Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Assessment of Hyperglycemic Potentials of Khaya Anthotheca Stem-Bark Extracts on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; David, Bando Christopher
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3183

Introduction: Medicinal plants have been the basis of treatment of various diseases in African traditional medicine as well as other forms of treatment from diverse cultures of the world. Khaya anthotheca is a member of the family Meliaceae, a native to Africa. It is a medicinal plant widely used for several therapeutic purposes. Herein, phytochemical study, hyperglycaemic investigations was carried out on the methanol extract of Khaya anthotheca Stem-bark. Materials and Methods: However, 35 rats were distributed into seven groups to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of K. anthotheca stem-bark methanol extract at the dosage range of 50-400 mg/kg/b.wt. The analysis was done using the software-SPSS one-way ANOVA at a significance level p<0.05. Results: The result of the anti-diabetic study reveals that extract elicited substantial (p<0.05) inhibition of hyperglycaemic. The plant Khaya anthotheca stem-bark methanol extract displayed profound (p<0.05) anti-hyperglycaemic action at the dosage of 200 mg/kg/b.wt, 300 mg/kg/b.wt. and 500 mg/kg/b.wt. against induced diabetic rats. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests the use of Khaya anthotheca as a hypoglycaemic agent and for treatment of diabetic. Further studies are needed to discover the bioactive constituent of the plant responsible for this anti-diabetic activity.

Coccidiosis in Broilers of Selected Commercial Farms in Taraba State, Nigeria Tadawus, Rejoice Habila; Tutuwa, Jummai Adamu; David, Bando Christopher; Ogu, Emmanuel Odiba; Jesse, Polly Shingu; Haruna, Peace Gambo; Agbu, Tsoken Danji; Aigbogun, Blessing Smart
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3184

Poultry coccidiosis has been reported as a major constraint to successful commercial and backyard poultry farming due to its significant high mortality rates and huge economic losses globally. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of coccidiosis in broilers in commercial farms of Jalingo and Wukari Local Government Areas of Taraba State. A total of 500 faecal samples from droppings of broilers were randomly collected from the poultry farms in Jalingo and Wukari LGAs of Taraba State. The faecal samples were collected from the rectum of the chicken, using a disposable hand gloves and the ova in each faecal sample of broilers were detected by using floatation technique. A total of 80 birds, from both Local Governments were sacrificed for histopathological assay. Intestinal scrapes were also collected from various parts of the intestines (duodenum, jejunum, gizzard, ilium and the caeca) of freshly slaughtered chickens into clean petri dishes, and the samples were examined microscopically for the presence of oocysts. Data obtained were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 23. Out 500 faecal samples collected 81/500 (16.2%) were positive for coccidian ova across Jalingo and Wukari LGAs of Taraba State with a statistical significant difference of (χ2=5.477; P<0.05). Most of the infected broilers were in the age group 1-3 weeks and 4-6 weeks with a statistically non-significant difference of (χ2=3.305; P>0.05). Infection with Coccidian ova was found to be higher, 19.7% (50/250) in Wukari than in Jalingo. They had 12.1% (31/250). The prevalence of coccidiosis in the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of the slaughtered broilers showed that the Caecum had the highest prevalence of 62.5% (25/40) of oocyst while Ilium had the least 37.5% (15/40). The knowledge of the coccidiosis among farmers in Jalingo and Wukari LGAs showed that all of the (12/12) respondents or 100% have heard of the disease. Majority of the respondent 81.8% (9/12) knows about coccidiosis from the veterinary while a few respondent 19.2% (3/12) get to know about coccidiosis from their friends. The Seasonal occurrence of coccidiosis showed majority of the respondent 7/12 (58.3%) attributed the occurrence of coccidiosis to rainy season within the year while 41.7% (5/12) attributed it to anytime of the season. The knowledge of the occurrence of coccidiosis despite preventive measures among farmers showed that majority of the respondent 91.7% (11/12) had Coccidiosis on their farms before while few, 16.7% (2/12) have not had reoccurrence of the disease. The percentage response of respondents based on the poultry population per pen showed that Majority of the farmers 50.0% (6/12) had between 1-200 poultry population per pen on their farm while 25.0% (3/12) had between 201-500 poultry population per pen. Despite the fact that some numbers of the faecal materials examined during the course of this work were negative for oocysts at the time of collection, it is possible that some of these Broilers may be harbouring coccidia in the schizogonic or gametogonic stages of development at the time that the samples were collected. It is therefore necessary to design appropriate control strategies of coccidiosis in order to improve management of poultry birds in farms to boost poultry production in the part of the country.

