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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 756 Documents
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Analisis Pengaruh Pahat CNMG 120404 pada Proses Bubut CNC terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Baja S45c dengan Metode Taguchi zio eldi mahdan; Eko Yudo; Zulfitri yanto
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4573

Abstract

Material baja S45C banyak digunakan pada poros pompa sentrifugal karena kualitas permukaannya dapat dioptimalkan melalui pemesinan bubut CNC. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan jenis kode pahat CNMG yang sesuai untuk menghasilkan kekasaran permukaan baja S45C menggunakan metode Taguchi. Parameter yang dijelaskan meliputi kecepatan spindel, kecepatan pemakanan, dan kedalaman potong. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pahat CNMG 120404 menghasilkan kekasaran lebih halus (Ra 1,626 µm), Kondisi optimal dicapai pada kecepatan spindel 1910 RPM, kecepatan pemakanan 0,168 mm/Rev, dan kedalaman potong 0,25 mm. Pahat dengan radius hidung lebih kecil (0,4 mm) lebih sesuai untuk menghasilkan permukaan halus pada baja karbon S45C.
Screw Modification On Plastic Extruder Machine Devi Andriani; Tri Pratomo; Muhammad Ariyanto; Diky Rahmat Suhendra; Nurhaidah Nurhaidah; Sukhma Kusuma Dewi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4582

Abstract

Plastic extruder machine is a machine that processes material changes from the form of plastic making into extruded changes from solid to liquid form. In the plastic extruder machine there are many machine components used. The components found in the plastic extruder machine are the frame, reduction gear, puller roller, bearing, v-belt, electric motor, pulley, stepper, clutch, air chamber, nozzle, feeder, compression spring, panel box and screw. This study uses an experimental method by changing the screw diameter which was originally 37 mm to 41 mm in addition to changing the diameter size, changes were also made to the screw pitch size which was originally 12 mm to 14 mm. The modified screw that was tested using PLA material with a rotation of 38 rpm produced a flow rate of 0.00129 m ^ 3 / s with a maximum pressure of 10.2866 Mpa. While the screw before modification produced a flow rate of 0.000921 m^ 3 / s and a maximum pressure of 9.5151 Mpa. From the data obtained from the screw, the modification results obtained quite good results compared to the screw before modification.
Evaluasi Struktural Rancangan Dongkrak Ulir sebagai Alat Pengangkat pada EV Maung Galunggung Menggunakan Analisis Elemen Hingga Widyan toro
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4586

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan menganalisis kekuatan struktur dongkrak ulir sederhana yang digunakan untuk mobil listrik Maung Galunggung dengan jarak rendah antara tanah dan rangka bawah sebesar 15 cm. Perancangan dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak CAD, sementara analisis kekuatan struktur dilakukan melalui metode Finite Element Analysis (FEA) berbasis Computer Aided Engineering (CAE). Model 3D dongkrak meliputi komponen batang ulir, tuas penggerak, dan penopang, dengan material st 37 yang mempunyai yield stress sebesar 225 Mpa. Simulasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui distribusi tegangan Von Mises, displacement material, dan faktor keamanan pada kondisi pembebanan sebesar 1 ton. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tegangan maksimum sebesar 0,5348 MPa, jauh di bawah batas elastis material, dengan displacement material  maksimum hanya 6,163 × 10⁻⁴ mm pada bagian top plate. Faktor keamanan maksimum mencapai 15, menunjukkan kekuatan struktur sangat tinggi terhadap beban yang diberikan. Nilai ini mengindikasikan desain aman digunakan, meskipun terdapat potensi overdesign yang memungkinkan optimasi material untuk efisiensi biaya dan berat. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi acuan bagi pengembangan desain dongkrak yang lebih efisien, andal, dan aman, sekaligus memberikan kontribusi bagi industri otomotif dalam penyediaan peralatan kerja yang mendukung keselamatan dan produktivitas
Effect of Current Variation on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of GTAW-Welded SS400 Steel Hasan Hasan; Muchammad Chusnan Aprianto; Johan Maulana; Epa Rosidah Apipah; Ghany Heryana; Amir Amir
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4588

