<![CDATA[ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Kandidiasis oral adalah infeksi jamur di mukosa mulut yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh Candida albicans (C.albicans). Kondisi imunosupresi dapat menyebabkan penurunan sistem imun tubuh, sehingga menurunkan kemampuan melawan C. albicans. Pemberian obat anti jamur nystatin telah diketahui dapat menurunkan infeksi kandidiasis oral, selain itu terapi adjuvant menggunakan oksigen hiperbarik dapat memicu aktivasi makrofag dan menurunkan sitokin proinflamatori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh nystatin topikal dan terapi oksigen hiperbarik terhadap jumlah makrofag pada tikus kandidiasis oral dengan kondisi imunosupresi. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratoris. Tikus Wistar jantan sejumlah 20 dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: P1 (normal/sehat), P2 (tikus kandidiasis oral kondisi imunosupresi), P3 (tikus kandidiasis oral kondisi imunosupresi diberi nystatin topikal), P4 (tikus kandidiasis oral kondisi imunosupresi diberi terapi oksigen hiperbarik). Imunosupresi dilakukan dengan memberikan deksametason secara peroral selama 14 hari dengan dosis 0,5 mg/hari/tikus, ditambahkan tetrasiklin 1 mg/hari/tikus. Induksi C. albicans dilakukan pada dorsum lidah, dua hari sekali selama 12 hari. Nystatin topikal dan terapi oksigen hiperbarik 2,4 Atmosfer Absolut (ATA) diberikan selama 5 hari. Jumlah makrofag pada sediaan lidah tikus diamati menggunakan mikroskop cahaya dengan perbesaran 1000x. Analisis data menggunakan uji Anova dan Least Significance Different (LSD). Hasil: Uji Anova menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p < 0,05) antara kelompok penelitian. Analisis statistik LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p < 0,05) antara kelompok P1 dengan P2 dan P3, serta kelompok P2 dengan P3 dan P4, sedangkan antara kelompok P1 dan P4, serta P3 dan P4, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p > 0,05). Simpulan: Pemberian nystatin topikal dan terapi oksigen hiperbarik berpengaruh pada jumlah makrofag tikus kandidiasi oral dengan kondisi imunosupresi.Kata kunciimunosupresi, kandidiasis oral, makrofag, nystatin topikal, terapi oksigen hiperbarik The effect of topical nystatin and hyperbaric oxygen therapy towards number of macrophages in oral candidiasis rats with immunosuppressed condition: experimental laboratory studyABSTRACT Introduction: Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection in oral mucosa, mostly caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Immunosuppressive conditions can cause a decrease in the immune system, thereby reducing the ability to fight C. albicans. Nystatin has known can decrease oral candidiasis infection, furthermore an adjuvant therapy using hyperbaric oxygen can trigger the activation of macrophages and decrease proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of topical nystatin and hyperbaric oxygen therapy towards the number of macrophages in oral candidiasis immunosuppressed rats. Methods: 20 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: P1 (normal/ healthy), P2 (Oral candidiasis immunosuppressed rats,) P3 (Oral candidiasis immunosuppressed rats with topical nystatin), and P4 (Oral candidiasis immunosuppressed rats with hyperbaric oxygen therapy). Immunosuppressed condition was made by giving dexamethasone 0.5 mg/day orally, added with tetracycline 1 mg/day for 14 days. After 3 days, rats were induced with C. albicans once in two days for 12 days. Topical nystatin and hyperbaric oxygen therapy 2,4 ATA were given for 5 days. The number of macrophages were observed using microscope at 1000x magnification. The data were analyzed using Anova and LSD tests. Results: Anova test showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between groups. LSD analysis showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between P1, P2, and P3, also P2 with P3 and P4, while there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between P1 and P4, also P3 and P4. Conclusion: Topical nystatin and hyperbaric oxygen therapy have effect into the number of macrophages in oral candidiasis immunosuppressed rats.Key wordsimmunosuppression, oral candidiasis, macrophages, topical nystatin, oral candidiasis, hyperbaric oxygen therapy ]]>