Phytochemical Profiling, and Antifungal Potentials of Stem-Bark Extracts of East African (Khaya Anthotheca) Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Umaru, Isaac John; Nanmar, Chakfa; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; David, Bando Christopher
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3185

Fungal infection is an infectious disease that is commonly implicated as aetiologic agents that contribute to the increasing burden of morbidity and mortality in developing countries as a result misdiagnosis or improper diagnosis. This study determined the profiling and antifungal potentials of Stem-Bark Extracts of East African (Khaya Anthotheca). The methanol solvent was used for disc diffusion assay. The inhibitory concentration of the extract was performed by broth dilution method and zone of inhibition was studied by disc diffusion method at the concentration of 50, 100, 250, and 500 in DMSO. Nystatin was used as the reference control for antifungal study. The extract showed maximum inhibition potential sof zone of inhibition against most of the pathogen (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium) used at concentration 50ppm to 500ppm. The zone of inhibition for 500ppm is shown as (319.12± 0.11, 19.23 ± 0.12, 20.33±0.23* and 18.34±0.21*mm respectively). The extract showed minimum inhibition potential against Aspergillus flavus in all the concentration when compared with the control as well as to the other pathogens. Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium was found to be more sensitive to the methanol extract followed by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger lastly. The extract was found to be rich in phytochemical, with about 20 different chemical constitutes, with 12.14- Pentane, 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-, 14.66-3-Hexen-2-one and 27.23-2-Nonenal, 2-pentyl-as the highest. The Present study indicates the potential usefulness of methanol extract of extract of khaya anthotheca as antifungal agent. Thus, has therefore, contributed to the pool of knowledge already available in this area of research. Considering the effects that both phytochemicals and its potentials as antifungal, it would be expedient to conduct further studies to assess its cancer potentials.

Antibiofilm Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Seed Extract of Garcinia Kola Patricia, Okonofua Eghe; Nkene, Istifanus Haruna; David, Bando Christopher; Hannah, Nuhu Tubasen; Ngozi, Odii Josephine; Rebecca, Ayodele; Odii, Umahi Onu
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i4.3617

Silver nanoparticles from plant extracts are novel compounds with potential antimicrobial properties. Studies on antibiofilm activity of Ag-NPs synthesized from seed extracts of Garcinnia kola (G. kola) were carried out. Garcinnia kola seed were obtained from Keffi market, Nigeria. Green synthesis of Ag-NPs from the seed was carried using 2.0mm silver-nitrate by use of standard method. The Ag-NPs synthesized from the seed were characterized using former transmission infrared (FITR) spectroscopy and scanning election microscope. The antimicrobial activity of the Ag-NPs against Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp) isolates were carried out using agar dilution method. The biofilm formation by the isolates as well as the inhibition and dissolution by Ag-NPs were eval__uated using microplate method. The functional groups detected in the Ag-NPs were N-H, C-O, N-O, and CΞC with peaks 906.5cm-1,1282.2cm-2, 13344cm-1, 1550.6cm-1 and 217.1cm-1 respectively. The size of the particles ranges from 179-296nm. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MICs) of the particles and meropenem against the isolates were 250µg/l and 4.0µg/l. The functional inhibiting concentrates of the particles were 1.0. The optical clarity of biofilm formed by the isolates was 2.073 and 2.049. the percentage biofilm inhibiting effects of the particles was highest apart. KpC (K. Pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1075) with percentage inhibit ranges from 27.28-21.67% at 80-12.5% of the MICs. The percentage inhibiting effect of Ag-NPs in with meropenem was highest at MICs but low in MIC 12.5 with percentage inhibition 28.26% and 27.18%. The Ag-NPs alone and antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibiting effect while Ag-NPs in with meropenem had effect but against isolate but with potential antibiofilm activity.