Abstract

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welding employs a tungsten electrode and argon shielding gas to protect the molten metal from atmospheric contamination, resulting in strong and permanent joints. SS400 steel, widely used due to its favorable mechanical properties, can be welded using this method. However, weld quality is strongly influenced by variations in welding current. Too low a current leads to shallow penetration, while excessive current may cause defects and microstructural damage. This study aims to analyze the effect of GTAW current variation on the tensile strength, hardness, and microstructure of SS400 steel with different thicknesses (1.2 mm, 5 mm, and 6 mm). A total of 27 specimens were tested using an experimental method. Tensile strength was evaluated with a universal testing machine, hardness was measured using the Rockwell test, and microstructure was analyzed through metallography. The results show that hardness and tensile strength values are affected by the combination of welding current and plate thickness. Lower current increases hardness, while higher current reduces it. Yield strength and tensile strength decrease with increasing current and thickness due to higher heat input, while elongation varies depending on plate conditions. The microstructure reveals that martensite forms only in medium-thickness plates (5 mm), whereas thin and thick plates are dominated by ferrite and pearlite with grain growth at higher currents.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Injection Molding Tipe Vertikal Untuk Pembuatan Produk Tatakan Gelas Dari Limbah Plastik PET Leo Van Gunawan; Muhamad Ghozali; Ferry Sugara; Riki Factur Rohman; Excel Putra Pangestu; Syarif Rohidayat
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4593

Abstract

Limbah plastik, khususnya Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), merupakan salah satu penyumbang terbesar pencemaran lingkungan karena sulit terurai secara alami. Upaya pengolahan limbah plastik melalui teknologi tepat guna menjadi sangat penting untuk mengurangi dampak negatif sekaligus memberikan nilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan membangun mesin pencacah plastik yang terintegrasi dengan sistem injection molding tipe vertikal guna menghasilkan produk fungsional berupa tatakan gelas dari limbah PET. Metode penelitian meliputi identifikasi masalah, studi literatur, perancangan desain menggunakan SolidWorks 2021, simulasi struktural untuk mengetahui kekuatan dan faktor keamanan, proses fabrikasi, serta pengujian kinerja mesin. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rangka mesin memiliki nilai safety factor sebesar 24 dengan displacement maksimum hanya 0,102 mm, sehingga aman digunakan. Pada tahap pengujian, proses pencacahan mampu menghasilkan serpihan plastik PET berukuran 5–10 mm dengan bentuk relatif seragam, sesuai untuk tahap peleburan berikutnya. Selanjutnya, mesin dapat beroperasi efektif pada suhu barel 290°– 320°C dan suhu cetakan 100°–125°C dengan waktu pemanasan rata-rata 21–23 menit serta waktu suhu tahan molding sekitar 2 menit. Produk tatakan gelas yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan bentuk cetakan / molding. Hasil produk tatakan gelas yang paling baik dihasilkan oleh variasi barrel injector 320°C dan suhu molding 125°C.
Temperature Reduction Performance of Radiative Cooling Paint on Building Roofs Muhammad Fuad Abdul Hakim; Mohammad Alexin Putra; Fajar Subekti
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4602

Abstract

Passive cooling technologies continue to be developed to provide a cooling effect without external energy input. One example is radiative cooling paint (RCP). RCP dissipates heat by emitting thermal radiation and reflecting solar irradiation, thereby reducing the temperature of the coated object. The temperature reduction performance of RCP is influenced by the substrate on which it is applied. Previous studies have generally not included substrates with potential applications for RCP, such as building roofs. This study aimed to evaluate the temperature reduction performance of RCP when applied to different roofing materials. RCP samples were prepared using barium sulfate pigment and applied to corrugated metal roofing, clay roof tiles, and stone-coated metal roofing, then tested under direct sunlight. The results showed that applying RCP reduced the average temperature by 6 °C (13.1%) on corrugated metal roofing, 6.4 °C (13.3%) on clay roof tiles, and 14.1 °C (24.7%) on stone-coated metal roofing.
Reverese Engineering Burnishing Tool Untuk Proses Finishing Kekasaran Permukaan Pada Mesin Milling Konvensional Thopo Antonius Adi Soetopo; Mohammad Yazid Diratama; Andri Suhendri .; Ahmad Fauzi .
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4605

