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All Journal Journal Analytica Islamica Jurnal Penelitian Medan Agama Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Media Syari'ah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies Journal of Global Islamic Economic Studies Polyscopia Al-Hukama: The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law Cakrawala: Journal of Citizenship Teaching and Learning
Syahrial Arif Hutagalung
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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EARLY CHARACTER OF ISLAM IN MEDAN: Challenging the Narrative of Religious Intolerance in an Indonesian City Tarigan, Azhari Akmal; Matsum, Hasan; Nasution, Muhammad Syukri Albani; Naldo, Jufri; Hutagalung, Syahrial Arif
Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388

Abstract

Abstract: This study explores the early development of Islam in Medan, challenging claims that the city fosters religious intolerance. Historically, Islam was introduced through peaceful, Sufistic, and adaptive means that encouraged coexistence and cultural integration. Using a qualitative, sociological approach supported by interviews with religious and community leaders and relevant literature, the research highlights Islam’s foundational values in Medan—moderation, tolerance, and inclusivity. Although contemporary religious tensions occasionally arise, often driven by political interests, they do not represent the city’s Islamic roots. The findings affirm that Medan’s interfaith relations remain largely harmonious, and portrayals of the city as intolerant misrepresent its long-standing tradition of pluralism and social harmony.Keywords: Early Islam, Religious Tolerance, Sufism, Religious Pluralism,Indonesian Islam
Islamization in Haminjon: A Study of Business Morality in Batak Entrepreneurial Networks Syahrial Arif Hutagalung; Gatot Teguh Arifyanto; Fauzan Ghafur; Rika Githamala Ginting; Yessi Kurnia Arjani Manik
Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies
Publisher : KURAS Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51214/biis.v4i2.1571

Abstract

This study examines the interaction between Islamic values and Batak traditions in the business practices of Muslim entrepreneurs in North Sumatra, focusing on haminjon (frankincense), which holds both spiritual and economic significance for Batak society. Unlike previous research that rarely explores the integration of religion and custom in trade, this study employs a qualitative ethnographic approach. Fieldwork was conducted over three months (April–June 2025) in Doloksanggul and Balige, involving seven participants: three Batak Muslim entrepreneurs, two haminjon traders, one customary leader, and one local ustaz. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and examined using thematic coding to identify negotiation patterns between adat and Islam. The findings indicate that Islamization in this context does not occur through doctrinal enforcement but rather through moral diplomacy, ethical conduct, and everyday commercial practices. Muslim entrepreneurs continue to uphold kinship ties and customary obligations, while reinterpreting them through Islamic principles such as honesty, justice, rejection of usury, and social responsibility. Within this process, haminjon serves as both a cultural and economic bridge, shifting from a ritual object into a symbol of halal trade and moral integrity. Theoretically, this study proposes a contextual model of Islamic business ethics rooted in local values yet adaptable to cultural pluralism. Practically, it underscores trade as a medium of Islamization, showing that the integration of religion and tradition occurs through productive reinterpretation that strengthens collective identity and supports sustainable development.
Co-Authors Abdul Rasyid Achiriah, Achiriah Annisa Afwani Azhari Akmal Tarigan Dinda Nurayuni Humaira Fauzan Ghafur Gatot Teguh Arifyanto Hanif, Maulana Akhyar Irvan Murizal Ismail Jaenal Aripin Kholil, Syukur Mara Sutan Rambe Matsum, Hasan Maulana Akhyar Hanif Misrah Mohammad Reevany Bustami Monang, Sori Muhammad Abdillah Pratama Muhammad Syukri Albani Nasution Naldo, Jufri Naldo, Jufri Naldo, Jufri Naldo Nasution, Batara Abdullah Nasution, Muhammad Syukri Albani Nazira, Syafiq Nurcahaya Purba, Agnestya Yolanda Rika Githamala Ginting Rizki Isnani Fadhila Saragih Sherin Aulia Putri Stefani Syafran Arrazy Tarigan, Azhari Akmal Yessi Kurnia Arjani Manik