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All Journal Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal Journal of Innovative and Creativity Ulil Albab Jurnal Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Ema Septaria
Universitas Bengkulu
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Pelanggaran Imunitas Diplomatik oleh Petugas Imigrasi Indonesia Kajian Yuridis terhadap Konvensi Wina 1961 Anesva Sari Della; Zahra Utami Aprilia; Firdhan Azhim Akbar; Ema Septaria; M. Ilham Adepio
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v5i2.408

Abstract

Diplomatic Immunity is one of the important things in international relations, which is regulated by the 1961 Vienna Convention to protect diplomats in carrying out their duties. However, the application of this immunity often poses challenges, especially when there is tension between international law and domestic law. Such as in the incident involving Nigerian diplomats who were attacked by Indonesian immigration officers in 2021. This incident raises the question of how the Principle of Diplomatic Immunity Relates to Indonesian Immigration Law and How the Implementation of Indonesian Immigration Law Policy is in the Case of Nigerian Diplomats. This study uses a normative approach with the Statute Approach method, namely the approach to statutory regulations consisting of legal materials and is of a library research nature. The results of this study indicate that, although Indonesia has a strict immigration policy, the protection of diplomatic rights based on the 1961 Vienna Convention has not been fully implemented. Weaknesses in the understanding of officers require increased training on diplomatic immunity, integrated supervision, and alignment of immigration regulations to prevent diplomatic conflicts and maintain the stability of international relations. This study suggests that Indonesia can strengthen immigration officer training on diplomatic immunity, as well as align immigration regulations with the principle of diplomat protection to prevent escalation of diplomatic conflicts and maintain its global reputation.
Kedudukan Perjanjian Internasional Bagi Indonesia Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Dan Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2000 Tentang Perjanjian Internasional Dian Alya; Yolanda Fitri; Windia Febrica Stevany; Ema Septaria; M. Ilham Adepio
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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Abstract

The development of globalization has increased Indonesia’s involvement in international treaties, creating the need for legal certainty in their implementation at the national level. This study aims to analyze the position of international treaties within the Indonesian legal system based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law Number 24 of 2000 concerning International Treaties. The research method used is normative juridical with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results show that international treaties have a constitutional basis in Article 11 of the 1945 Constitution and require ratification to be applicable in national law, reflecting a moderate dualism approach. However, their position within the hierarchy of laws and regulations is not explicitly regulated, which may lead to normative conflicts. Furthermore, constitutional supremacy remains the fundamental principle in Indonesia’s legal system.
Perjanjian Internasional Sebagai Sumber Hukum Internasional Dalam Praktik Hubungan Antar Negara Mutiara Deja Saputri; Nabila Zahra Okta Dwiwani; Ema Septaria; M. Ilham Adepio
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal arrangements of diplomatic immunity and examine the form of abuse of such immunity by diplomatic officials in the practice of international relations. In addition, this study also discusses the legal implications arising from the abuse of diplomatic immunity and efforts to counter it. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach, supported by literature studies through various primary and secondary legal sources. The results of the study show that diplomatic immunity as stipulated in the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 is a functional legal instrument to ensure the smooth implementation of diplomatic duties, not as an absolute right for diplomatic officials. However, in practice, there are still frequent abuses of diplomatic immunity in various forms, ranging from administrative violations, civil violations in commercial activities, to serious criminal acts. These abuses show that there is a gap between legal norms and their implementation in the field. The legal implications of the abuse of diplomatic immunity include the inhibition of law enforcement in the recipient country, the emergence of potential impunity, and the disruption of diplomatic relations between countries. Therefore, countermeasures are needed through the optimization of diplomatic legal mechanisms, such as the implementation of persona non grata and waiver of diplomatic immunity, as well as strengthening supervision by sending countries and increasing international cooperation. Thus, it is hoped that a balance will be created between the protection of diplomatic functions and law enforcement in international relations.
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelanggaran Kedaulatan Di Laut Natuna Utara Oleh Kapal Asing Lea Laska Arepa; Muhammad Farraz Syaviq; Ema Septaria; Arimbi Fajari Furqon
ULIL ALBAB : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 5 No. 6: Mei 2026
Publisher : CV. Ulil Albab Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jim.v5i6.16618

