingia calabura L. Flowers Using the DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Method Effendi, Nurmaya; Maryam, St; Wijaya, Muh Rezky Hadi
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 5, No 1 (2026): (March) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v5i1.398

Abstract

Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) flowers are known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and tannins, which contribute to various pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects. Antioxidants play a crucial role in preventing or slowing oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts of Muntingia calabura L. flowers using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. The extraction process was carried out using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) with a green solvent approach. The antioxidant activity was analyzed using a UV–Visible spectrophotometer, and the results were expressed as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀), with quercetin used as a reference standard. The results showed that the Muntingia calabura flower extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 15.81 µg/mL, which falls within the category of very strong antioxidants (50 µg/mL). In conclusion, the aqueous extract of Muntingia calabura L. flowers demonstrates significant antioxidant potential and may serve as a promising natural source of antioxidants for further development in pharmaceutical or nutraceutical applications.
Co-Authors Amriati Syarif, Rezky Andi Emelda Arini, Gusti Ayu Asriani Suhaenah Ayu Andini azman arsyad Bulqis, Bulqis Fadliyanti, Luluk Fahira, Sonia Febiyanti, Azalia Zalzabila Fuadi, Helmy Gafar, Muhammad Ikrar Harti Widiastuti Intan Purnama Sari Irma Santi, Irma Irwan Irwan Kaisupy, Siti Sumayya Karisma, Karisma Kunna, A Sarwono Suhar Lambang Basri Said Lili, Ahmad Mahmud, Nurul Faiza Makki, Muh Malibela, Thedie Masdiana Tahir Mirna Mirna Mochammad Imron Awalludin Muhammad Awaludin Muzakkir Baits, Muzakkir Najla, Nabilah Nur Fadillah, Nur Rahmawati Rahmawati, Rahmawati Rais Razak, Rais Rastatya, Anggrainy Satarudin Wahdania, Andi Wijaya, Muh Rezky Hadi Zainal Abidin Zainal, Zaid