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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 756 Documents
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Perancangan Modifikasi Upper Arm Suspensi Belakang Honda Civic 2001 - 2005 Dengan Autodesk Inventor Syaukaty Yasinta; Mascuk Susilo; Sigit Arrohman; Imam Mahfud Hanafi; Muhammad Luqman Saiful Fikri; Bambang Surono; Mafruddin Mafruddin
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4513

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megetahuai tingkat kekuatan dan kenyamanan pada Upper Arm standart, ketika mendapatkan beban dan guncangan, maka analisis pegujian pembebanan berdasarkan dimensi kendaraan, berat kosong dan berat kotor kendaraan. Dalam melakukan analisa dan simulasi penulis menggunakan metode numerik yang dikenal dengan Finite Element Analysis (FEA) atau bisa juga disebut dengan metode elemen hingga. Dalam mendukung metode elemen hingga, serta mempermudah analisis dan mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat pada analisis lengan-lengan (arm) ini menggunakan software autodesk invertor karena mudah untuk mendesain dan menganalisis karakteristik upper arm. Dari hasil simulasi, Upper Arm dengan material baja paduan A812, yang memiliki nilai tegangan von Mises maksimum sebesar 0,0501307 MPa, perpindahan sebesar 0,0000960669 mm dan faktor keamanan sebesar 12 ul. Sedangkan pada material baja karbon A284, yang memiliki nilai tegangan von Mises maksimum sebesar 0,0501812 MPa, perpindahan arah vektor Y sebesar 0,000109716 mm dan faktor keamanan sebesar 15.
Analisis variasi fraksi volume serat pelepah nipah material filler pada komposit papan partikel semen serat pelepah nipah-cangkang kerang kepah Mirza Pramudia; Mahrus Khoirul Umami; Maga Herdinan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4519

Abstract

Papan partikel semen merupakan material komposit yang terbuat dari kombinasi partikel lignoselulosa dan semen Portland sebagai bahan pengikat. Partikel lignoselulosa pada penelitian ini menggunakan serat pelepah nipah dan serbuk cangkang kerang berfungsi sebagai pengisi (filler) sedangkan semen Portland berperan sebagai matriks pengikat yang meningkatkan kekuatan mekanik dan ketahanan terhadap faktor lingkungan. Komposisi fraksi volume serat pelepah nipah yang digunakan yakni sebesar 30% wt, 40% wt, dan 50% wt dengan komposisi serbuk cangkang kerang kepah sebesar 20% wt. Spesimen komposit papan partikel semen ini dibuat menggunakan metode compression molding dengan beban penekanan sebesar 3 ton dan dilakukan pengujian fisik dan mekanik untuk mengetahui karakteristik komposit partikel semen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi fraksi volume serat pelepah nipah akan menurunkan nilai densitas, meningkatkan kadar air, meningkatkan kemampuan absorbsi air, serta menurunkan nilai kekuatan lentur (modulus of rapture). Hasil pengujian tersebut menunjukkan densitas papan partikel semen telah memenuhi persyaratan sesuai standar ISO 8335, JIS A 5417, namun tidak memenuhi standar SNI 03-105-2006. Nilai kadar air spesimen menunjukkan telah memenuhi persyaratan memenuhi persyaratan sesuai standar ISO 8335, JIS A 5417, dan SNI 03-105-2006. Kekuatan lentur spesimen pada fraksi volume serbuk cangkang kerang 30% wt telah memenuhi standar ISO 8335, JIS A 5417, dan SNI 03-105-2006, namun fraksi volume serat pelepah nipah sebesar 40% wt serta 50% wt hanya memenuhi standar JIS A 5417.
THE EFFECT OF OFFSET RATIO ON OFFSET JET FLOW STRUCTURE Rifqi Ramadhani; James Julian; Fitri Wahyuni; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Madhudhu; Elvi Armadani
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4538

Abstract

Jet flow is a crucial fluid dynamic phenomenon that has been extensively studied. It is essential for various industrial applications, including surface cleaning, flow control, and cooling electronic components.  Offset jet is an innovation in jet flow configuration that offers advantages in flow pattern control by expanding the impingement area and regulating surface pressure distribution. This study employed a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach to investigate the influence of variations in the offset jet ratio on the aerodynamic characteristics of the flow, specifically the impingement zone area, pressure coefficient distribution, and skin friction coefficient. The standard k-ε turbulence model, utilizing a structured mesh and a Reynolds number of 10,000, was employed in this research. The number of mesh elements used was a fine mesh of 200,000 with an error percentage of 0.09436%. The results of the study show that an offset ratio of 3 produces the highest cf value of 0.0047 and a stable Cp distribution of 0.218, while also providing the best impingement zone area. These findings indicate that OR 3 is the most optimal configuration in terms of aerodynamics for precision system applications, with a focus on flow pattern control and wide impingement zone coverage.
Analisa Pengaruh Metode Pengurangan Kadar Air terhadap Kualitas Pemipilan Jagung menggunakan Mesin Pemipil Type Spiral Rotary Aswar Aswar; Simon Parekke; Ichsan Ristiawan; Zulkarnain Arifin; Muhammad Fathirahman; Dwilma Shopie; Bambang Surono; Akhmad Syarief
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4539

