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UNDERSTANDING OF THE AYNA ALLAH HADITH: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TAḤLĪLĪ STUDY Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Mashur, Mashur; Falah, Fajrul
Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies
Publisher : LP2M Ma'had Aly Hasyim Asy'ari Pesantren Tebuireng

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55987/njhs.v5i2.156

The Hadith ‘Aina Allah’ narrated by Abu Dawud has been debated because it is considered to contradict the rule that traditions that contradict the Quran cannot be used as proof. However, Abu Dawud himself states that this tradition is valid and can be used as an argument. This study aims to examine the compatibility between the Hadith ‘Aina Allah’ and the Quran, and to understand the Hadith through an interdisciplinary approach, including the perspectives of linguistics, creed, fiqh, and morals and Sufism. The method used is descriptive qualitative content analysis, with a literature review of Sunan Abu Dawud as the main source. The results show that the Hadith ‘Aina Allah’ is valid and does not contradict the Quran, but needs to be understood in a linguistic and rhetorical context that emphasises the high position of Allah in a symbolic sense. From the perspective of creed, this hadith allows testing one's faith through signs without the necessity of the two sentences of the creed. From the perspective of jurisprudence, it shows that vows are valid if they are in accordance with reality and that freeing a believing slave is better than a disbelieving slave. The moral and Sufism perspectives emphasise the importance of conveying knowledge according to one's intellect and avoiding prejudice without evidence. The study concludes that an interdisciplinary approach provides a richer understanding of this hadith and dispels the notion of contradiction with the Quran.[Hadis "Aina Allah" riwayat Abu Dawud menimbulkan perdebatan karena dianggap bertentangan dengan kaidah bahwa hadis yang berlawanan dengan Al-Quran tidak dapat dijadikan hujjah. Namun, Abu Dawud sendiri menyatakan bahwa hadis ini sahih dan dapat dijadikan hujjah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesesuaian antara hadis "Aina Allah" dan Al-Quran, serta memahami hadis tersebut melalui pendekatan interdisipliner, mencakup perspektif linguistik, akidah, fikih, serta akhlak dan tasawuf. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis konten kualitatif deskriptif, dengan telaah literatur dari Sunan Abu Dawud sebagai sumber utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hadis "Aina Allah" memiliki kualitas sahih dan tidak bertentangan dengan Al-Quran, melainkan perlu dipahami dalam konteks linguistik dan retorika yang menekankan posisi tinggi Allah dalam makna simbolis. Dari perspektif akidah, hadis ini memperbolehkan pengujian keimanan seseorang melalui isyarat tanpa keharusan dua kalimat syahadat. Dari perspektif fikih, hadis ini menunjukkan bahwa nazar sah jika sesuai dengan realita, dan memerdekakan budak beriman lebih baik daripada budak kafir. Perspektif akhlak dan tasawuf menekankan pentingnya menyampaikan pengetahuan sesuai dengan kemampuan akal seseorang, serta menghindari prasangka buruk tanpa bukti. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan interdisipliner memberikan pemahaman yang lebih kaya terhadap hadis ini, serta menghilangkan anggapan adanya kontradiksi dengan Al-Quran.]

Kritik Hadis “Sayap Lalat adalah Obat” dan Relevansinya dengan Sains Modern Hakim, Lukman; Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; bin Asis, Joharis; Firdaus, Ahmad; Hasbillah, Ahmad ‘Ubaydi
Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Hasyim Asy'ari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33752/tjiss.v6i1.9879

Hadith, as the second source of Islamic law, plays an important role in the lives of Muslims. However, not all hadiths are of equal standing, making hadith criticism essential. This research aims to analyze the hadith about a fly falling into a drink through the approach of 'Ilal al-Hadith criticism to find potential hidden defects ('illah qadīhah) and to analyze its relevance and meaning in the context of modern science. The research method used is qualitative with a library research approach. Data were analyzed through takhrij al-Hadis, dirasah al-Asanid, analysis al-Matn, and istinbat al-Ma'ani. The results of the study indicate that the sanad of the fly hadith is sahih and no 'illat qadīhah was found. Matan criticism shows the need for contextual interpretation. In the context of modern science, this hadith is relevant to scientific findings in the fields of microbiology and medicine, which indicate that flies carry disease-causing microorganisms but also have self-defense mechanisms that have the potential to produce neutralizing substances. This study concludes that the fly hadith can be understood as a signal about the importance of maintaining a balance between disease and antidote, as well as the hidden potential benefits in seemingly harmful organisms.