Investigation of Organochlorines Residue in Stored Cereals from Some Selected Markets in Jalingo, Nigeria David, Bando Christopher; Tutuwa, Jummai Adamu; Tadawu, Rejoice Habila; Jesse, Polly Shingu; Ogu, Emmanuel Odiba; Sunday, Oche Gabriel; Nuhu, Imbasire; Haruna, Peace Gambo
International Journal of Education, Culture, and Society Vol 2 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Education, Culture, and Society
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ijecs.v2i1.2406

Cereal grains such rice, sorghum, maize and millet among others are the staple foods in large parts of the world, supplying most of the energy and bulk in diets. Pesticide residue analysis in cereals from the various sampling locations for this dissertation revealed the following organochlorines Aldrin, Dichloran, Dieldrin, Endrin, Endosulfan, Mirex, Lindane, Methoxychlor, Heptachlor Epoxide, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Hexachlorocyclohexane, and 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl). The presence of pesticide (Organochlorines) residues is detected in the samples of cereals (Rice, Maize, Millet and sorghum) analyzed. This could be as a result of high utilization of various pesticides during plant, cultivation and storage thus leading to the bioaccumulation of this substance in the individual cereals. It indicates high levels of non-carcinogenic risk associated with the life time consumption of cereals produce and sold within this region. Organochlorine pesticides also detected suggest the continuous use of obsolete banned pesticides in the cultivation and storage of cereals. Based on findings from this study’s, I hereby make the following recommendations. Regulatory agencies in Nigeria should step up efforts to ensure compliance with the ban on these chemicals. Farmers and other pesticide users also need to be educated on the dangers of using banned products and on the over application of these pesticides. Furthermore, farmers should be educated on the properly usage of these chemical product, during plant, harvest and storage. Also, manufacturers of these chemicals should produce less toxic pesticide using organic materials in other to prevent the health risk associated with chemical pesticide and their residues in food crops and the environment.

Prevalence of Malaria Parasitemia (MP) and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) Co-Infection Among HIV/AIDS Patients, Jalingo, Taraba State Y., Akwa Vera; Patricia, Okonofua Eghe; Daniel, Ifraimu; David, Bando Christopher; Haruna, David Ephraim; Nashuka, Adamu Tutuwa
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3294

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cannot be called a particular diseases or infection, but it could rightly be referred to as a phenomenon or syndrome that breaks through the body defense mechanism gradually which exposes the body to all kind of diseases resulting in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This Study focused on the prevalence of malaria and Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) in people living with HIV. The result of the study has revealed that out of 148 HIV patients attending clinic at government house clinic Jalingo, 114 (77%) tested positive for malaria and 13 tested positive to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with a prevalence of 8.8%. An association between HIV and occupation was evaluated, high risk occupation, based on the exposure to associated risk factor (student, civil servants and business men) accounted for high prevalence of 75.6%, while low risk occupation (housewives and farmers) accounted for 24.5%. 91(61.4%) of the patients reside in the rural areas while 57(38.5%) reside in the urban area. It was observed that male of both rural and urban area within the age group of 26-30 and 41-45 years presented a higher prevalence of 39% and 18.2% respectively while patients of both rural and urban area within the age group of 0-5 and 11-15 years accounted for a lower incidence rate with only 2.4% and 4% respectively.

Prevalence of Malaria Parasitemia (MP) and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) Co-Infection Among HIV/AIDS Patients, Jalingo, Taraba State Y., Akwa Vera; Patricia, Okonofua Eghe; Daniel, Ifraimu; David, Bando Christopher; Haruna, David Ephraim; Nashuka, Adamu Tutuwa
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3294

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cannot be called a particular diseases or infection, but it could rightly be referred to as a phenomenon or syndrome that breaks through the body defense mechanism gradually which exposes the body to all kind of diseases resulting in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This Study focused on the prevalence of malaria and Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) in people living with HIV. The result of the study has revealed that out of 148 HIV patients attending clinic at government house clinic Jalingo, 114 (77%) tested positive for malaria and 13 tested positive to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with a prevalence of 8.8%. An association between HIV and occupation was evaluated, high risk occupation, based on the exposure to associated risk factor (student, civil servants and business men) accounted for high prevalence of 75.6%, while low risk occupation (housewives and farmers) accounted for 24.5%. 91(61.4%) of the patients reside in the rural areas while 57(38.5%) reside in the urban area. It was observed that male of both rural and urban area within the age group of 26-30 and 41-45 years presented a higher prevalence of 39% and 18.2% respectively while patients of both rural and urban area within the age group of 0-5 and 11-15 years accounted for a lower incidence rate with only 2.4% and 4% respectively.

