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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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The polypill: the solution for prevention of coronary heart disease? Natadidjaja, Hendarto
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.i-ii

Abstract

In Western countries, cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death and it is expected that it will continue to be so in the near future.(1) If the resulting physical impairment and psychosocial disturbances are also taken into account, clearly this is a serious problem from the viewpoint of productivity, quality of life, as well as community health level. Therefore the institution of preventive measures is an important issue. Unfortunately, however, currently preventive measures that are effective, safe, and at the same time practical and economical, are almost nonexistent.
Protective effect of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L. against theophylline-induced hepatocellular abnormalities in rats Endang Sri Sunarsih; Lukman Hakim; Sugiyanto Sugiyanto; Sumantri Sumantri
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.12-19

Abstract

BackgroundIndole and its derivatives, such as indole acetic acid are active constituents of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) with are known to function as plant growth hormones. Drug metabolism mainly occurs in the liver, so that the possibility of damage to this organ is considerable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cauliflower extract on alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and on the hepatocyte morphology induced by theophylline in Wistar rats.MethodsTwenty Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups. Group I was given only theophylline 20 mg/kg BW. Groups II, III, and IV were given cauliflower extract 200 g/kg BW, for 5, 10, 15 days, and on the last day were given theophylline 20 mg/kg BW. On days 5, 10, and 15 the animals were terminated, their livers taken and observed for microscopic appearance, while blood samples were taken for measuring ALT levels.ResultsCauliflower affected a reduction in ALT levels, mean serum ALT concentration in rats given cauliflower for 5 days (109.86 ± 2.20 IU/L was significant higher compared to rats given cauliflower for 15 days (71.58 ± 3.17 IU/L) (p=0.000). Mean values of histopathologic liver cells in rats given cauliflower for 15 days (1.17 ± 0.01) significant lower compared to rats given cauliflower for 5 days (1.45 ± 0.06) (p=0.000).ConclusionSCauliflower extract reduced the level of ALT and improved the microscopic appearance of hepatic cells in the rats. Cauliflower extract could lead to the development of potent anti-tumor agents for hepatic cancer treatment.
Dendrophthoe pentandra methanolic leaf extract increases progesterone levels in female rats Lazuardi Mochamad; Bambang Hermanto
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.100-108

Abstract

BACKGROUNDHuman infertiliy cases in Indonesia have tended to increase at about 2-5%annually since 2000. Many tropical plants in Indonesia are potential sources of novel anti-infertility compounds, e.g. Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq. (benalu duku), a parasitic plant growing on Lansium domesticum. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of crude methanolic Dendrophthoe pentandra leaf extract on follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and progesterone levels in female rats.METHODSFourteen Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain female rats were divided into anintervention group and a control group, and synchronized to estrus via thepheromone synchronizing method. The intervention group was given daily single intramuscular injections of crude methanolic Dendrophthoe pentandra leaf extract at 100 mg/kgBW for 4 days, while the control group was given daily single intramuscular injections of 1 mL of distilled water. Determination of FSH and progesterone levels in whole blood was done using the Randox Evidence Investigator analyzer. The data were subjected to the t test for two independent samples.RESULTSMean FSH in the intervention group was 9.28 ± 6.72 mIU/mL, which was lower than mean FSH of 24.80 ±16.35 mIU/mL in controls (p<0.05). Mean progesterone level in the intervention group was 33.55±13.96 nmol/L, twice as high as that in the control group, which was 18.47± 06.47 nmol/L (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONSCrude methanolic Dendrophthoe pentandra leaf extract reduces FSH andincreases progesterone levels in female rats, but cannot yet be recommended for use as fertility hormone inhibitor or stimulator in rats.
5α-Oleandrin reduce Bcl-2 protein and increase Bax protein expression on Hela cervical cancer cell Wahyuningsih, Mae Sri Hartati; Mubarika, Sofia; Ganjar, Ibnu G.; Wahyuono, Subagus; Takeya, Tatsuo
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.102-109

