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Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Relationship Between the Variety of Complementary Foods (MP-ASI) for Children Aged 6-24 Months and Incidence of Stunting Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha; Nurbaiti, Lina; Paramaiswari, Nurul Firdausi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10302

Abstract

The first 6–24 months of life is a critical “golden period” of rapid growth during which adequate and diverse nutrition is crucial. Low dietary diversity during the introduction of complementary foods (MP-ASI) can increase the risk of chronic malnutrition and stunting, and the persistently high prevalence of stunting in Central Lombok motivates investigation into the role of MP-ASI variation on linear growth. This cross-sectional, observational analytical study aimed to determine whether MP-ASI variation is associated with stunting in children aged 6–24 months in the Puyung Community Health Center area. Data were collected from October–December 2024 on ninety mother-child pairs or caregivers selected using stratified random sampling. Of the 90 children, 26 (28.9%) had inadequate MP-ASI variation (<5 food groups/day) and 49 (54.5%) were classified as stunted. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test showed no statistically significant association between variations in complementary feeding and stunted growth (p = 0.693). Variations in complementary feeding were not significantly associated with stunted growth in children aged 6–24 months in the Puyung Community Health Center area. Nutrition programs should continue to promote dietary diversity in addition to interventions that address sanitation, maternal nutrition, and other contextual determinants of stunted growth.
Cerebral Palsy: Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management Damayanti, Ida Ayu Andara; Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha; Andini, Syabila; Hanifah, Hanum Retno; Wiguna, I Made Danuarta; Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Sabrina, Khansa Aulia; Khotimah, Andi Husnul; Wardana, Shira Putri; Rizqullah, Rifqi; Haikal, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10564

Abstract

Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neuromotor disorder and the leading cause of motor disability in children worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to examine the risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of cerebral palsy based on recent scientific literature. This article includes a systematic literature review using the PRISMA method and selected 15 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the systematic literature review were obtained risk factors for cerebral palsy include intrauterine infection, preeclampsia, premature birth, asphyxia, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and hyperbilirubinemia. These risk factors can disrupt neurogenesis and brain maturation, leading to structural and functional damage to the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations of cerebral palsy include impaired muscle tone, abnormal reflexes, and postural deformities, classified as spastic, dyskinetic, and ataxic, and assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The diagnosis of cerebral palsy is established through evaluation of the clinical history, neurological/motor examination, neuroimaging, and genetic testing. Cerebral palsy management aims to improve functionality, ability, and health in movement, cognition, social interaction, and independence. Non-pharmacological management focuses on physiotherapy and occupational therapy to improve motor skills, reduce spasticity, and support independence. The mainstay of pharmacotherapy in cerebral palsy management uses systemic medications that are symptom-based and directed at specific movement disorders.
Diverticulitis: A Literature Review Husnul Khotimah, Andi; Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan; Haikal, Muhammad; Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Zubaedi, Alisha Chaerani; Hanifah, Hanum Retno; Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10317

Abstract

Diverticulitis is an inflammatory disease of the intestinal wall that often occurs in the elderly and is commonly located in the sigmoid colon. Risk factors for diverticulitis include a low-fiber diet, obesity and smoking, while physical activity and a healthy diet can lower the risk. Treatment of diverticulitis includes the use of selective antibiotics, especially in patients with complications or high risk, and surgical intervention may be required in complicated cases. The prognosis of the disease depends on age, severity, and the presence of complications, with a significant risk of recurrence in some patients. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of the definition, classification, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, management, complications, prognosis, and prevention of diverticulitis. This literature review was conducted using a literature study method, with data sources obtained from online databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Google Scholar.
Cerebral Stroke Secondary to Decompression Ilness (DCI): Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management Khairifathiyyah, Khairifathiyyah; Aryasta, Ida Bagus Putra Bayu; Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha; Untari, Lania Pradiva; Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia; Hunaifi, Ilsa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10783

Abstract

Decompression illness (DCI) encompasses two major diving-related disorders: decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE). Both conditions are characterized by the formation of gas bubbles that act as the primary mechanism of tissue injury, resulting in overlapping clinical manifestations and similar therapeutic approaches. This study aims to review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of DCI that presents with stroke-like neurological symptoms. The method used was a literature review approach based on current evidence from recent scientific publications. Findings show that DCS occurs when dissolved inert gases, such as nitrogen, become supersaturated during ascent and form bubbles within tissues and the venous circulation. AGE typically arises from pulmonary barotrauma, allowing trapped gas to enter the pulmonary veins and reach the arterial circulation, with the brain as the most vulnerable target organ. DCI is considered a medical emergency requiring definitive management with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Neurological manifestations of DCI often resemble conventional ischemic stroke but demonstrate distinct clinical and temporal patterns related to pressure changes. Therefore, in addition to recompression therapy, patients may require standard acute stroke management. Prognosis depends heavily on the promptness of diagnosis and treatment, as early intervention is critical to preventing permanent neurological injury.
Co-Authors Andini, Syabila Aryasta, Ida Bagus Putra Bayu Damayanti, Ida Ayu Andara Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan Hanifah, Hanum Retno Husnul Khotimah, Andi Ilsa Hunaifi, Ilsa Khairifathiyyah, Khairifathiyyah Khotimah, Andi Husnul Lina Nurbaiti, Lina Muhammad Haikal Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia Paramaiswari, Nurul Firdausi Rizqullah, Rifqi Sabrina, Khansa Aulia Untari, Lania Pradiva Wardana, Shira Putri Wiguna, I Made Danuarta Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini Zubaedi, Alisha Chaerani