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengurangan kadar air terhadap kualitas pemipilan jagung menggunakan mesin pemipil tipe spiral rotary. Jagung hibrida Bima 9 diuji dengan empat perlakuan pengeringan yang berbeda, yaitu tanpa pengeringan (S0), dijemur selama 8 jam (S1), dioven selama 1 jam pada suhu 90°C (S2), dan dioven selama 2 jam pada suhu 90°C (S3). Sampel jagung dipipil menggunakan mesin pemipil tipe spiral rotary, dan hasil pemipilan dianalisis berdasarkan efisiensi mesin, kualitas pemipilan, dan kerusakan biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan kadar air meningkatkan efisiensi mesin dan kualitas pemipilan, dengan kadar air 18.3% (S3) menghasilkan rata-rata efisiensi mesin tertinggi sebesar 85% dan pemipilan yang bersih, meskipun dengan sedikit kerusakan pada biji. Kadar air yang lebih tinggi, seperti pada S1 (24.4%), menghasilkan efisiensi mesin yang rendah dan banyak biji yang tertinggal pada tongkol. Penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa kadar air optimal untuk pemipilan jagung menggunakan mesin pemipil spiral rotary adalah sekitar 18–22%. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pemipilan jagung di industri pengolahan pakan ternak.
Construction and Performance Testing of Young Coconut Waste Shredding Machines Ellys Mei Sundari; Suhendra Suhendra; Leo Dedy Anjiu; Sri Windari
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4545

Abstract

The problem of coconut husks and shells that are not utilized was that they are usually discarded as waste, so further processing was needed to overcome this. This study aims to manufacture and test the performance of a young coconut waste shredder. The research methods include machine construction, performance testing, and analysis of test results. The independent variables tested were rotational speed and number of test material cuts. The rotational speed was varied to 1,400 rpm, 1,750 rpm, and 2,333 rpm, while the number of cuts was varied to 4, 6, and 8 cuts. The data obtained were analyzed using a completely randomized design with an F-test. The shredder machine was constructed using a 1 HP electric motor drive, a V-belt transmission system, a shredding chamber diameter of 400 mm, a shredding chamber height of 150 mm, and is equipped with 4 shredding blades. The test results showed the highest chipping capacity of 77.56 kg/hour obtained at a speed of 1,750 rpm and 8 pieces, while the finest chipping results with a chipping length of 4.214 mm and a chipping width of 1.271 mm were obtained at a speed of 2,333 rpm and 8 pieces. Based on the analysis results, the rotation speed had a significant effect on the chopping capacity, while the number of cuts had no significant effect on the chopping capacity. Other analysis results showed that the rotation speed and number of cuts had a very significant effect on the chopping results.
Evaluasi Termal Heatsink dengan Variasi Arah Aliran pada Sirip Vertikal dan Sirip Bersegmen untuk Pendinginan Pasif Photovoltaic Ahmad Yonanda; Qithfirul Aziz; Amrizal Amrizal; Muhammad Irsyad; Akmad Riszal; Harmen Harmen
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4549

Abstract

Penurunan kinerja modul Photovoltaic (PV) akibat meningkatnya temperatur permukaan masih menjadi tantangan utama yang membatasi efisiensi konversi energi listrik. Salah satu solusi yang potensial adalah menambahkan heatsink pada bagian bawah modul sebagai media pelepas panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sekaligus membandingkan kinerja termal heatsink dengan konfigurasi sirip vertikal dan sirip bersegmen terhadap variasi arah aliran udara. Simulasi numerik dilakukan menggunakan ANSYS Fluent (CFD) melalui beberapa tahapan: perancangan geometri PV dan heatsink, pembuatan mesh, penentuan boundary condition, serta pengujian variasi sudut aliran udara sebesar 0°, 22,5°, 45°, 67,5°, dan 90° dengan kecepatan 2 m/s. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa heatsink dengan sirip bersegmen mampu menurunkan temperatur maksimum permukaan PV hingga 3 °C (5,6%) dibandingkan sirip vertikal pada sudut aliran 0°. Selain itu, perubahan sudut aliran memberikan pengaruh lebih besar pada sirip vertikal dengan selisih temperatur rata-rata 1,7 °C, sementara pada sirip bersegmen hanya 0,5 °C. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa konfigurasi sirip bersegmen lebih adaptif terhadap dinamika arah aliran udara, sehingga berpotensi diterapkan pada kondisi nyata dengan karakteristik angin berubah-ubah. Nilai kebaruan (novelty) penelitian ini terletak pada pemodelan numerik yang secara langsung membandingkan kinerja sirip vertikal dan sirip bersegmen terhadap variasi arah aliran — topik yang masih jarang dilaporkan dalam studi pendinginan pasif PV.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MESIN PENGERING BIJI KOPI MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM SOLAR PANEL Yusup Nur Rohmat; Muhammad Luthfi; Adi Kusmayadi; Nanang Setiawan; Ferdian Dwi Susanto
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4551