Abstract

BACKGROUNDThe leaves of Nerium indicum Mill. have been utilized traditionally to cure cancer. By using Bioassay guided extraction and isolation method, three compounds (NiO-1, NiO-2, NiO-3) were isolated from an active fraction of the CHCl3 extract of N. indicum leaves. NiO-2 identified as 5α- oleandrin is the best cytotoxic compound on HeLa cervical cancer cell in vitro among the other two. However mechanism of action of the compound hasn’t been evaluated yet. The aims of this study were to determine the mechanism of action at molecular level.METHODSThe action mechanism of 5α-oleandrin on HeLa cervical cancer cells was analyzed by staining the cells with Hoechst 33342; the agarose gel electrophoresis was aimed to determine the DNA fragmentation and the western blotting was aimed to determine the Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression.RESULTSIncubation of HeLa cervical cancer cell with 5α-oleandrin at the concentration 3,47x10-4 mM (24 hours) followed by staining with Hoechst 33342, a broken up light blue color of nucleus was observed (compared with intensive color of untreated control). By gel electrophoresis (at the same concentration of the tested compound), a smear band at about 200 bp was observed. In addition, cells treated with 5α-oleandrin displayed a decreasing of the Bcl-2 protein expression and increasing of the Bax protein expressionCONCLUSION5α-oleandrin induced HeLa cervical cancer cells DNA fragmentation observed by the presence of a smear band at about 200 bp indicative the apoptotic occurrence. 5α-oleandrin induces apoptosis by reducing the Bcl-2 protein expression but the Bax protein expression increases.
Obesity contributes toward hypertension in young and older adult Pradono, Julianty; Sintawati, Sintawati
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.96-104

Abstract

BackgroundObesity and hypertension are independent risk factors in the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The proportion of obesity in Indonesia has increased in the last 5 years according to the National Health Survey. The purpose of this research was to obtain the contribution of obesity toward hypertension in the age group of 18 years and above.MethodsAn observational study of cross-sectional design was conducted using the National Basic Health Research 2013 population data. The total sample of subjects was 2,741,297 from 33 provinces in Indonesia. Data were collected through interviews, blood pressure measurement, and anthropometry. Analysis of categorical data was by means of the chi-square statistical test, followed by calculation of the attributable fraction in the population, and analysis of factors influencing the impact fraction.ResultsThe prevalence of general obesity (BMI&gt;25 kg/m2) was 31.5% in males and 48.0% in females, while central obesity was 20.9% in males and 42.5% in females. In females with general obesity the risk of hypertension was 1.84 (95% CI: 1.82-1.86) times higher than in those with normal BMI. If general obesity and central obesity can be reduced, the prevalence of hypertension may be reduced by 2.9% in males and by 12.2% in females.ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension in the age group of 18 years or more can be reduced by 2.9% in males and by 12.2% in females, by overcoming the contribution of obesity. Therefore efforts should be geared towards promoting healthy eating habits and maintaining a healthy weight through health education.
Gender differences in nutritional intake and status in healthy free-living elderly Kusumaratna, Rina K.
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.113-124

Abstract

Malnourishment in the older population is reported to be a consequence of inadequate food intake, underlying diseases, with females being at higher risk and economically more vulnerable. The objective of this study were to determine the patterns of gender differences in nutritional intake and status among free-living elderly in the Jakarta urban area. A cross sectional design was performed on free-living elderly people aged 60 years and older in South Jakarta. A total of 298 free-living elderly were interviewed on demography and social economic status, and assessed on anthropometric measures, two-day nonconsecutive dietary recall and biochemical indices using fasting blood samples. This study showed that most significant gender differences were in daily energy and nutrient intakes. Males had more energy intake 1246.6 kcal compared to female 1043.1 kcal and consumed more carbohydrate 168.1 g, protein 39.7 g, total vitamin A 12229.7 mg, vitamin C 22.3 mg, iron 6.87 mg, and zinc 4.9 mg food sources. Older males had better status indices for anemia than did older females (p=0.009). Older persons who co-resided with family had better dietary nutrient intakes than those living in nuclear families, except for protein, total vitamin A and zinc food sources. There are gender differences in energy, dietary nutrient intake, nutritional status and health status in free-living elderly. Both genders were deficient in all macronutrients and selected micronutrients, especially iron and zinc.
High erector spinae endurance reduced low back pain in postmenopausal women Rachmawati, Maria Regina
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.111-119

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is the most frequent health problem in all age groups, including postmenopausal women, who are at risk of disability, due to degenerative processes affecting all organ systems, including the erector spinae muscles. In addition, postmenopausal women also experience a decrease in esterogen levels, which stimulates osteoclastic activity and initiates a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD). The aims of the present study were to determine the relationship between LBP prevalence and erector spinae endurance, BMD reduction, and body mass index (BMI) respectively. This was a cross-sectional study, conducted on 213 postmenopausal women, selected by simple random sampling. Assessment of pain, expressed on a visual analog scale (VAS), was performed by interviews and measurement of erector spinae muscle endurance time using a modified Biering-Sorensen technique, while BMD was assessed by bone densitometry. The results of the study showed that the postmenopausal women had a mean age of 53.5 ± 3.6 years. The prevalence of LBP and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women was 58.2% and 21.6%, respectively. A significant positive linear correlation was found between BMI and VAS (r=0.165; p=0.016). In addition, the t-test demonstrated a significant difference in mean VAS scores between good and poor erector spinae endurance (p=0.008). However, the chi-square test showed no significant relationship between reduced BMD and LBP (p&gt;0.05). It is recommended that low back pain in postmenopausal women be managed by strengthening exercises of the erector spinae.
Fetal blood vessel count increases in compensation of hypoxia in premature placentas K Kartini; Ahmad A Jusuf; Sri Widia A Jusman; M Ekawati; Ani R Prijanti
Universa Medicina Vol. 34 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2015.v34.35-42