Kritik Hadis Awwaliyah Nur Muhammad: Perspektif Kritik Matan Salah Al-Din Al-Idliby Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Hasbullah, Abdul Wahab; bin Ligi, Mohammad Iqram; Syafi’i, Ahmad Musta’in
Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Hasyim Asy'ari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33752/tjiss.v6i1.9880

This article explores the controversy surrounding the concept of Nūr Muhammad as the first creation of Allah by examining the authenticity of the hadiths that support this belief. The aim of the study is to reassess the authenticity of popular hadiths used as evidence for the claim that Nūr Muhammad was the first created being, from the perspective of matn (textual) criticism. The research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis and the matn criticism method developed by Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Idlibī. The concept of Nūr Muhammad has been supported by various scholars, particularly from the Sufi tradition. Among them are: ʿĪsā ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥumayrī, who compiled and verified al-Juzʾ al-Mafqūd min al-Juzʾ al-Awwal min al-Muṣannaf li Abī Bakr ʿAbd al-Razzāq, attributed to the Muṣannaf of ʿAbd al-Razzāq; al-ʿAjlūnī in Kashf al-Khafāʾ; al-Qasṭallānī in al-Mawāhib al-Ladunniyyah; Yūsuf al-Nabhānī in Jawāhir al-Biḥār fī Faḍāʾil al-Nabī al-Mukhtār; Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Kattānī in Naẓm al-Mutanāthir min al-Aḥādīth al-Mutawātir; Muḥammad Nawawī al-Bantanī in Madārij al-Suʿūd; and Abū Bakr Shaṭṭāʾ in Iʿānat al-Ṭālibīn. However, many critics argue that these hadiths are not authentic and contradict the teachings of the Qur'an. The analysis reveals that the hadiths concerning Nūr Muhammad are inconsistent with Qur'anic texts, contradict authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) hadiths, contain logical inconsistencies, and lack the distinctive rhetorical style of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The findings of this study highlight the importance of a critical matn-based approach in evaluating hadiths related to metaphysical concepts and emphasize the necessity for coherence between hadiths, the Qur’an, and reason in understanding Islamic teachings.

Kritik Hadis “Sayap Lalat adalah Obat” dan Relevansinya dengan Sains Modern Hakim, Lukman; Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; bin Asis, Joharis; Firdaus, Ahmad; Hasbillah, Ahmad ‘Ubaydi
Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Hasyim Asy'ari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33752/tjiss.v6i1.9879

Hadith, as the second source of Islamic law, plays an important role in the lives of Muslims. However, not all hadiths are of equal standing, making hadith criticism essential. This research aims to analyze the hadith about a fly falling into a drink through the approach of 'Ilal al-Hadith criticism to find potential hidden defects ('illah qadīhah) and to analyze its relevance and meaning in the context of modern science. The research method used is qualitative with a library research approach. Data were analyzed through takhrij al-Hadis, dirasah al-Asanid, analysis al-Matn, and istinbat al-Ma'ani. The results of the study indicate that the sanad of the fly hadith is sahih and no 'illat qadīhah was found. Matan criticism shows the need for contextual interpretation. In the context of modern science, this hadith is relevant to scientific findings in the fields of microbiology and medicine, which indicate that flies carry disease-causing microorganisms but also have self-defense mechanisms that have the potential to produce neutralizing substances. This study concludes that the fly hadith can be understood as a signal about the importance of maintaining a balance between disease and antidote, as well as the hidden potential benefits in seemingly harmful organisms.

