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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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Allogeneic human dermal fibroblasts are viable in peripheral blood mononuclear co-culture Restu Syamsul Hadi; Indra Kusuma; Yurika Sandra
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.91-99

Abstract

BACKGROUNDTransplanted allogeneic dermal fibroblasts retain stem cell subpopulations, and are easily isolated, expanded and stored using standard techniques. Their potential for regenerative therapy of chronic wounds should be evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine allogeneic fibroblast viability in the presence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).METHODSIn this experimental study, fibroblasts were isolated from foreskin explants, expanded in the presence of serum, and stored using slow-freezing. We used one intervention group of allogeneic fibroblasts co-cultured with PBMC and 2 control groups of separate fibroblast and PBMC cultures.Fibroblasts were characterized by their collagen secretion and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) expression. Viability was evaluated using water soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) proliferation assay. Absorbances were measured at 450 nm. Data analysis was performed by student’s paired t-test.RESULTSDermal fibroblasts were shown to secrete collagen, express OCT4, be recoverable after cryopreservation, and become attached to the culture dish in a co-culture with PBMC. Co-cultured and control fibroblasts had no significantly different cell viabilities (p>0.05). Calculated viable cell numbers increased 1.8 and 5.1- fold, respectively, at days 2 and 4 in vitro. Both groups showed comparable doubling times at days 2 and 4 in vitro. PBMC did not interfere with allogeneic fibroblast viability and proliferative capacityCONCLUSIONSAllogeneic fibroblasts remain viable and proliferate in the presence of host PBMC. Future research should evaluate allogeneic human dermal fibroblast competency in clinical settings. Dermal fibroblasts are a potential source for cell therapy in chronic wound management.
Underweight increases the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in adult Irawan, Galuh Chandra; Margawati, Ani; Rosidi, Ali
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.4-10

Abstract

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in middle- and low-income countries. The risk of developing TB may be related to nutritional status. Socioeconomic and behavioral factors are also shown to increase the susceptibility to TB infection. The objective of this study was to determine nutritional factors as risk factors of pulmonary TB in adult.MethodsThis was an observational study of case control design. The study subjects were community members consisting of 19 adult cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 38 controls. Data on nutritional intakes were obtained by semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while smoking behavior, history of DM, body mass index, education, and income were obtained by structured interviews. The data were analyzed by independent t-test and logistic regression for calculation of the odds ratio (OR).ResultsThe bivariate test showed that the adequacy levels for energy (OR=6.8; 95% CI: 1.51-30.54), protein (OR=5.1; 95% CI: 1.52-17.14), vitamin A (OR=4.2; 5% CI: 1.31-13.54), vitamin C (OR=3.8;95% CI: 1.21-12.36), selenium (OR=4.2; 95% CI: 1.34-13.58), body mass index (OR=4.4; 95% CI: 1.32-14.35) and smoking behavior (OR=3.7; 95% CI: 1.15-11.9), were significant risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Multiple logistic regression test showed that low body mass index (<18.5 kg/m2) (OR=6.0; 95% CI: 1.32-27.18) was a the most influential risk factor of pulmonary tuberculosis.ConclusionLow body mass index is the most influential risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in adult. Nutrition profile in adult is an important determinant of TB incidence.
Profile of nonstructural glycoprotein NS1 as a diagnostic marker in dengue type 2 virus infection Muliawan, Sylvia Y.
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.73-79

Abstract

BackgroundSeveral studies in dengue on cloned or cell culture passaged in wild and attenuated virus have been performed, but each report described different sites of nucleotide and amino acid changes possibly associated with virulence. The aim of this study was to investigate protein expression of dengue type 2 virus infected C6/36 cells through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by N-terminal Edman degradation sequencing to identify target proteins.MethodsTwo type of samples; dengue type 2 virus-infected C6/36 cells and uninfected C6/36 cells were prepared. Immobilized non-linear pH gradient strips, pH 3-10 were used in isoelectric focusing, and 10% homogeneous gels were used in Sodium dodecyl sulphate - Polyacylamide gel electrophoresis. The target protein spots were subsequently transferred onto polyvinyldifluoride membrane by western blotting and visualized by coomassie brilliant blue for N-terminal sequencing purpose.ResultsThis study revealed four target protein spots in dengue type 2 virus-infected C6/36 cells that were not present in uninfected C6/36 cells. The N-terminal sequencing result was D-S-G-C-V-V-S-W-K-N-K which was identical to nonstructural glycoprotein NS1 (Swissprot-database) associated with the replication process of flaviviruses. ConclusionNonstructural NS1 might be used as a diagnostic marker and/or as a parameter to evaluate the effect of antiviral agents for dengue type 2 virus infection/replication.
Soyfood consumption and risk of glycosuria in post-menopausal women Nurmillah, Nurmillah; Yolantha, Irena Stafani; Livinus, Victor
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.162-168

