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<![CDATA[Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria From Tape and Jember Tempeh as a Probiotic Candidate ]]>
<![CDATA[Azizah, Siti Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Eryani, Mikhania Christiningtyas]]>;
<![CDATA[Azizah, Azizah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12393
<![CDATA[Probiotics are microbes in fermented foods that have beneficial effects on health. Microbes that act as probiotics are lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that can produce metabolites such as lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins. This study aimed to obtain lactic acid bacterial isolates from tape and tempeh, and to test the potential of LAB as a probiotic candidate by activity test as an antidiarrhea and its resistance to gastric pH and bile salts. The fermentation products used as a source of LAB isolates are tempeh sumber mas merk, and yellow cassava tape, sari madu merk from Jember. The results of the first stage regarding the isolation of LAB using GYP media showed that there were 2 LAB isolates (TaJ.14 and TaJ.15) from the tape and 4 LAB isolates (TeJ.18, TeJ.22, TeJ.24, and TeJ.25) from tempeh. The results of the antidiarrheal test using the disc diffusion method (oxoid) showed that TaJ.14 and TaJ.15 isolates were able to inhibit Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysentriae, while TeJ.18, TeJ.22, TeJ.24, TeJ.25, and Lactobacillus casei (control) was only able to inhibit B. subtilis and E. coli. The results of LAB resistance to gastric pH showed that the TeJ.25 isolate had the highest percentage of pH 3 and 2.5 resistance (51.13 and 33.03%) compared to other isolates and controls. LAB resistance test results against bile salts (oxgal) showed that the TeJ.22 isolate had the highest percentage of resistance (75.10%) compared to other isolates although was still higher in control (75.99%).]]>
<![CDATA[Dinochloa Scandens (Poaceae-Bambusoideae): Distribution, Habitat Preference, and Notes on Synonymy ]]>
<![CDATA[Damayanto, I Putu Gede P.]]>;
<![CDATA[Dalimunthe, Syadwina H.]]>;
<![CDATA[Megawati, Megawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12485
<![CDATA[The distribution of Dinochloa scandens is unclear. World bamboo checklists suggest it is relatively widespread in Malesia. Here we clarify issues with herbarium specimen identification. Besides, a synonym name of D. scandens, namely D. macrocarpa collected from the Philippines, needs to be reviewed. The study aims to provide information on distribution and to review the synonym of D. scandens. The habitat preferences of D. scandens are also presented. We carried out targeted fieldwork at Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park in West Java in 2019 and extensive examination of herbarium specimens from Herbarium Bogoriense and online portals to accurately circumscribe this species. All data were analyzed descriptively. Distribution, altitude, and rainfall maps for D. scandens were produced with ArcGIS Pro. Our examination on the specimens suggests that D. scandens is indeed endemic to West Java and Banten Provinces in Indonesia. This bamboo species can be found in lowland to mountain forests with an altitude of 20-1400 m, in areas with annual rainfall between 3000-4000 mm. We support D. macrocarpa as an accepted name for a bamboo species from the Philippines and remove it from synonymy with D. scandens due to clear differences in the fruit compared to specimens of D. scandens across its range.]]>
<![CDATA[Characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Capcissum annum ]]>
<![CDATA[Sari, Indah Juwita]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Indria]]>;
<![CDATA[Khastini, Rida Oktorida]]>;
<![CDATA[Awaliyati, Ewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Susilowati, Andriana]]>;
<![CDATA[Utari, Enggar]]>;
<![CDATA[Aryantha, I Nyoman Pugeg]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13191
<![CDATA[Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is one of the potential bacteria to enhance of Capsicum annuum through inhabitation the growth of pathogenic fungi. This study aimed to characterize PGPR in chili plants (Capsicum annuum). PGPR was isolated from the soil habitat of the red chili plant in Cilegon, Indonesia. Screening was then carried out with the dual culture method on Petri dishes and tested through in vivo method on the red chili plant. The selected bacteria were characterized morphologically, biochemically, and physiologically. The results revealed that there were 14 single isolates of bacteria from the roots of the red chili plants. The five single bacterial isolates, namely Azostobacter, Azospirillum, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Beijerinckia have good potential as PGPR based on multiple culture screening by producing clear zones and positively effect the growth of chili plants.]]>
<![CDATA[The Diversity and Conservation Status of Snakes in Rawa Mekar Jaya, Riau, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Adjie, Agung Purnomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyawatiningsih, Sri Catur]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.9462