Kritik Hadis Awwaliyah Nur Muhammad: Perspektif Kritik Matan Salah Al-Din Al-Idliby Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Hasbullah, Abdul Wahab; bin Ligi, Mohammad Iqram; Syafi’i, Ahmad Musta’in
Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Hasyim Asy'ari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33752/tjiss.v6i1.9880

This article explores the controversy surrounding the concept of Nūr Muhammad as the first creation of Allah by examining the authenticity of the hadiths that support this belief. The aim of the study is to reassess the authenticity of popular hadiths used as evidence for the claim that Nūr Muhammad was the first created being, from the perspective of matn (textual) criticism. The research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis and the matn criticism method developed by Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Idlibī. The concept of Nūr Muhammad has been supported by various scholars, particularly from the Sufi tradition. Among them are: ʿĪsā ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥumayrī, who compiled and verified al-Juzʾ al-Mafqūd min al-Juzʾ al-Awwal min al-Muṣannaf li Abī Bakr ʿAbd al-Razzāq, attributed to the Muṣannaf of ʿAbd al-Razzāq; al-ʿAjlūnī in Kashf al-Khafāʾ; al-Qasṭallānī in al-Mawāhib al-Ladunniyyah; Yūsuf al-Nabhānī in Jawāhir al-Biḥār fī Faḍāʾil al-Nabī al-Mukhtār; Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Kattānī in Naẓm al-Mutanāthir min al-Aḥādīth al-Mutawātir; Muḥammad Nawawī al-Bantanī in Madārij al-Suʿūd; and Abū Bakr Shaṭṭāʾ in Iʿānat al-Ṭālibīn. However, many critics argue that these hadiths are not authentic and contradict the teachings of the Qur'an. The analysis reveals that the hadiths concerning Nūr Muhammad are inconsistent with Qur'anic texts, contradict authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) hadiths, contain logical inconsistencies, and lack the distinctive rhetorical style of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The findings of this study highlight the importance of a critical matn-based approach in evaluating hadiths related to metaphysical concepts and emphasize the necessity for coherence between hadiths, the Qur’an, and reason in understanding Islamic teachings.

Meninjau Validitas Hadis Perpecahan Umat Islam: Pendekatan Kritik ‘Ilal Matan Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Hakim, Lukman; Firdaus, Ahmad; bin Asis, Joharis; Hasbillah, Ahmad Ubaydi
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v5i3.19519

Konsep keselamatan (al-najāh) merupakan tema sentral dalam studi keislaman, khususnya teologi dan studi hadis. Al-Qur'an menjanjikan surga bagi orang beriman dan beramal saleh, menekankan inklusivitas dan keadilan. Namun, hadis tentang perpecahan umat Islam menjadi 73 golongan menimbulkan problematisasi, karena secara eksplisit menyatakan hanya satu golongan yang selamat, memicu eksklusivisme dan sektarianisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas sanad dan matan hadis tersebut, serta implikasinya terhadap realitas keberagamaan kontemporer. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif berbasis library research, dilakukan kritik sanad menggunakan metode para ulama yang ditulis oleh Syuhudi Ismail dalam bukunya dan kritik matan menggunakan metode Salah al-Dīn al-Idlibī. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sanad hadis dinilai Hasan li ghairihi, namun matannya mengandung kontradiksi dengan Al-Qur'an dan hadis sahih lainnya. Pemahaman tekstual hadis ini berpotensi memicu sektarianisme. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pemahaman kontekstual, mengutamakan persatuan, toleransi, dan moderasi beragama, serta menjadikan aqidah yang berlandaskan Al-Qur'an dan Sunnah sebagai kunci menjaga harmoni sosial umat Islam.