Abstract

Menopause is a natural event to be experienced by every woman and appears to be associated with increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been postulated that a diet high in legumes may be beneficial for the prevention of glycosuria. These unique components of soy have been shown to have beneficial effects on glucose and insulin homeostasis. The objective of the present study was to examine the possibility of an association between soy food consumption and risk of glycosuria in postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 postmenopausal women attending Mampang Prapatan Health Center, Mampang Prapatan subdistrict, South Jakarta. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard instruments and dietary intake was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. A dipstick semiquantitative assay for urinary glucose was used to define glycosuria (positive). The results showed that 12.8% of postmenopausal women had glycosuria and mean isoflavone intake was 69.5 ± 61.4 g/d. Intake of isoflavone was inversely associated with risk of glycosuria. Compared to women in the lowest quintile of isoflavone intake (Q1), postmenopausal women in the highest quintile (Q5) had a lower risk for glycosuria of 0.30 times that of Q1, which risk was however statistically not significant (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.02 – 3.14). In conclusion, isoflavone may play a role in the prevention of glycosuria (an important indicator of diabetes) among postmenopausal women.
IFNG Polymorphism (+874 T>A) is not a risk factor for cervical cancer Ani Melani Maskoen; Herman Susanto; Samsudin Surialaga; Edhyana Sahiratmadja
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.29 - 36

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer cases are rising and many women are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV). Interferon gamma (IFN-ã) is one of the key regulatory cytokines that influence the HPV clearance. The production and the function of IFN-ã may impaired by the defect of the IFNG gene leading to the cervical malignant progression. This study aimed to examine the association between IFNG+874 T>A polymorphism and cervical cancer in women METHODS In a case-control study design, consecutive untreated women with cervical cancer who showed for the first time in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung were enrolled (n=98) and for controls women who came for PAP smear (n = 81). Controls were not matched in ages and ethnicities. DNA extracted from blood was amplified by amplification refractory mutation system - polymerase chain reaction method (ARMS – PCR) to detect IFNG+874 T>A polymorphism. RESULTS The distribution of IFNG genotypes TT, TA and AA for women with cervical cancer who met the inclusion criteria (n= 64) and with negative intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (n=42) were 14.1%, 50.0%, 35.9% and 7.1%, 52.4%, 40.5%, respectively. No significant differences could be observed between both groups (p=0.64). Stratifying the cervical cancer women into a group of squamous cell carcinoma (n = 54) revealed no statistical different. CONCLUSION IFNG +874 T>A polymorphismseems not to contribute in susceptibility to cervical cancer. Identification of other variants in IFNG gene signaling and its role in the development of cervical cancer diseases need to be further examined.
Typhonium flagelliforme decreases telomerase expression in HeLa cervical cancer cells Purwaningsih, Endang; Suciati, Yulia; Widayanti, Etty
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.3-9

Abstract

Background Cancer cells have a relatively high telomerase activity compared to normal cells, so that cancer cells have the ability for continued proliferation and uncontrolled mitosis. Telomerase is an enzyme responsible for the length of telomeres, DNA segments located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Natural materials such as rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) have anticancer potential. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of Typhonium flagelliforme extract on telomerase expression in HeLa cervical cancer and T47D breast cancer cells. Methods This experimental laboratory study was conducted on cultured HeLa and T47D cancer cell lines, with normal Vero cells as controls, and using RPMI and M199 culture media. The study comprised three groups, i.e. controls, and groups receiving Typhonium flagelliforme extract at doses of ½ IC50 and IC50. Telomerase expression was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Analysis of variance and LSD multiple comparison test were used to analyze the data. Results Telomerase expression in cancer cells showed significantly higher values compared to normal Vero cells. Typhonium flagelliforme extract was capable of significantly decreasing telomerase expression in cancer cells receiving the extract. Conclusion Typhonium flagelliforme extract at different doses is capable of decreasing telomerase expression more effectively in cervical cancer cells than in breast cancer cells. This study shows that Typhonium flagelliforme may have anti-cancer activity, necessitating further investigations.
Effect of Dillenia suffruticosa extract on dengue virus type 2 replication Muliawan, Sylvia Y.
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.1-5