<![CDATA[Snakes in Mekar Jaya mangrove ecosystem have the potential be ecotourism objects. On the other hand ecotourism activities might reduce the quality of wildlife habitat, including that of the snake. This study aimed to determine the diversity and status of snake species in the mangrove ecosystem of Rawa Mekar Jaya. A transect of 20 x 50 m was made in three stations: rivers (S1), ecotourism route (S2), and dense mangroves (S3). The observation was carried out at low tide and repeated three times with a span of 2 days. Snake data was collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. We revealed 59 snakes in the mangrove area of Rawa Mekar Jaya consisting of 3 species namely Boiga dendrophila, Cerberus rynchops, and Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus. B. dendrophila and C. rhyncops are mangrove specialists. The Shannon Wiener diversity index value (H ') for all observation stations is below one, so it is classified as low. All types of snakes found are not protected and classified as the least concern. C. rynchops is included in the CITES appendix III]]>
<![CDATA[The Physiological Responses of Zea Mays L. and Cucumis Sativus L. on Drought Stress and Re-Watering ]]>
<![CDATA[Meriem, Selis]]>;
<![CDATA[Muliyah, Evi]]>;
<![CDATA[Angio, Melisnawati H.]]>;
<![CDATA[Triadiati, Triadiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12572
<![CDATA[Drought leads to deficit water availability and its detrimental effects seriously threaten plant growth. This study assessed the physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant adjustments in different types of photosynthetic plants between Zea mays L. (C4) and Cucumis sativus L. (C3 plant) under response to short-term drought stress. Analyses of relative water content (RWC), proline, and ascorbic acid (AsA) were performed to explore how these plants react to drought. Fifteen-day-old plants were subjected to full irrigation or gradual drought periods for 2-d, 4-d, 6-d, and 8-d following by recovery for 7-d. The results revealed that drought significantly reduces leaf RCW in both plants. Re-watered Z. mays after 8-d drought was higher than C. sativus and reestablished RCW by 23% of stressed plant although remained lower by 9% of the well-watered plant. While, proline and AsA contents in Z. mays were higher than those in C. sativus in drought treatment at 8-d (2.05 µmol/g FW) and 6-d (3174.60 AsA/100 g FW), respectively, that could demonstrate osmotic adjustment ability in this C4 species. The increased proline in both plants also indicates a good strategy for plants to recover. Rewatering gave a decrease AsA and could be expected that plants restore cellular activity after oxidative injury. Based on our study, proline is the most informative biochemical marker to differentiate plant response to drought and Z. mays adjusted defense mechanism to drought rather than C. sativus due to higher accumulation of proline, better antioxidant activity, and improved RCW after recovery.]]>
<![CDATA[Diversity of Land and Freshwater Snail (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of Laiwangi Wanggameti National Park, Sumba Island, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Mujiono, Nova]]>;
<![CDATA[Isnaningsih, Nur Rohmatin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13521
<![CDATA[A study on the malacofauna of Laiwangi Wanggameti National Park (LWNP) in Sumba Island has been conducted. This study aims were to reveal the diversity of malacofauna in Sumba and compare it with those in the Lesser Sunda Islands. Observations were made on 20 stations using plots (10 x 10 m) in Wanggameti and Laiwangi. Specimens were collected for two hours in each plot. Twenty families and 44 species have been identified. The overall number of species from Sumba increased from 126 to 143 species. The LWNP represents 31% diversity of malacofauna in Sumba Island. Seventeen species are considered as new records for the island. Five endemic land snail species are still observed inside the park. The diversity and population density tend to be higher in Laiwangi area with lower altitudes than in Wanggameti area with higher altitudes. Two dominant species are Asperitas bimaensis cochlostyloides and Tarebia granifera. Species composition in Sumba is more similar to Bali compared with the other six neighboring islands.]]>
<![CDATA[The Morphological and Anatomical Studies of The Aerial Parts of Abroma augusta L. from Semarang ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Khasanah, Rita Ariyana]]>;
<![CDATA[Kusumarini, Niken]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13573
<![CDATA[Abroma augusta L. known as Devil’s cotton belongs to Malvaceae. The exploratory study aimed to study the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the aerial parts of A. augusta L. from Semarang. The transverse section of the aerial parts was made by a simple method (fresh preparation) and then observed under a binocular microscope with an optilab. All characteristics were observed and then compared with the references. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. In summary, the results showed that A. augusta L. was an evergreen shrub (small tree) with orthotropic and plagiotropic branches and polymorphous leaves. The inflorenscence was found in the terminal and axillar plagiotropic branching with bisex, actinomorphic, and pentamerous flowers. The fruit was unique (obconical capsule with a rounded base and truncate-tip with 5 angled wings) including cotton fibers and numerous black seeds. The petiole was composed of epidermis, collenchyma, cortical parenchyma, sclerenchyma, vascular bundle, mucilaginous ducts, and pith. The dorsiventral leaf was composed of upper and lower epidermis, palisade, and spongy parenchyma. The stomata type was ranunculaceous (anomocytic) while the guard cell was kidney-shaped. The stomata density on the abaxial leaf was higher than that of the adaxial leaf. The stellate and unicellular non-glandular trichomes, and capitate glandular trichomes were found abundantly on the petiole and leaf blade. These morphological and anatomical studies are important to support the identification as a part of the conservation effort of the plant. Further studies are recommended to investigate the root morphology and anatomy and also biochemical characteristics of each part of the plant in order to obtain complete plant identification.]]>
