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All Journal Rechtsidee Jurnal Akta PALAR (Pakuan Law review) Pakuan Justice Journal of Law (PAJOUL) Reformasi Hukum
Roby Satya Nugraha
UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Journal : Jurnal Akta

 1 
The Exploitation of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Artworks: The Challenges of Copyright Recognition in the Post-Human Era Sjofjan, Lindryani; Nugraha, Roby Satya
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 3 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i3.46789

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to provide an in-depth explanation that the development of artificial intelligence technology (AI) has revolutionized the process of creating digital artworks. AI is now able to produce works that resemble, even surpass, human creations. This phenomenon poses significant legal challenges, especially related to copyright recognition. In the context of the post-human era, where the boundaries between humans and machines are increasingly blurred, the fundamental question arises as to who deserves to be called a creator: human, machine, or both. This article examines the current copyright legal framework and examines the extent to which legal norms are able to accommodate the existence of AI as a creative entity. The method used is a normative juridical approach with analysis of national and international regulations, as well as case studies of a number of AI-based digital artworks. The findings show that the current legal system is not fully ready to regulate the protection of copyrights involving AI autonomously. Therefore, regulatory updates are needed that are responsive to technological advances and still ensure justice for creative actors in the digital era.
Fiduciary Guarantee Registration Implementation Through Electronic (Online System) in Indonesia Satory, Agus; Ahmad, Sufmi Dasco; Nugraha, Roby Satya
JURNAL AKTA Vol 11, No 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v11i4.41689

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of electronic fiduciary registration in Indonesia and to analyze the factors that support and hinder the implementation of electronic fiduciary registration. The research methods taken in this study is a normative juridical approach supported by empirical data. Fiduciary as a guarantee institution is regulated in Law No. 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees and followed up with Government Regulation Number 21 of 2015 concerning Procedures for Registration of Fiduciary Guarantees and Costs for Making Fiduciary Guarantee Deeds. Fiduciary registration cannot be separated from fiduciary collateral because fiduciary registration results in guaranteed legal certainty for creditors and interested parties. However, until now there are still many fiduciary guarantees that are not registered because many things have become obstacles in the registration process for fiduciary guarantees. To overcome the obstacles that occur in daily practice both those that occur in bank financing institutions and non-bank financing institutions (leasing) and notaries in registration of fiduciary guarantees, then the government made a new breakthrough by increasing the service of registration of fiduciary guarantees easily, quickly, and at low cost, namely by conducting electronic fiduciary registration services.
The Development of Punishment in Indonesian Criminal Law Darmawan, Iwan; Nugraha, Roby Satya; Sihombing, Alfies L.
JURNAL AKTA Vol 11, No 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v11i4.41309

Abstract

With the birth of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, it gives great hope for the development of punishment and punishment in Indonesian Criminal Law, which in turn gives hope for the fulfillment of a sense of public justice and the establishment of criminal law that guarantees legal protection from the threat of criminal offenders who can endanger the survival of the nation and state. Efforts to fundamentally reform the Indonesian criminal law have been carried out by reforming Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The purpose of this study is to explain in detail that the development of punishment and punishment in Indonesian criminal law has undergone a fairly long development covering the Dutch colonial period, the independence period and post-independence. In the period before independence, the development of Indonesian Criminal Law was only limited to the colonial period or the Dutch colonization period. This research uses normative juridical research method. The conclusion that can be stated is that in the period before the Dutch colonization, the development of Indonesian Criminal Law was included in the scope of the Ancient Nusantara Criminal Law contained in the Ancient Nusantara Law Books originating from the period of kingdoms in the archipelago. This research finally recommends that in addition to the ancient Indonesian criminal law originating from the period of kingdoms in the archipelago, there is also customary criminal law spread throughout Indonesia.
The Legal Protection for Consumers in the Digital Economy Era in Facing Challenges and Opportunities Iskandar, Eka Ardianto; Nugraha, Roby Satya
JURNAL AKTA Vol 11, No 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v11i4.40873

Abstract

This research aims to examine the legal aspects of regulating the digital economy in Indonesia, analyze the challenges faced, and identify opportunities that can be utilized to strengthen the existing legal framework. The digital economy in Indonesia is growing rapidly along with advances in information and communication technology. However, this development presents significant legal challenges, ranging from personal data protection, cyber security, to E-commerce and fintech regulations. The research method used is normative juridical analysis with a statutory approach and case studies. The research results and findings show that although there are several regulations governing the digital economy, there are still legal gaps and uncertainties that require further attention from policy makers. This research recommends strengthening regulations and increasing the capacity of law enforcement in dealing with the dynamics of the digital economy.
Tripartite Institutional Mechanism in the Discussion of the Draft Law Wuisang, Ari; Nugraha, Roby Satya
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 4 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i4.46878

Abstract

This article explores the emergence and implementation of a tripartite institutional mechanism in the legislative process in Indonesia, particularly following the Constitutional Court Decisions No. 92/PUU-X/2012 and No. 79/PUU-XII/2014. These rulings affirm the legislative role of the Regional Representative Council (DPD) alongside the House of Representatives (DPR) and the President, establishing a more balanced representation in drafting laws within specific areas. Using a normative juridical approach, this study analyzes the constitutional foundations, institutional practices, and comparative perspectives on bicameralism. The research identifies significant structural and functional disparities between the DPR and DPD, despite the formal recognition of the DPD’s legislative rights. Although the DPD may participate in the first and second-level discussions of draft bills, it is excluded from the final approval stage. Moreover, DPD-initiated bills and proposed revisions are often ignored in practice, weakening its legislative impact. Drawing from comparative constitutional studies, the article highlights the typologies of bicameralism—ranging from perfect to weak—and situates Indonesia's model within the broader global context. The findings underline that a truly effective tripartite mechanism requires not only formal recognition but also practical and procedural adjustments to ensure power-sharing and institutional dignity. The authors recommend enhancing the DPD's authority through constitutional practices, internal institutional development, and greater political negotiation capacity to strengthen its legislative influence and create a more balanced parliamentary structure.
Co-Authors Abid, Abid Agus Satory Ari Wuisang Ari Wuisang Asmak UI Hosnah Astri, Patrisia Maudilia Astuti, Astri Puji DP, Sapto Handoyo. Edi Rohaedi Eka Ardianto Iskandar Farahdinny Siswajanthy Herli Antoni Hj. Lilik Prihatini Iwan Darmawan Jeehoon, Moon Lindryani Sjofjan Nandang Kusnadi Parreño, Jasmin L. Patrisia Maudilia Astri Saleh, Weldy Jevis Sihombing, L. Alfies Silalahi, Christina Febriani Sri Ayu Astuti Sufmi Dasco Ahmad Suhermanto, Suhermanto Sukmana, Sobar Walter A.L Sinaga Wuisang, Ari