Abstract

Drugs of plant origin can have easy acceptability as they are non-toxic and inexpensive. Dillenia suffruticosa (D.suffruticosa), also known as Simpoh air in Malaysia, has antibacterial and antifungal activity, but no reported antiviral activity. This led the investigation of this plant against dengue virus type 2 (DV2) replication. Two type of samples: DV2-infected C6/36 cells and uninfected C6/36 cells were prepared. D.suffruticosa extract was prepared in water. The plant extract, D.suffruticosa, was subjected to C6/36 cells with following concentrations, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/ml and incubated for 2 hours before infected by DV2. Immobilized non-linear pH gradient strips, pH 3-10 were used in isoelectric focusing, and 10% homogeneous gels were used in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results were stained by silver staining for visualization. It was found that NS1 protein expression on infected C6/36 cells was down regulated in intensity of concentrations 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml. However, when higher concentration of D.suffruticosa extract were used (0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml), the cells exhibited slightly reduced NS1 protein spots, when compared to the above concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 mg/ml). D.suffruticosa extract has an inhibitory effect on the replication of DV2. Non-structural NS1 could be used as a diagnostic marker and/or as a parameter to evaluate the effect of antiviral agents for dengue type 2 virus infection/replication.
Home humidity increased risk of tuberculosis in children living with adult active tuberculosis cases Lestari, Pudji; Sustini, Florentina; Endaryanto, Anang; Asih, Retno
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.138-145

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world. Environmental factors play significant roles in infection and disease development in children living with adult active TB cases. The aim of this study was to explore the environmental factors affecting TB risk in children, including humidity and number of people living in the same house with the children.  Using a cross-sectional study design, children living with active TB adults for at least 8 weeks were recruited. The subjects underwent clinical examination, tuberculin skin test (TST) and radiological investigations. Home visits were conducted three times daily, namely in the morning, at midday, and in the evening, to measure humidity by digital hygrometer and to observe home conditions. Of 56 index cases living with active TB adults in an urban low socio-economic setting, 64 contact TB children were recruited. These children were classified as class I with negative TST and no clinical signs, class II with positive TST and no clinical signs, and class III with both positive TST and clinical signs. There were 32 (50%) class I, 10 (15.6%) class II and 22 (34.3%) class III children. However, a sub-sample of 43 showed positive results for Mtb 16S rRNA, indicating that all children were infected. The humidity cut-off point was set at 75%, p=0.04 and EP 2.09 (CI= 1.32-3.29), signifying that children living in houses with a humidity higher than 75%, were twice more likely to be tuberculin positive. Environmental conditions playing a role in disease development were humidity and number of people living in the house.
Ebola virus – new threat to global health Rina K. Kusumaratna
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.151-152

