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Mikailla, Romy Healthy
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Functional Disorders of the Biliary System: Biliary Dyskinesia and Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Wardana, Shira Putri; Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan; Ramadhan, Panji Sena; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9955

Abstract

Functional biliary disorders are conditions caused by biliary dysmotility without the presence of gallstones, sludge, microlithiasis, or microcrystalline disease. The most common functional biliary disorders are biliary dyskinesia and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. This study employed a literature review method by searching and reviewing various references from online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. Functional biliary disorders such as biliary dyskinesia and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction often cause biliary pain without gallstones. Although not life-threatening, these disorders can affect quality of life and require appropriate management. Pharmacological treatments such as NSAIDs and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can help alleviate symptoms of biliary disorders, but surgical interventions such as cholecystectomy and sphincterotomy may be necessary for more severe cases. The choice of treatment method should take into account the risks and complications, and be carried out by an experienced medical team.
A Systematic Literature Review of The Bronchiectasis Anugrah, Yunan Prabu Jaya; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9994

Abstract

Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition marked by irreversible dilation of the bronchi, leading to persistent cough and excessive sputum production. This study aims to describe the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management strategies of bronchiectasis, with emphasis on current approaches relevant to the Indonesian context. A narrative literature review was conducted using national and international sources. Key clinical and radiological findings, treatment modalities, and prognosis indicators were summarized, with reference to validated scoring systems such as FACED and Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI). Bronchiectasis is most prevalent among women and the elderly. Common etiologies include post-infectious lung disease, cystic fibrosis, and chronic inflammation. HRCT is the gold standard for diagnosis. Management focuses on airway clearance, antibiotic therapy, and reducing exacerbations. Prognosis varies depending on severity, but early and personalized treatment improves outcomes. Bronchiectasis remains under-recognized in Indonesia, despite its significant burden. Timely diagnosis using HRCT and targeted therapy can improve patient quality of life and reduce complications. Efforts should be made to increase clinical awareness, improve diagnostic access, and promote preventive measures such as immunization, smoking cessation, and early treatment of respiratory infections.
Osteochondroma: A Literature Review with Case Illustrations Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan; Aliyyu, Aisah; Zubaedi, Alisha Chaerani; Prawiro, Aurellia Wongso; Remtaya, Baiq; Rameci, Hadil Hudati Awwari; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Kusuma, I Gusti Ketut Artha Jaya; Ramadhan, Panji Sena; Mikailla, Romy Healthy
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10183

Abstract

Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor, typically discovered during periods of skeletal growth. Although frequently asymptomatic, it may cause pain, deformity, neurovascular compression, or in rare instances undergo malignant transformation into secondary chondrosarcoma. This study presents a case-based literature review to illustrate the spectrum of clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of osteochondroma. Three representative cases were analyzed: a 52-year-old female with talar osteochondroma presenting with ankle pain and swelling; a 17-year-old male with distal femoral osteochondroma manifesting as a posterior thigh mass with minimal symptoms; and a 26-year-old female with Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME) who developed secondary chondrosarcoma. The comparison highlights that solitary lesions are often managed effectively with simple excision, while HME carries a higher risk of malignant transformation requiring more complex interventions, such as total hip replacement and adjuvant radiotherapy. Overall, osteochondroma generally has an excellent prognosis; however, careful evaluation and long-term monitoring are crucial, particularly in patients with HME.
Chronic Anal Fissure: A Literature Review Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Wardana, Shira Putri; Aisyah S.F., Nadine; Sena R., Panji; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10139

Abstract

Chronic anal fissure is a common anorectal condition characterized by persistent mucosal tears that cause severe pain and reduced quality of life. Effective management is essential, as many cases show poor response to conservative treatment. This study aims to review recent advances in the diagnosis and management of chronic anal fissure. A literature review was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest using the keywords “Chronic Anal Fissure OR Persistent Anal Fissure,” applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure relevance and scientific quality. The findings indicate that conservative therapy achieves healing in only about 50% of patients, while others require pharmacological or surgical interventions. Newer modalities, including topical calcium channel blockers, botulinum toxin injections, and modified surgical techniques such as anal advancement flap, demonstrate higher success rates with fewer complications. Furthermore, multitarget topical formulations have recently emerged as promising therapeutic options. In conclusion, the management of chronic anal fissure is evolving toward more effective and safer strategies. Further research is recommended to validate multitarget therapies and to develop individualized treatment approaches that improve patient outcomes and long-term quality of life.
Lung Abscess: Literature Review of Risk Factors, Classification, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Prevention Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Anugrah, Yunan Prabu Jaya; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Ajmala, Indana Eva
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10343

Abstract

A lung abscess is the formation of a thick-walled cavity filled with purulent material due to suppuration and necrosis of the lung parenchyma. Cases of lung abscess are relatively rare today and were most common in the pre-prebiotic era due to the lack of treatment for bacterial infections. This literature review aims to obtain information related to lung abscess its etiology, diagnostics, and treatment options. The article was compiled using a literature search through databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keyword "lung abscess." The findings indicate that lung abscess is a condition characterized by the formation of a pus-filled cavity resulting from suppuration and necrosis of lung tissue. This disease is commonly caused by anaerobic bacterial infection, although aerobic bacteria may also play a role. Despite its relatively low incidence today, lung abscess remains an important clinical problem as it can arise as a complication of pneumonia or tuberculosis. Diagnosis is established through medical history, physical examination, and supporting investigations such as radiology and sputum culture. Management includes long-term antibiotic therapy, drainage, and surgical intervention for refractory cases. Preventive efforts involve maintaining oral hygiene, reducing alcohol consumption, and avoiding aspiration risk factors. Therefore, comprehensive understanding of the definition, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of lung abscess is essential to support clinical practice in pulmonary medicine.
Co-Authors Aghni, Hasna Tazkia Aisyah S.F., Nadine Ajmala, Indana Eva Aliyyu, Aisah Anugrah, Yunan Prabu Jaya Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan Hasanah, Mielosita Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila Kusuma, I Gusti Ketut Artha Jaya Nitzana, Lale Nubya Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Prawiro, Aurellia Wongso Ramadhan, Panji Sena Rameci, Hadil Hudati Awwari Remtaya, Baiq Sena R., Panji Wardana, Shira Putri Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini Zubaedi, Alisha Chaerani