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Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 23018119     EISSN : 24431354     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Terhitung sejak tahun 2014, Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Fakultas Teknolgi Pangan dan Agroindustri Universitas Mataram telah menerbitkan secara online Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem (JRPB) sehingga dapat diakses secara luas. Jurnal ini pada umumnya memuat hasil-hasil penelitian dari mahasiswa, peneliti, akademisi, praktisi, dan pemerhati di bidang teknik pertanian dan biosistem. JRPB berupaya menjaga eksistensi penerbitannya dan berharap jurnal ini dapat menjadi salah satu media publikasi bagi semua pihak yang meminati kajian-kajian ilmiah dalam bidang ilmu Teknologi Pertanian.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 218 Documents
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Pemetaan Prediksi Erosi Tanah pada Litologi Breksi Argopura Lereng Gunung Argopura dengan Pendekatan Survai Menggunakan Metode USLE dan SIG Basuki, Basuki; Saputra, Tri Wahyu; Mutmainnah, Laily; Setiawati, Tri Candra; Mandala, Marga; Sari, Vega Kartika
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i2.583

Abstract

Soil erosion is the loss of land or part of the land from one place to another due to water and wind factors. Land use on the slopes of Mount Argopura has been partly converted to seasonal crops and plantation crops, especially sugar cane. There have been changes, such as in the rainy season, when water flowing into the downstream areas is murky, carrying thick mud. This condition indicates that soil erosion is occurring. The aim of the research is to assess and predict the hazard level of soil erosion in mountainous area of Argopura with the lithology of the Argopura breccia by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method and geographic information systems (GIS). The results showed that the  mountainous area of Argopura is mostly covered by the heavy category area, with soil loss of 180–480 tons/ha/year and an area distribution reaching 1,502.49 ha (37.59%). The distribution in the heavy category was found in land use type of moorland and paddy fields, both irrigated and rainfed. The potential for soil erosion in the very heavy category with a soil loss rate of >480 tons/ha/year covers an area of 508.52 ha (12.72%). The very heavy category is partly due to the use of jungle land and steep slopes, so cultivation carried out on this land needs to be replaced with plant conservation, which can reduce soil erosion.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Microwave Oven terhadap Proses Sterilisasi Buah Kelapa Sawit Sovia, Eli; Rahmi, Silvi Leila; Fortuna, Dewi
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.585

Abstract

The sterilization of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) purpose is to deactivate the lipase enzyme, soften the fruit pulp, and loosen the fruit from the bunch, an important process affecting oil quality. Palm oil mills generally require around 410-455 tonnes of water to produce steam in the sterilization process using boiling vessels and produce 36 tonnes of liquid waste. One way to reduce liquid waste is the development of the use of microwaves. Research on the use of microwaves in palm fruit sterilization will be the basis for developing microwave designs that are suitable for the CPO industry with capacities of hundreds or thousands of tonnes. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of microwave oven sterilization time on the characteristics of oil palm fruit. This research used a completely randomized design with 7 treatment levels and 4 replications to obtain 28 experimental units. The treatment used was sterilization using a boiling vessel (T0) and the sterilization time for oil palm fruit using a microwave oven: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 minutes will be analyzed using SPSS at 5% level. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that sterilization of oil palm fruit using boiling vessels and microwave ovens have a significant effect on sterilization temperature, water content, yield, Free Fatty Acid, Deterioration of Bleachability Index (DOBI) and carotene. The best treatment is sterilization of oil palm fruit using a microwave oven for 7 minutes with sterilization temperature parameters 94.06ºC, water content 0.55%, yield 17.81%, FFA 0.51%, DOBI 3.88nm and carotene 675.52ppm.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Kacang Merah pada Grit Jagung dan Suhu Barrel Terhadap Sifat Fisik Ekstrudat Rahmawati, Dian Kharisma; Karyadi, Joko Nugroho Wahyu; Susanti, Devi Yuni; Samodra, Ailsa Saraswati; Mahanani, Riski Sri; Dwinata, Vincentius Ferry Surya; Sinuhaji, Prasetya Febriyansyech Personanta
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.592

Abstract

Corn is widely processed into the main ingredient in making snacks but has a low protein content. Therefore, it is necessary to add protein in the form of beans, especially red beans. The physical characteristics of extrudate as a result of extrusion processing can be determined by material composition and barrel temperature factors. This study aims to determine the effect of material composition treatment and barrel temperature on the physical properties of extrudate made from corn grit and red bean flour. There are three levels of red bean addition, namely, 10%, 20%, and 30% with variations of temperature 120°C, 130°C, and 140°C.  Physical quality parameters measured in the form of moisture content, expansion ratio, bulk density, particle density, water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), and hardness. The extrudate produced is in accordance with SNI with a moisture content of < 4%. An increase in barrel temperature affects the increase in expansion ratio and decrease in moisture content, bulk density, particle density, WAI, WSI, and hardness. The addition of red bean flour caused an increase in moisture content, bulk density, particle density, hardness, and WSI and decrease in the expansion ratio and WAI.
Erosion of Potato Field as Affected by Drainage Canal Intervals of a Horizontal-ridge System Kuncoro, Purwoko Hari; Wijaya, Krissandi; Mustofa, Asna; Sudarmaji, Arief; Sulistyo, Susanto Budi; Soolany, Christian
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.596