Abstract

BACKGROUND Prematurity refers to live births before 37 weeks of gestation, wherein the baby is born before the body and its organ systems achieve perfect maturity, and this disorder is still a global problem. The high incidence of prematurity is a problem in developing and also in developed countries. Certain conditions accompanying pregnancies like preeclampsia, infection, and placental insufficiency, may trigger uterine hypoxia, causing premature birth. The placental condition is related to the intra-uterine fetal condition. In prolonged placental hypoxia, there occurs a compensatory mechanism, i.e. an increase in placental angiogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hypoxia on fetal blood vessel count as compensatory mechanism for tissue hypoxia. METHODS An observational-analytical cross-sectional design using paraffin blocks of conserved premature placentas, comprising 31 samples of hypoxic premature placentas and 28 samples of non-hypoxic premature placentas, selected using non-random consecutive sampling. The samples were made into slides and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for assessment of histological structure, including fetal blood vessel count and integrity, villus conditions, syncytiotrophoblastic nuclear changes, and syncytiotrophoblastic nuclear aggregation. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the difference of blood vessel count between groups. RESULTS Assessment of histological structure showed a significant increase in fetal blood vessel count in the hypoxic group [8.00 (5-15)] as compared with the non-hypoxic group [7.50 (3-15)]. CONCLUSION The hypoxia in premature placentas caused an increase in the number of fetal blood vessels as a form of compensation for disturbed oxygen homeostasis.
Asiaticoside increases aquaporin-3 protein expression in the cytoplasm of normal human epidermal keratinocytes Wijayadi, Linda Yulianti; Darmawan, Hari
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.25-33

Abstract

IntroductionSkin hydration decreases with aging. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is a major protein that plays a role in skin hydration, therefore it is a novel target for skin moisturizing treatment. Retinoic acid (RA) as a well-known active agent in antiaging treatment increases AQP3 expression, but frequently causes harmful side effects. Asiaticoside, a saponin compound isolated from Centella asiatica (CA) is also known as an antiaging cosmetic and plays a role in wound healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of asiaticoside isolated from CA and the effect of RA on the AQP3 expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs).Methods An experimental laboratory study was performed using primary NHEKs that were derived from the foreskin of a boy. AQP3 expression in NHEKs was examined in vitro after the cells were incubated for 24 hours with asiaticoside or with RA at several concentrations. The AQP3 expression was evaluated by immunocytochemistry and quantitatively analyzed by Image-J software. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data, followed by post-hoc Tukey test.ResultsThere was an increasing trend of AQP3 expression upon exposure to asiaticoside at all concentrations compared to the control group. However, RA exposure seemed to induce a higher level of AQP3 expression. Asiaticoside effected a lower increase in AQP3 expression in NHEKs than did RA (p=0.042). Optimal results were achieved at 1 mg/mL concentration of asiaticoside.ConclusionsAsiaticoside isolated from CA can enhance the AQP3 expression in NHEKs. Therefore it can be used as an active ingredient in cosmetic moisturizer formulation for dry skin treatment.
Merokok dan usia sebagai faktor risiko katarak pada pekerja berusia ³ 30 tahun di bidang pertanian Tana, Lusianawaty; Mihardja, Laurentia; Rif’ati, Lutfah
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.120-128

Abstract

LATAR BELAKANGRuang lingkup penelitian ini adalah peranan faktor merokok dan katarak pada pekerja di bidang pertanian di Kabupaten Karawang. Katarak adalah kelainan mata berupa kekeruhan lensa, yang dapat mengganggu penglihatan bahkan sampai buta. 16% dari jumlah buta katarak di Indonesia terjadi di usia produktif. Salah satu tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan hubungan antara faktor merokok dengan katarak dalam rangka memperlambat katarak. METODERancangan adalah belah lintang. Sampel penelitian adalah petani dan keluarganya di Kecamatan Teluk Jambe Barat Kabupaten Karawang, dengan usia 30 tahun ke atas, yang terpilih secara purposive random sampling. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara, pemeriksaan dan pengukuran. Diagnosis katarak ditentukan oleh dokter spesialis mata dengan ophthalmoscope tanpa midriatika.Hasil Di samping faktor usia, faktor merokok mempunyai hubungan positif dengan katarak. Katarak berhubungan positip dengan merokok. Semakin berat derajat merokok maka semakin tinggi katarak.KesimpulanUsia dan merokok merupakan faktor risiko yang berhubungan positif dengan katarak pada pekerja di bidang pertanian.

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