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Rosyunita, Rosyunita
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Profile of Staphylococcus aureus Originating from Nasal Cavity Swabs of Food Handlers at the University of Mataram Canteen Candrawati, Tania Happy; Hasbi, Nurmi; Rosyunita, Rosyunita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8742

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacteria that is widespread on human skin and mucosa and can cause a range of ailments, from food poisoning to serious and life-threatening infections. Food handlers are directly linked to food hygiene since they can be a source of infection. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of S. aureus bacteria in the nasal cavity of canteen handlers in the University of Mataram. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design with a population of all food handlers at the University of Mataram canteen. This study was conducted through the stages of isolation, culture, Gram staining, and biochemical detection. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. This study was conducted on 10 samples of nasal cavity swabs of food handlers in the canteen of the University of Mataram with 5 (50%) positive samples of S. aureus. Meanwhile, the other 5 (50%) samples were indicated to be types of Staphylococcus sp. other species. It can be concluded that the presence of S. aureus was found in food handlers at the University of Mataram Canteen and food handlers are also expected to improve the application of hygiene and sanitation to themselves.
Profile of Gram-Negative Bacteria Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Esbl in The Caecum of Broiler Chickens Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Hasbi, Nurmi; Octora, Metta; Rizqullah, Rifqi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10027

Abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a global problem that causes increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. AMR arises from the irrational use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture. This study aims to determine the profile of Gram-negative ESBL bacteria living in the cecum of broiler chickens. This study is a descriptive exploratory study using 5 chicken cecum samples taken from the Pagesangan market in Mataram city. The obtained bacteria were calculated by placing them on Macconkey agar media to count bacterial colonies. The results of this study showed that 20.1% of bacteria in the chicken cecum could grow on Macconkey media mixed with cefotaxime. Meanwhile, on Macconkey media without cefotaxime, 79.9% were obtained. Based on macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical characteristics, it was found that the gram-negative bacteria obtained were Escherichia coli. In sensitivity tests, it was found that the bacteria were resistant to tetracycline (100%) and ampicillin (100%), and 25% were resistant to chloramphenicol. The conclusion is that gram-negative bacteria found in the cecum of broiler chickens, such as Escherichia coli, are resistant to several antibiotics. These bacteria are resistant to cefotaxime (20.1%), chloramphenicol (25%), tetracycline (100%), and ampicillin (100%).
Antibacterial Activity Test of Sumbawa White Honey against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Hulfifa, Lale Nandita; Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Wardoyo, Eustachius Hagni; Hasbi, Nurmi; Rahim, Adelia Riezka; Arnawati, Ida Ayu; Alamsyah, Abiel Dwi Cahya Firdaus; Vaidika, I Komang Satya; Hazaa, Saskia Safarina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7407

Abstract

Due to their high mortality and morbidity rates, E. coli infections are a serious issue. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a result of this indiscriminate antibiotic use. One approach to address this issue is to utilize natural antimicrobials such as Sumbawa white honey. Sumbawa white honey contains antibacterial components like glucose and fructose (80%), water (17%), polyphenols, and hydrogen peroxide. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of white honey from Sumbawa against E. coli ATCC 25922. The research method employed was a laboratory experiment using a post test only control group design. Antibacterial testing was conducted using disc diffusion at concentrations of 25%, 75%, and 100%, with chloramphenicol as positive control and DMSO as negative control, and honey processing involved dilution. Antibacterial tests were repeated five times  and antibacterial activity was observed based on the diameter of inhibition zones around the disc. The outcomes showed that there was a restraint zone at 100 percent grouping of honey, to be specific 0.90 mm, while at 25% and 75% fixations there were no hindrance zones. According to the findings of this study, white honey from Sumbawa has a low antibacterial activity (0.90 mm), but this activity is ineffective against E. coli ATCC 25922. Further identification of the chemical components in Sumbawa white honey that are primarily responsible its antibacterial effect.
Analysis Antimicrobial Activity of Sumbawa White Honey against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 Alamsyah, Abiel Dwi Cahya Firdaus; Hasbi, Nurmi; Rosyunita, Rosyunita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7467

