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Journal : Journal Of World Science

Urgency of Implementing Article 1365 of the Civil Code in Addressing Tortious Conduct in Electronic Transactions in Indonesia Siregar, Ahmad Rizky; Suryandari, Wieke Dewi; Sejati, Hono
Journal of World Science Vol. 3 No. 11 (2024): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v3i11.1235

Abstract

The rapid growth of electronic transactions has introduced new challenges, particularly concerning tortious conduct and the legal framework governing these interactions. In an increasingly digital era, electronic transactions have become a primary medium for commerce and business interactions, yet issues such as fraud and personal data violations have become more prevalent. Article 1365 provides a legal basis for individuals or entities suffering damages to file claims for compensation. This study examines the urgency of implementing Article 1365 of the Civil Code in addressing tortious conduct within electronic transactions in Indonesia. The objective is to analyze the applicability, limitations, and potential reforms needed to adapt Article 1365 to the digital context. A normative legal research method was employed, utilizing a statute and conceptual approach. Data were collected by analyzing legislative texts, legal literature, and case law. Data analysis involved qualitative content analysis to identify gaps and propose solutions. The findings reveal that Article 1365 provides a strong foundation for addressing tortious conduct, but its application in electronic transactions remains ambiguous, particularly regarding evidence collection and the definition of harm. This research introduces a novel perspective by emphasizing the necessity for specific regulations and institutional reforms to enhance legal certainty and address the unique challenges posed by electronic transactions. These recommendations aim to protect consumer rights, ensure fair business practices, and foster trust in Indonesia’s digital economy.
Reconstructing the Legal Framework of Standard Clauses in Insurance Agreements for Consumer Protection Suryadinata, Wawan; Zaini, Naya Amin; Suryandari, Wieke Dewi
Journal of World Science Vol. 3 No. 11 (2024): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v3i11.1236

Abstract

Standard clauses in insurance agreements often result in legal certainty and adequate consumer protection. This study aims to reconstruct the legal framework governing standard clauses in insurance agreements to enhance consumer protection and ensure legal certainty. Using a normative juridical research method, the study adopts a statute and conceptual approach. Data were collected from legislative texts, legal literature, and case studies involving disputes over standard clauses in insurance agreements. The analysis focuses on identifying weaknesses in the current legal framework and proposing solutions to address them. The results reveal that the unilateral drafting of standard clauses by insurers often diminishes consumer rights and creates imbalances in contractual relationships. This research highlights the need for simplification of legal language, active consumer participation in drafting agreements, and stricter regulatory oversight. The study contributes to developing a fairer insurance policy framework, promoting transparency, accountability, and consumer trust in the insurance industry.