<![CDATA[Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord.: a Reinstatement ]]>
<![CDATA[Lestari, Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyuni, Ridha]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13597
<![CDATA[Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. was one of Rafflesia that distributed in Java. Although it has been stated as a different species, R. zollingeriana is sometimes still regarded as a synonym of R. patma. In addition, there are several contradictions in description of R. zollingeriana. Therefore, further investigation is needed. This study attempts presents a full the description of the R. zollingeriana female flower. In this study, a full description of female flower of R. zollingeriana and pictures of important characters such as ramenta, annulus, perigone lobes, disc, processes, bractea are presented. This study is also compared the morphology of R. zollingeriana and R. patma, to confirm their differences in size, opening of diaphragm, blotches and warts pattern on perigone lobes and diaphragm, annulus, and ramenta.]]>
<![CDATA[Micropropagation of Three Endemic Begonias Using Various Hormones Concentration and Culture Media Application ]]>
<![CDATA[Ismaini, Lily]]>;
<![CDATA[Lailaty, Intani Quarta]]>;
<![CDATA[Efendi, Muhammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13769
<![CDATA[Three species of Begonias endemic to Java and Sumatra, namely Begonia leuserensis, Begonia atricha and Begonia scottii, were conserved in Cibodas Botanic Gardens as sources of germplasm for ornamental plant and/or medicines. However, the information on efficient hormones concentration and their culture media application through an in vitro propagation effort is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the growth response of three species of Begonias using various hormones concentrations and culture media through in vitro propagation. The culture media using Murashige & Skoog (MS) media that combinedwith 6-Benzyladenine (BA) dan Thidiazuron (TDZ) hormones in different concentrations i.e. 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 3 mg/L. Observation parameter included shoot number, plantlets height, and leaves number. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the F test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that three species of Begonias were observed to have different growth responses in the combination of MS+BA and MS+TDZ media. The combination of MS+TDZ media produces more shoots number, while the combination of MS+BA media influenced higher in leaves number. A concentration of 0.5 mg/L of hormone showed a good regeneration, therefore were recommended for in vitro propagation of Begonia species.]]>
<![CDATA[Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Feces of Bali Cattle With Reproductive Disorders ]]>
<![CDATA[Kholik, Kholik]]>;
<![CDATA[Munawaroh, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Saputra, Muhammad Rama Imam]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmawati, Rahmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Srianto, Pudji]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6 No 2 (2021): November ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13925
<![CDATA[Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global issue in animal, human and environmental health. The AMR profile of Escherichia coli reflects the use of antibiotics in production animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli bacteria isolated from the feces of female Bali cattle with reproductive disorders. Feces samples were taken purposively using a swab on 4 rectums from 7 Bali cattle with reproductive disorders in June 2021 in Lando Village, East Lombok Regency. Escherichia coli samples were isolated on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar media and identified by biochemical tests. An antibiotic resistance test against Escherichia coli was carried out by the disk diffusion method. The antibiotics used in the test were Penicillin G 10 U, Oxytetracycline 30 g, Gentamicin 10 g, and Tetracycline 30 g, and Cefotaxime 30 g. The results of planting on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar media obtained 4 Escherichia coli which were successfully isolated from 4 samples of Bali cattle feces. Data on the level of Escherichia coli susceptibility level to various antibiotics were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of the susceptibility test to antibiotics showed that 4 samples of Escherichia coli (100%) were resistant to Penicillin G, (25%) were resistant to Oxytetracycline, (25%) were resistant to Cefotaxime, and (100%) samples of Escherichia coli were sensitive to Gentamicin and Tetracycline. The chi-square test on the level of Escherichia coli susceptibility to various antibiotics was significant with p˂ 0.05 (p-value = 0.012). The results of this study have shown that Escherichia coli from Bali cattle feces experience multidrug resistance which later on might have an impact on human health and the environment.]]>