Distingsi antara Hadis, Sunnah, Khabar, dan Atsar: Sebuah Telaah Konseptual dan Perbedaan dalam Perspektif Ulama Lesna Tarida; Muhammad Fatchullah; Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Advan Navis Zubaidi
Almustofa Journal of Islamic Studies and Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Transformasi Pemikiran Islam di Era Digital
Publisher : BAMALA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study examines the conceptual distinctions between the key terms "Hadith," "Sunnah," "Khabar," and "Atsar" within the science of Hadith. While often used interchangeably in Islamic scholarship, these terms carry nuanced differences that have significant methodological implications for hadith research, verification, and transmission. Employing a qualitative approach through library research and descriptive-analytical methods, this study analyzes authoritative classical and contemporary texts to map the definitions, scopes, and scholarly debates surrounding each term. The findings reveal that "Hadith" is the most specific term, strictly referring to narrations attributed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). "Sunnah" has a broader scope, encompassing the Prophet's continuous practice, character, and life journey, and is heavily emphasized in legal theory (Usul al-Fiqh). "Khabar" is a more general term for "news," which, according to various scholarly opinions, can be synonymous with Hadith, refer specifically to non-prophetic reports, or encompass both. "Atsar" predominantly refers to narrations from the Companions and Successors, though it is sometimes used synonymously with Hadith. The research concludes that the semantic complexity and diverse scholarly perspectives on these terms are not merely academic but fundamentally impact the methodology of hadith studies and Islamic legal derivation. A precise understanding of these distinctions is therefore crucial for the integrity and depth of contemporary Islamic research.

A Historical-Philological Reassessment of Al-Arba'ūna fi Al-Tasawwuf and Its Contribution to Early Sufi Engagements with Hadith Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Firdaus, Ahmad; Hazim, M.; Roziqi, Achmad; Zubaidi, Advan Navis
JURNAL AT-TURAS Vol 12, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/at-turas.v12i4.13352

This study analyzes the epistemological intersection between Sufism and Hadith Science through an in-depth examination of the work of Abū ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī, al-Arbaʿūn fī al-Taṣawwuf. Using a historical-philological method, the research reveals the mechanism of the "methodological dialogue" initiated by al-Sulamī, which seeks to reconcile the authority of hadith transmission (naql) with the spiritual epistemology of Sufism (kashf). Empirical philological findings indicate that the majority of hadiths in this collection are of weak (ḍaʿīf) or even fabricated (mawḍūʿ) status, yet doctrinally, al-Sulamī strategically employs them to construct a Sufi ethical-spiritual foundation centered on the concepts of zuhud, maḥabbah, and maʿrifah. This study clearly distinguishes between the findings of problematic sanad authenticity and al-Sulamī's interpretative claims that validate hadith through the alignment of meaning (ṣiḥḥat al-maʿnā) and spiritual considerations. The resulting epistemological insight demonstrates that this work is not merely a harmonious reconciliation, but rather a negotiation arena reflecting the creative tension between the historical-textual authority of the muhaddithūn and the inner experiential authority of the Sufis within the medieval Islamic intellectual tradition.

ISTINBĀṬ AL-MAQĀṢID AL-SYARĪ‘AH SEBAGAI METODE PEMAHAMAN HADIS LARANGAN SAFAR PEREMPUAN TANPA MAḤRAM Azhary, Muhammad Royyan Faqih; Bahtiar; Firdaus, Ahmad; Firdaus, Mohamad Anang; Zubaidi, Advan Navis
QANUN: Journal of Islamic Laws and Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): QANUN: Journal of Islamic Laws and Studies
Publisher : ASIAN PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58738/qanun.v4i2.1154

Penelitian ini meneliti hadits yang melarang wanita bepergian tanpa mahram melalui lensa al-maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Tinjauan literatur dari sumber-sumber primer menunjukkan bahwa larangan tersebut bersifat kontekstual, dengan ‘illah utamanya adalah kondisi keamanan yang rentan pada masa Nabi. Analisis maqāṣid mengungkapkan tujuan mendasar dari Syariah, yaitu perlindungan kehidupan (ḥifẓ al-nafs) dan pelestarian martabat wanita (ḥifẓ al-‘irḍ). Dalam konteks modern, di mana sistem transportasi dan langkah-langkah keamanan telah maju secara signifikan, esensi dari maqāṣid ini dapat dipenuhi melalui mekanisme selain kehadiran fisik mahram. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemahaman hadits harus mempertimbangkan perubahan konteks sosial untuk mempertahankan relevansinya, tanpa mengabaikan nilai-nilai inti Syariah.

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