Abstract

Previously, horizontal-ridge system has been shown effective in reducing soil erosion. But, it could cause water logging, which is detrimental to crop growth and yield. To solve this problem, drainage canal establishment might be reasonable. However, the evidence remains scarce. In this study, effect of drainage canal intervals on the volume of runoff, soil loss, and nutrient loss (N-total and P-total) were investigated. There were 4 drainage canal intervals applied to the 12 targeted plots (each sized 3 m x 3 m): R0, R1, R1.5, and R2 namely 0 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, and 2 m, respectively. In this case, R0 had no drainage canals and taken as the control. The measured runoff, soil loss, N-total loss, and P-total loss ranged 24.714 – 0.951 m3 ha-1, 0.002 – 0.507 ton ha-1, 0.849 – 204.881 kg ha-1, and 0.685 – 176.505 kg ha-1, respectively. The results revealed that existence of drainage canal increased runoff, soil loss, and nutrient loss compared to the control. Amongst them, R1 gave the highest values of soil and nutrient losses followed by R1.5, R2, and R0 as the lowest, which was probably due to the difference in number of drainage canal existing: 12, 7, 5, and 0, respectively. In addition, it was noticeable for a sufficient data trend conformity of the measured nutrient loss to the data of soil loss, runoff, and rainfall within a positive correlation amongst them. The data further confirmed the effect of soil structure condition on the volume changes of both runoff and soil loss.
Analysis of Sterilizer Oil Losses through Variations in Pressure and Boiling Time with Dominated Fresh Fruit Bunch Overripe Fraction Renjani, Rengga Arnalis; Panjaitan, Boy Doli; Fadhillah, Nabillah Nissya; Purwoto, Harsunu
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.598

Abstract

The problem is that not all FFBs processed daily are more than 90% ripe fruit, causing the yield not to reach the target. This study aims to analyze condensate oil losses from non-standard FFB quality (FFB overripe as much as 25-26%) against time and pressure variations in the sterilizer. The observed indicators include oil losses, moisture content, and non-oil solids (NOS). The study was conducted in 2 stages; the first stage was to test the length of boiling time for each peak stew. The second stage is divided into two pressure variations treatments at each stew's peak. The quantitative presented data is analyzed using simple statistics. All data analyzed statistically is presented in graphical form to visualize the data distribution. In overripe FFB conditions, as much as 25-26% shows that the three best times for peak 1 are 10 minutes with a pressure of 1.0 kg/cm2, peak 2 is 15 minutes with a pressure of 1.5 kg/cm2, and peak 3 is 65 minutes with pressure 3.1 kg/cm2. he best boiling based on the right boiling time to achieve the lowest oil losses is 90–100 minutes in one boiling cycle. If a boiling cycle of 90-100 minutes is carried out, the oil losses achieved are 0.78-0.98%. The longer the boiling process is under FFB overripe, the more oil comes out of the mesocarp and finally comes out mixed with condensate water.
Efektifitas Fraksinasi Kering pada Pengolahan Empulur Sagu dan Pemanfaatan Produk untuk Produksi Etanol abdurachman, Abdurachman; Noor, Erliza; Sunarti, Titi Chandra; Bantacut, Tajuddin; Tjahjono, Agus Eko; Musa, Musa
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.599

Abstract

Starch is more easily converted to sugars and fermented into ethanol. To increase ethanol productivity, a high-gravity fermentation method was developed. Sago trees are starch-producing that do not compete with food crops, but conventional processing has a negative impact on the environment. An alternative technology to minimize environmental impact is dry fractionation, product characteristics are suitable for ethanol production. Analysis of the effectiveness the processing of sago pith and the use of products for ethanol has never been published, so the analysis is carried out based on vertical differences in stem parts and determination of the optimum conditions of the ethanol production using sago starch-rich flour. Yield, starch recovery, starch ennrichment and shift starch are observational variables for the analysis of dry fractionation effectiveness. Starch-rich flour from the results of dry fractionation of each group of stem parts is mixed with a uniform composition and used as a fermentation medium. The one factor at a time (OFAT) experiment design was used to determine the effect of variables on optimal response, and verification is carried out. The distribution of starch granule size, starch content and parenchyma fiber characteristics can affect the effectiveness . Ethanol productivity showed optimum results at liquifaction 80oC for 60 minutes, using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), high gravity fermentation and self-flocating yeast. The application of dry fractionation technology to obtain ethanol raw materials from sago trees has the potential to increase the added value of sago cultivation and the economic value of ethanol to be more competitive.
Aplikasi Zeolit+KMnO4 dan Silika Gel Untuk Memperpanjang Masa Simpan Cabai Rawit Merah (Capsicum frutescens L.) Nurmala, Rike; Darmawati, Emmy; Setyadjit, Setyadjit
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.605