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major bacteria causing health problems in humans, such as skin infections, abscesses, sepsis, pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been identified since 1990. Consequently, research into alternative antibiotics utilizing natural products is crucial, one of which is honey. Honey is chosen due to its antibacterial properties, including sugars, hydrogen peroxide, phenolic compounds, and others. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of white honey from Sumbawa against S. aureus ATCC 25293. The research method employed was experimental in a laboratory setting using a post-test only control group design. The honey was processed by dilution, and antibacterial testing was conducted using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 25%, 75%, 100%, with chloramphenicol as positive control and DMSO as negative control. The antibacterial test was repeated five times, and antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the diameter of inhibition zones around the discs. The results showed inhibition zones for honey at concentrations of 25%, 75%, 100% measuring 1.33 mm, 4.60 mm, and 7.33 mm respectively. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that white honey from Sumbawa exhibits antibacterial activity of weak to moderate strength, but its effectiveness against S. aureus ATCC 25293 is relatively low. Further identification of antibacterial compounds in Sumbawa white honey is recommended for quantitative analysis.
Profile and Antibiotic Assay of Cefotaxime-Resistant Lactic Acid Bacteria from The Caecum of Broiler Chickens Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Wardoyo, Eustachius Hagni; Rahim, Adelia Riezka; Nurmi , Hasbi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7850

Abstract

A health problem associated with increasing antibiotic resistance, the silent pandemic kills 700,000 people a year, mostly in Asia and Africa. In the case of probiotic or lactic acid bacteria, antibiotic resistance can enhance nutrient absorption in the host and prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. To address this, the WHO has suggested using the One Health Tricycle strategy, which entails monitoring people, the environment, and animals. One facet of this investigation is animals, specifically chickens. This study aims to identify the antibiotic resistance and profile of cefotaxime-resistant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from broiler chicken cecum. Isolating LAB from the chicken's cecum is one of the techniques employed. After calculating the prevalence of resistant bacteria, the bacteria were characterized as macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemically. Testing the antibiotics against LAB was the next stage. According to the study's findings, the bacterial colonies were tiny to medium-sized, white, spherical, and convex, with complete margins. Gram-positive bacilli were identified by Gram staining. The findings of the biochemical tests were negative for oxidative and catalase, positive for glucose, and negative for other biochemical tests. According to antibiotic sensitivity testing, LAB was 90.9% resistant to Vancomycin, 63.63% to Chloramphenicol, and 100% to Erythromycin, Aztreonam, and Ceftriaxone. According to these findings, LAB in the chicken caecum has become resistant to several antibiotics. To give a better picture of the balance between pathogenic and helpful bacteria in the chicken cecum, more LAB testing against pathogenic bacteria is required.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Centella asiatica by Soxhletation Extraction Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Anggraeni, Baiq Annisa Ulfi; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Rosyunita, Rosyunita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8075

Abstract

Treatment of P. aeruginosa infection often involves antibiotics but these bacteria can develop resistance. An alternative strategy is developing drugs from natural ingredients such as gotu kola herb (Centella asiatica) which contains potential antibacterial secondary metabolites. This study aims to test the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of C. asiatica extracted by the soxhletation method against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and identify the secondary metabolites. The research used laboratory experiment using the disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) in vitro. It includes 3 treatment groups with concentrations of 5.000 ppm, 7.500 ppm, and 10.000 ppm and 2 control groups: positive (colistin) and negative (DMSO 10%). The diameter of the inhibition zone served as an indicator of activity, and each group was reproduced five times. The biggest inhibitory zone diameter, with an average of 3 mm, was formed by the C. asiatica ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 7.500 ppm, according to the results. Secondary metabolites such triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolics were detected by phytochemical analyses. The ethyl acetate fraction of C. asiatica exhibited antibacterial activity against clinical isolate P. aeruginosa, as demonstrated by the significant difference between all concentration series with the positive control in the Mann-Whitney post-hoc test results.
Identification of Antibiotic-Resistant Gram Positive Bacteria from Broiler Caecum in The Slaughterhouse of Mataram City Rizqullah, Rifqi; Wardoyo, Eustachius Hagni; Rahim, Adelia Riezka; Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Hasbi, Nurmi; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8466