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum laut internasional dan hukum nasional Indonesia dalam penegakan hukum di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE), serta mengkaji pelaksanaan dan kendala penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran oleh kapal asing di Laut Natuna Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang digunakan meliputi UNCLOS 1982, peraturan perundang-undangan nasional, serta putusan Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara normatif Indonesia memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat dalam menegakkan hukum di ZEE, baik berdasarkan UNCLOS 1982 maupun hukum nasional. Namun, dalam praktiknya, penegakan hukum menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti keterbatasan sarana pengawasan, tumpang tindih kewenangan antar lembaga, serta tekanan geopolitik akibat klaim sepihak China di Laut Cina Selatan. Pelaksanaan penegakan hukum telah dilakukan melalui patroli, penangkapan kapal, dan langkah diplomasi, tetapi efektivitasnya belum optimal. Maka penegakan hukum di Laut Natuna Utara memerlukan penguatan kapasitas pengawasan maritim, peningkatan koordinasi antar lembaga, serta strategi diplomasi yang konsisten guna menjaga kedaulatan dan kepentingan nasional Indonesia.
DUGAAN SPIONASE DAN DAMPAKNYA: ASPEK HUKUM DI BALIK PENUTUPAN KONSULAT CHINA OLEH AMERIKA Dwi Julica Sari; Lili Sintia; Martinus Alexander Simanjuntak; Ridho Kurniawan; Ema Septaria; M. Ilham Adepio
Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan
Publisher : Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/risalahkenotariatan.v6i1.316

Abstract

Abstrak Artikel ini membahas penutupan Konsulat Tiongkok di Houston oleh Amerika Serikat pada tahun 2020, yang menimbulkan implikasi hukum dan diplomatik. Penutupan ini dipicu oleh tuduhan spionase dan pelanggaran keamanan, yang mengarah pada keputusan Amerika Serikat untuk mencabut izin operasional konsulat berdasarkan Konvensi Wina 1963 tentang Hubungan Konsuler. Meskipun tindakan tersebut legal, dari perspektif diplomasi, langkah tersebut dinilai kurang menghormati asas courtesy yang penting dalam menjaga stabilitas hubungan bilateral. Artikel ini menyoroti pentingnya komunikasi diplomatik dan negosiasi sebelum mengambil keputusan drastis yang dapat memperburuk ketegangan antar negara. Kata Kunci: Penutupan Konsulat, Konvensi Wina 1963, Asas Courtesy
Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Diplomatik Arab Saudi Dalam Kasus Pembunuhan Jamal Khashoggi Di Istanbul 2018 Ano Dwi Wijaya; Rindang Saylendra; Adinda Aulia; Ema Septaria; Ilham Adepio
Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan
Publisher : Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/risalahkenotariatan.v6i1.318

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis pelanggaran hukum diplomatik yang dilakukan oleh Arab Saudi dalam kasus pembunuhan jurnalis Jamal Khashoggi di Kantor Konsulat Arab Saudi di Istanbul pada tahun 2018. Berdasarkan Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, Arab Saudi telah melanggar ketentuan Pasal 55 ayat (2) tentang penggunaan gedung konsulat serta prinsip-prinsip dasar hubungan diplomatik, seperti Mutual Consent, Reciprocity, Pacta Sunt Servanda, dan Itikad Baik. Pelanggaran ini menimbulkan pertanggungjawaban internasional bagi Arab Saudi sesuai dengan Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, yang mencakup pemberian restitusi, kompensasi, permintaan maaf formal, serta jaminan ketidakberulangan pelanggaran serupa di masa depan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif yaitu pendekatan konvensi-konvensi internasional yang berkaitan dengan kasus menganalisis dokumen hukum internasional. Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penegakan hukum diplomatik dalam hubungan internasional guna mencegah penyalahgunaan fasilitas diplomatik untuk tindakan yang melanggar hukum, serta mendorong perbaikan dalam sistem hukum internasional terkait pertanggungjawaban negara dalam kasus kejahatan berat seperti pembunuhan berencana terhadap jurnalis.
“Implementasi Prinsip Good Faith dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Laut Cina Selatan: Telaah Yuridis terhadap Penolakan China atas Putusan Arbitrase Berdasarkan Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties” Anesva Sari Della; Ratu Dian Latifah; Handra Anie; Ema Septaria; M. Ilham Adepio
Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan
Publisher : Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/risalahkenotariatan.v6i1.320