Abstract

Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a fatal infectious disease of humans and primates. The disease is caused by single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family Filoviridae. The Ebola virus started to emerge in 1976, in an outbreak that almost simultaneously attacked two countries, namely Zaire and Sudan. (1) Around 500 cases were reported, with a case fatality rate of  88% in Zaire and 53% in Sudan. Although occurring at the same time, the Ebola viruses in the two countries were of different species, by serologic criteria as well as by sequence analysis.(2) The following Ebola virus species have been found: Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, Cote d’Ivoire ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus, and Bundibugyo ebolavirus.(1)  Since September 2014, more than 4000 confirmed cases of Ebola virus disease, with more than 2000 deaths, have been reported in West African countries, such as Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sierra Leone.(3)     The Ebola outbreak started in Guinea in Desember 2013.(4) Nine months after the occurrence of the first cases, there was a weekly increase in the number of reported cases and deaths. There is now a global warning for nations to be on the alert against the spread of the Ebola virus.  Therefore the World Health Organization has declared the situation to be a public health emergency of international concern.(3) At the present time the Ebola outbreak is developing and spreading, so there are substantial challenges in controlling the outbreak, halting its transmission, and  providing clinical services to Ebola virus patients. However, the detection of patients with Ebola infection requires adequate diagnostic facilities, accompanied by treatment clinics and medicines, so as to help in containing the disease. The Ebola virus infection is mainly spread by contact with body fluids of symptomatic patients, and its transmission can be prevented by early diagnosis, contact tracing, isolation of patients, patient care, and infection control.(4,5)     Since it became known that two American healthcare workers in Liberia had become infected with the Ebola virus, the Ebola outbreak in West Africa has attracted much attention and caused anxiety in many countries.(7) This is not the first viral outbreak in West Africa that has  caused concern in advanced countries. Between 1928-1929, a yellow fever outbreak in West Africa resulted in the deaths of prominent research workers from America, England, and  Japan.(7)    Although several ecological aspects of the virus are known, there is still much to be investigated in relation to its ecology. Fruit bats are thought to be one of the reservoirs of the Ebola virus, although other animals may also be susceptible to the Ebola virus and be able to infect humans.(6) It is thought that infection in humans first occur at the time of exposure to body fluids from animal reservoirs of the virus, or intermediate animal hosts.(1) A study conducted by Pourrut et al.(8) reported that 4% of bats in Gabon were positive for immunoglobulins to the Zaire ebolavirus. This seems to provide evidence of bats as carriers of Ebola viruses and as a source of Ebola infection. Furthermore, person-to-person transmission may also occur through direct contact with body fluids from the patients. The incubation period of Ebola virus disease is between 1 and 21 days. The signs and symptoms are acute fever, shivering, headache, and myalgia, followed by rashes, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.(1) Around half of the patients show signs of hemorrhage, such as hemorrhage of the nasal cavity, hematuria, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and vaginal hemorrhage in women. Wamala et al.(1) report that around 59% of patients who die from Ebola virus have hemorrhages. The case fatality rate of Zaire ebolavirus and  Sudan ebolavirus varies from 53%-90%.(1)    The outbreak occurring in the Bundibugyo district, Uganda, in August – December 2007 showed three successive transmission cycles. Each transmission cycle lasted  6  weeks, with an interval of 3-11 days, and was marked by a typical peaking of the outbreak, followed by a gradual decline.(1)    Frieden et al.(9) list three types of preventive interventions. The first is strict control of the infection in healthcare settings, because the greatest risk of transmission is not the obvious one from the patients, but from delayed detection and isolation. The second is education of local communities regarding habits that may spread the disease, and the third is to avoid consumption of raw meat of wild animals.    The Ebola virus outbreak constitutes a serious warning that epidemics may occur anywhere and places every afflicted nation at risk. Therefore it is essential to institute measures to stop its spread and its future threat, which is a moral obligation of members of the health profession, whether academicians, researchers, or health ministry officials.
Duration of breastfeeding has a positive effect on infant weight gain Saputra, Dedi Kurniawan; Carolina, Carolina; Rusli, Riko
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.21-26

Abstract

With increasing maternal age hopefully the mother knows more about raising a baby and supervising their growth and development. With normal birth weight and adequate duration of exclusive breastfeeding the baby can be expected to have optimal growth and development. The goal of this historical-cohort prospective study was to analyze the relation between maternal age, infant birth weight and duration of breastfeeding on the one hand with infant weight gain on the other. The population under study were six-month-old infants in the catchment area of Pagar Gading Community Health Center, Pino Raya Region, South Bengkulu Regency. The total sample consisted of 31 six-month-old infants, selected by consecutive nonrandom sampling of subjects meeting the inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the correlation-regression test. There was a significant correlation between duration of breastfeeding and infant weight gain using the correlation test (p<0.05), whilst there was no correlation of infant weight gain with maternal age (p>0.05). Furthermore, with the multiple linear regression test, duration of breastfeeding affected infant weight gain (p<0.05), but infant birth weight and maternal age had no effect (p>0.05). The conclusion of this study is that duration of exclusive breastfeeding affects infant weight gain. Breastfeeding of infants should be prolonged beyond the age of 6 months.

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