Abstract

The subtherapeutic use of antibiotics as Antimicrobial Growth Promoters (AGPs) in broilers has accelerated Antimicrobial Drug Resistance (AMR) in gut microbiota, posing a global threat. This study aimed to analyze the population, morphology, catalase test results, and antibiotic sensitivity of erythromycin and vancomycin to cefotaxime-resistant Gram-positive bacteria in the caecum of broilers from Mataram City slaughterhouses. Using exploratory descriptive method, five caecum samples were analyzed by Total Plate Count (TPC) on Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA) media with and without cefotaxime, and incubated on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA). Results revealed uniform bacterial morphology on MRSA (small, round, convex, entire edge, white, Gram-positive colonies) but varied morphologies on MSA. Catalase tests were negative on MRSA but mixed on MSA. Resistance to erythromycin and vancomycin was 80% on MRSA, while on MSA, erythromycin resistance reached 62.5% with variable vancomycin inhibition zones. The prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant bacteria was 5.24%. This study highlights diverse morphological, catalase, and antibiotic sensitivity profiles in cefotaxime-resistant bacteria, particularly on MSA. These findings underscore the need for stricter antibiotic use regulations and further research to mitigate AMR spread in poultry production.
Comparison of Wet Mount, Kato-Katz, and Sedimentation Methods in Detecting Soil Transmitted Helminth Infections in Indonesia Rahim, Adelia Riezka; Triani, Eva; Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Hasbi, Nurmi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10281

Abstract

Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) remain highly prevalent in Indonesia and continue to pose a major public health concern, particularly in areas with limited diagnostic capacity. Reliable and cost-effective detection methods are crucial for accurate surveillance and the success of national deworming programs. This study aims to compare three commonly used microscopic techniques (wet mount, Kato-Katz, and sedimentation) to evaluate their diagnostic performance and suitability for use in resource-limited settings through a literature review. Wet mount is rapid and inexpensive but limited by low sensitivity in light infections. The Kato-Katz method, endorsed by the World Health Organization as the gold standard, offers higher sensitivity and enables egg quantification, though its performance decreases when only a single sample is examined. Sedimentation is useful for detecting heavier trematode eggs and is relatively simple to perform, but sensitivity remains a challenge. Overall, while all three techniques are feasible in resource-limited settings, their effectiveness depends on infection intensity, sample handling, and examiner skill. Training and quality control are therefore essential to improve diagnostic accuracy and support ongoing STH control programs in Indonesia.
Tropical Fruit Peel Extracts and Their Potential in Antibacterial Product Formulation: A Literature Review Hasbi, Nurmi; Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Hanifa, Nisa Isnaeni; Wardoyo, Eustachius Hagni; Rahim, Adelya Riezka
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10360

Abstract

Bacterial infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms remain a serious global health issue, exacerbated by the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance. Although synthetic antibacterial agents are effective, concerns have arisen regarding their long-term toxicity, bioaccumulation, and environmental impact. Consequently, the exploration of natural, safe, and eco-friendly antibacterial sources has gained significant attention. Tropical fruit peels, which are abundant agro-industrial by-products, contain diverse bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids that exhibit strong antibacterial potential. This literature review systematically evaluates the potential of tropical fruit peel extracts as active ingredients in antibacterial product formulations. Using a systematic review method, articles were collected from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published between 2015–2025 that assessed the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from tropical fruit peels against bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The findings indicate that peels of pineapple (Ananas comosus), banana (Musa spp.), mango (Mangifera indica), papaya (Carica papaya), pomelo (Citrus maxima), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), and durian (Durio zibethinus) show significant antibacterial activity. These extracts have been successfully formulated into antiseptic soaps, hand sanitizers, nanoemulgels, and herbal mouthwashes, offering effective and sustainable alternatives to synthetic antibacterial agents.
Co-Authors Alamsyah, Abiel Dwi Cahya Firdaus Anggraeni, Baiq Annisa Ulfi Arnawati, Ida Ayu Candrawati, Tania Happy Eustachius Hagni Wardoyo Hanifa, Nisa Isnaeni Hasbi, Nurmi - Hazaa, Saskia Safarina Hulfifa, Lale Nandita Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana Metta Octora Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul Nurmi , Hasbi Rahim, Adelia Riezka Rahim, Adelya Riezka Rizqullah, Rifqi Triani, Eva Vaidika, I Komang Satya