Abstract

The advancement of the manufacturing industry demands improved surface quality for components produced by conventional milling processes. Typically, grinding is required to achieve surface roughness levels up to N4; however, this process involves significant machine investment and high operational costs. This study presents the design of a burnishing tool as a finishing aid that can be mounted directly onto a conventional milling machine spindle without the need for additional equipment. The tool was developed using the systematic design methodology VDI 2222 and a manufacturing plan involving turning, milling, and grinding of the tool components. Test specimens made of ST37 and S45C steel were initially milled to a surface roughness (Ra) of 2.6–5.7 µm, then burnished using a feed depth of 0.5 mm and spring deflection ranging from 0 to 1.5 mm. The experimental results showed a significant reduction in Ra, reaching as low as 0.16 µm for ST37 and 0.17 µm for S45C. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the burnishing tool in enhancing surface finish efficiently and economically using conventional milling machines.
Characteristics of Briquettes Produced from Rubber Seed Shell and Palm Kernel Shell Using Tapioca Flour as Binder Farid Jayadi; Devia Gahana Cindi Alfian; Muhammad Hasbi Pratama; Fajar Perdana Nurullah; Dicky Januarizky Silitonga; Lathifa Putri Afisna
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4607

Abstract

Indonesia faces challenges in managing renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels. This study aims to compare commercially available briquettes with experimental briquettes produced from a mixture of rubber seed shells and palm shells using tapioca flour as a binder. The raw material composition variations between rubber seed shells and palm shells used were 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80, with 10% tapioca flour binder, and dried at a temperature of 100°C for 3 hours. The purpose of this research is to compare the produced briquettes with those already marketed. Based on the experiments and tests carried out, the results show that the 20:80 variation produced briquettes most comparable to the market samples, with a density of 0.7438 g/cm³, moisture content of 3.43%, calorific value of 6849.46 cal/gram, combustion rate of 0.1117 g/minute, and a drop test value of 4.7672%.
Studi Performa dan Analisis Kerusakan Sistem Hidrolik Excavator Mini Excavator Zhugimada Muhammad Hisyam Ar-Rizqi; Braam Delfian Prihadianto; Sugiyanto Sugiyanto; Nyayu Aisyah
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4608

Abstract

The hydraulic system plays a vital role in supporting excavator performance by transmitting power through pressurized fluid to actuate the boom, arm, and bucket. However, fluid leakage can significantly reduce operational efficiency and performance. This study aims to analyze the hydraulic system performance of the Zhugimada mini excavator trainer unit before and after repair. Tests were conducted on three main parameters: silinder drift, silinder speed, and silinder pressure, under three load conditions zero capacity, struck capacity, and heaped capacity. The results show that leakage was caused by damage to the fittings on the arm and bucket silinders, the seal on the boom silinder, the valve connecting the tank and pump, and an electric motor speed exceeding the standard (1,491 rpm). The leakage impact was indicated by a decrease in silinder speed 1.41% for the boom, 1.34% for the arm, and 0.51% for the bucket and a 16.28% pressure drop in the boom under no-load conditions. After the repair, system performance improved significantly, with boom speed increasing by 0.92%–2.04% and arm speed by 0.82%–1.77%. The repair effectively addressed both internal and external leakage and improved the overall efficiency of the hydraulic system.
Pengaruh Arah Pengerolan dan Orientasi Butir Logam Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Magnesium AZ31B Untuk Aplikasi Implan Biomedik Mampu Terdegradasi (Biodegradable Implant) Maherariyat Maherariyat; Mohammad Baddarudin; Irza Sukmana; Sugiyanto Sugiyanto; Asep Sukohar; A Yudi Eka Risano
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4610

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of rolling direction and grain orientation on the mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy, with a focus on its application in biodegradable implants. The research was conducted experimentally by preparing tensile test specimens from AZ31B sheet plates, cut in two different directions: parallel (0°, X) and perpendicular (90°, Y) to the rolling direction. Static tensile testing was performed in accordance with ASTM B557 standards to measure the material's mechanical properties. The results indicate mechanical anisotropy, where specimens in the X direction exhibited an average yield strength of 198.78 MPa, while specimens in the Y direction achieved a value of 78.21 MPa, only 39.3% of the X direction value. This difference is attributed to the formation of crystallographic texture during the rolling process. The modulus of elasticity showed similar properties, with values of 44-45 GPa in both directions. These findings demonstrate that grain orientation and rolling direction significantly affect the mechanical properties of the material, which is crucial in designing degradable magnesium AZ31B implant materials.

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