Comparative Study on the Proximate and Amino Acids Levels in Selected Edible Mushroom Species Adebisi, Arowora Kayode; Joseph, Iornenge Terungwa; Adams, Idris Habiba; Mohammed, Ikrimah Usman; David, Bando Christopher; Efoseh, Danlami; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.5892

Mushrooms represent an ancient group of heterotrophic organisms classified under Thallophytae, and based on their chemical composition and utility, they are broadly categorized as edible or poisonous. Edible mushrooms can further be divided into wild and cultivated types. This study compares the amino acid profiles and proximate compositions of two edible mushrooms, tea tree mushroom (Agrocybe aegerita) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), collected from Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. Freshly harvested samples were air-dried for three days, pulverized, and subjected to amino acid analysis using isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and proximate analysis following standard protocols from the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Results showed that Agrocybe aegerita exhibited higher concentrations of amino acids compared to Pleurotus ostreatus, with a non-significant decrease (p > 0.05) observed in Pleurotus ostreatus for essential and non-essential amino acids including lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, tryptophan, histidine, arginine, serine, cysteine, tyrosine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and proline. Conversely, Pleurotus ostreatus demonstrated slightly higher values in proximate components such as carbohydrate, fiber, ash, and moisture, whereas Agrocybe aegerita showed higher but non-significant values in protein, fat, and energy content. The study concludes that Agrocybe aegerita is nutritionally superior in terms of amino acid composition, while Pleurotus ostreatus is marginally better in proximate nutritional content, supporting their complementary roles in dietary applications.

Comparative Study on the Proximate and Amino Acids Levels in Selected Edible Mushroom Species Adebisi, Arowora Kayode; Joseph, Iornenge Terungwa; Adams, Idris Habiba; Mohammed, Ikrimah Usman; David, Bando Christopher; Efoseh, Danlami; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.5892

Mushrooms represent an ancient group of heterotrophic organisms classified under Thallophytae, and based on their chemical composition and utility, they are broadly categorized as edible or poisonous. Edible mushrooms can further be divided into wild and cultivated types. This study compares the amino acid profiles and proximate compositions of two edible mushrooms, tea tree mushroom (Agrocybe aegerita) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), collected from Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. Freshly harvested samples were air-dried for three days, pulverized, and subjected to amino acid analysis using isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and proximate analysis following standard protocols from the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Results showed that Agrocybe aegerita exhibited higher concentrations of amino acids compared to Pleurotus ostreatus, with a non-significant decrease (p > 0.05) observed in Pleurotus ostreatus for essential and non-essential amino acids including lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, tryptophan, histidine, arginine, serine, cysteine, tyrosine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and proline. Conversely, Pleurotus ostreatus demonstrated slightly higher values in proximate components such as carbohydrate, fiber, ash, and moisture, whereas Agrocybe aegerita showed higher but non-significant values in protein, fat, and energy content. The study concludes that Agrocybe aegerita is nutritionally superior in terms of amino acid composition, while Pleurotus ostreatus is marginally better in proximate nutritional content, supporting their complementary roles in dietary applications.

Evaluation of the Effect of Pre-Germination Treatment on Delonix Regia Seeds Ogu, Odiba Emmanuel; Joshua, Efi Uwhe; Haruna, David Ephraim; Samaila, Danjuma; Hannah, Nuhu Tubasen; Patricia, Okonofua Eghe; Rebecca, Ayodele; David, Bando Christopher
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3292

Delonix regia (Flamboyant) is a multipurpose tree species indigenous to semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. It is being exploited to local extinction due to high dependence for fuel wood and other uses. The present study explored different pre-treatment methods for enhancing seed germination and growth of Delonix regia (Flamboyant) in Taraba State, Northern Nigeria. The experiment employed a 4 × 4 factorial design with seeds subjected to four pre-treatments (50% sulphuric acid concentration, 98% sulphuric acid concentration, cold water and hot water) at four pre-treatment time durations. Number of germination and plant height varied significantly between pre-treatments with cold water treatment recording the highest plant height (3.5cm) and the 98% sulphuric acid concentration recording the least (1.3cm). Germination rate had a moderate positive relationship with plant height. The study recommends seed immersion in cold water for 48 h as the most efficient pre-treatment for Delonix regia (Flamboyant).

Title

Found 21 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 21 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 21 Documents
Search