Abstract

Cayenne pepper is a fruit vegetable commodity with a climacteric type of respiration pattern that produces ethylene. This research aims to maintain and extend the shelf life of red cayenne pepper by applying an ethylene adsorber bag (EAB). The material used in this research is red cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) variety ori 212. The research stage is divided into two parts: preliminary research and main research. Measuring the production of ethylene and H2O in red cayenne pepper following harvesting is done in the preliminary stage. The study's primary goal is to preserve and increase the shelf life of red cayenne pepper by using EAB, storing it at 27 ± 2 °C for 10, 15, and 20 days, and then observing the results once the EAB is removed. If the data is normally distributed, it is analyzed using the t-sample test, and if it is not normally distributed with the Mann-Whitney test. The outcomes showed that using EAB to keep red cayenne pepper fresh for 10 days in scenario 1, 15 days in scenario 2, and 18 days in scenario 3 at room temperature (27±2 °C).
Tray Dryer's Performance in the Drying of Banana Slices Using LPG and Wood Stove Susanti, Devi Yuni; Wahyu Karyadi, Joko Nugroho; Arini, Octavia; Fajriyah, Septi Agustiani; Rahayoe, Sri; Amanah, Hanim Zuhrotul
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.608

Abstract

An evaluation was carried out on a simple tray dryer of banana slices in the "sale pisang" production. The dryer is designed to use gas fuel and a wood-burning stove as a source of energy. The dryer's performance is analyzed to evaluate its ability to dry the product efficiently and effectively to prevent excessive heat use. The research aims to analyze the temperature distribution in the drying chamber, the profile of the product's moisture content, the drying rate on each shelf, as well as the efficiency of dryers using gas fuel and wood-burning stoves. At an air speed of 0.0176 m3/s, the drying chamber reaches a maximum temperature of 76.2 ℃ using gas and 66.23 ℃ using a wood stove. The use of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) gives an average room temperature of 73.46 ℃, while the furnace gives a less stable pattern with an average temperature of 63.02 ℃. Drying using LPG occurs more quickly with a constant drying rate and a falling rate period of 0.8262%/hour and 0.01504%/hour, higher than using wood fuel which is 0.5482%/hour and 0.0098 %/hour. Within 400 minutes, the product’s moisture content reached 24.64% using LPG and 36.762 using the furnace. The efficiency for heating the drying air is 28.51% and the drying process efficiency is 27% using 8.6 kilograms of LPG as fuel. Meanwhile, using a furnace energy source, the dryer provides a heating efficiency of 15.9% and a drying efficiency of 7.37% with a fuel consumption of 34.12 kg of wood.
Performa Tungku Hibrid Energi Surya dan Gas untuk Alat Pengering Kabinet dengan Sistem Cerdas Indonesia, Indonesia; Mursalim, Mursalim; Amalia, Anugerah Fitri
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.616

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the performance of a cabinet dryer that uses hybrid solar energy and LPG. Renewable energy is essential for agricultural drying. This hybrid system dryer uses fuzzy logic and expert system technology to optimize the amount of energy used. The test methods include tests of solar collectors, air and gas valves, and drying and energy consumption using 10 kg of fresh sago. The results show that hybrid and non-hybrid (gas only) fulfill sago's temperature and moisture content requirements for drying. With the integration of fuzzy logic and expert system technology, the machine can optimize solar and gas energy efficiency, resulting in 53% out of 100% savings compared to non-hybrid. In addition to energy savings, the operating cost of the hybrid system is cheaper than non-hybrid. In conclusion, applying a solar-LPG hybrid system in a cabinet-type dryer can optimize performance and reduce energy consumption and operating costs.
Penentuan Mutu Cabai Rawit Segar (Capsicum frutescens L.) Berdasarkan Perubahan Warna Selama Penyimpanan MAP Romansyah, Erni; Bintoro, Nursigit; Wahyu Karyadi, Joko Nugroho; Saputro, Arifin Dwi
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 12 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v12i1.622

Abstract

The decline in the quality of cayenne pepper can be seen directly from the color change. The objective of this study was to classify classifies the quality of fresh cayenne pepper based on color changes during storage. In addition, the kinetics model of color change was also established. Samples were stored in 50 µm thick polyethylene (PE) packaging at 15°C. Then, for 14 days, the CIE L* a* b* color was taken. Control storage without packaging at room temperature was carried out as a control. Using PCA analysis, the quality of fresh cayenne pepper could be classified. This study found a more than 99% difference between the two groups of fresh cayenne pepper. PC1 explained 85.6%, PC2 13.5%, total PC 99.1% for T15°C; and PC1 81.6%, PC2 15.7%, total PC 97.3% for the control sample. The rate of color change per day for °Hue followed second-order kinetics, while Chroma and ∆E followed zero-order kinetics of 0.0008, 0.6524, and 1.0822 C-unit-1.hari-1, respectively, for T15°C samples, and 0.0027; 0.8099; and 1.8231 C-unit.hari-1 respectively for control samples.

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