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi prinsip itikad baik (good faith) dalam penyelesaian sengketa Laut Cina Selatan, dengan fokus pada penolakan China terhadap putusan Mahkamah Arbitrase Internasional tahun 2016. Dalam konteks sengketa yang melibatkan klaim tumpang tindih antara China, Filipina, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, dan Taiwan, penelitian ini menelaah bagaimana dua instrumen hukum internasional utama, yaitu United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 dan Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) 1969, dijadikan kerangka untuk menilai validitas dan implikasi putusan arbitrase. UNCLOS mengatur batas wilayah laut melalui penarikan garis dasar dan menetapkan hak-hak negara pesisir, sedangkan VCLT menggarisbawahi prinsip pacta sunt servanda yang mengharuskan negara untuk melaksanakan perjanjian dengan itikad baik.Putusan arbitrase pada 12 Juli 2016 menyatakan bahwa klaim historis China melalui Nine-Dash Line tidak memiliki dasar hukum yang sah menurut UNCLOS. Meskipun putusan tersebut telah dihasilkan melalui mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa internasional yang sah, China secara tegas menolak untuk mengakui putusan tersebut, dengan alasan bahwa mahkamah tidak memiliki yurisdiksi atas sengketa ini. Penolakan tersebut dinilai bertentangan dengan prinsip itikad baik sebagaimana diatur dalam VCLT dan menimbulkan tantangan serius terhadap penegakan hukum internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui telaah pustaka terhadap doktrin, literatur, dan putusan pengadilan internasional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penolakan China tidak hanya melemahkan sistem penyelesaian sengketa internasional, tetapi juga dapat menyebabkan ketidakstabilan regional melalui peningkatan ketegangan geopolitik. Oleh karena itu, penerapan prinsip itikad baik menurut VCLT merupakan landasan penting untuk memelihara kepercayaan dan stabilitas dalam penyelesaian sengketa internasional, sehingga negara-negara harus berkomitmen menghormati putusan yang sudah dihasilkan melalui mekanisme hukum yang telah disepakati bersama. Kata kunci: Sengketa Laut Cina Selatan; perjanjian internasional; Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties; implementasi; implikasi.
Analisis Konflik Antara Kekebalan Diplomatik dan Tanggung Jawab Hukum pada Kasus Raymond Allen Davis Balqis Sabilla; Saroza Idramsyah Raihan; Handra Anie; Ema Septaria; M. Ilham Adepio
Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan
Publisher : Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/risalahkenotariatan.v6i1.344

Abstract

   
Implementation of the Attributed Authority of the Bengkulu Provincial Environmental Agency (DLHK) in the Legal Protection of Rafflesia arnoldii as an Endemic Flora Varik Farsyak; Ridho Saputra; Ema Septaria; Edra Satmaidi; Muhammad Syirazi Neyasyah
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v5i2.1733

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the position and limits of the attribution authority of the Environment and Forestry Service (DLHK) of Bengkulu Province in protecting Rafflesia arnoldii as an endemic flora, and to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of legal protection instruments in addressing the threat of habitat destruction and illegal exploitation. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach, supported by limited empirical data through literature study. The results show that DLHK has strong and independent attribution authority based on the Law on Conservation of Biological Natural Resources and the Law on Regional Government, with the scope of regulatory, supervisory, law enforcement, and coordination functions. However, the implementation of legal protection for Rafflesia arnoldii has not been optimal. This is due to the high level of habitat destruction due to human activities, the persistence of illegal exploitation, limited institutional resources, and weak supervision and law enforcement. In addition, low public awareness also exacerbates this condition. Therefore, more comprehensive efforts are needed through strengthening institutional capacity, improving law enforcement, sustainable habitat protection, and community involvement in conservation activities. Thus, it is hoped that protection of Rafflesia arnoldii can be more effective and sustainable.
Co-Authors Adinda Aulia Anesva Sari Della Anesva Sari Della Ano Dwi Wijaya Arimbi Fajari Furqon Balqis Sabilla Dian Alya Dwi Julica Sari Edra Satmaidi Firdhan Azhim Akbar Handra Anie Ilham Adepio Lea Laska Arepa Lili Sintia M. Ilham Adepio Martinus Alexander Simanjuntak Muhammad Farraz Syaviq Muhammad Syirazi Neyasyah Mutiara Deja Saputri Nabila Zahra Okta Dwiwani Ratu Dian Latifah Ridho Kurniawan Ridho Saputra Rindang Saylendra Saroza Idramsyah Raihan Varik Farsyak Windia Febrica Stevany Yolanda Fitri Zahra Utami Aprilia