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan perancangan, pembuatan, dan pengujian mesin pengering biji kopi berbasis energi terbarukan menggunakan sistem panel solar untuk meningkatkan efisiensi proses pascapanen. Mesin dirancang dengan rangka besi hollow galvanis (50 × 50× 0,8 mm), tabung pengering berkapasitas ±2–2,4 kg, motor listrik 0,5 HP, gearbox rasio 1:20, serta sistem transmisi gear dengan total rasio 69 yang menghasilkan putaran 20,29 RPM dan torsi 175,624 N·m. Desain mesin dibuat menggunakan perangkat lunak SolidWorks 2022 dan diuji melalui simulasi statik, dengan hasil menunjukkan tegangan maksimum 1,177 MPa, deformasi 0,012 mm, serta faktor keamanan mencapai 174 sehingga rangka aman digunakan. Perhitungan efisiensi termal mencapai 67,36% dengan daya heater 500 Watt yang menghasilkan energi panas 3600 kJ dan diserap 2425,1 kJ oleh biji kopi. Proses fabrikasi dilakukan melalui tahapan marking, cutting, rolling, bending, welding, assembly, wiring, dan finishing dengan material utama besi hollow, plat galvalum, dan plat jaring stainless steel. Pengujian kadar air biji kopi dilakukan dengan variasi waktu 20, 40, dan 60 menit, namun hasil signifikan baru dicapai setelah 3 jam 30 menit ketika kadar air turun dari 26% menjadi 12% sesuai standar SNI, dengan massa berkurang dari 1320 gram menjadi 695 gram. Sebagai pembanding, metode pengeringan manual menggunakan sinar matahari memerlukan waktu ±3–4 minggu untuk mencapai kadar air serupa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mesin pengering kopi berbasis panel solar mampu mempercepat proses pengeringan secara signifikan, lebih konsisten, ramah lingkungan, tidak bergantung pada kondisi cuaca, serta berpotensi meningkatkan produktivitas petani kopi di Indonesia.
Performance Test of Water Flow Control System and Nozzle Movement in Fountains Integrated with Automatic Plant Irrigation Suhendra Suhendra; Feby Nopriandy; Irma Fahrizal; Ari Rianto
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4556

Abstract

The presence of fountains in public areas can create a comfortable atmosphere for everyone. Green spaces can provide ecological and aesthetic benefits, so fountains that combine ecological and aesthetic functions were essential. Based on this, research was conducted to test the performance of the water flow control system and nozzle movement control in a fountain integrated with automatic plant irrigation. Water flow testing was conducted by setting the dimmer at angles of 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, and 65°. Nozzle movement testing was carried out by giving servo motor movement commands at angles of 50° – 130° and gradually adding an angle of 4° for each test. The data collected in the study were water flow and nozzle movement accuracy. Based on the test results, the minimum flow rate recorded was 0.141 l/s at an angle of 20°, the maximum flow rate reached 0.775 l/s at an angle of 65°, while the average flow rate from the tests was 0.490 l/s. The nozzle movement system showed an average accuracy of 98.84%, indicating that the system performs very well. The test results showed that the water discharge control and nozzle movement systems were able to produce controlled water jets, both in terms of flow rate and direction.
DESIGN OF A SANDBLASTING WASTE SIEVE MACHINE (CASE STUDY OF SHIPYARD) Rizal Indrawan; Alfarell Akbar Pradhana Utomo; Ridhani Anita Fajardini; Fipka Bisono; Tri Andi Setiawan; Dhika Aditya Purnomo; Amanda Rosalina; Widya Emilia Primaningtyas
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4559

Abstract

At the shipyard, the sandblasting process is routinely carried out to clean material surfaces from rust and other contaminants. This process produces waste in the form of used sand mixed with metal fragments and other debris, requiring separation before the waste can be reused as a concrete mixture. Currently, the separation process is still performed manually, which is considered inefficient due to the large volume of waste, averaging 42 tons per day. To address this issue, the author designed a sandblasting waste sieving machine to make the separation process more automatic and effective. The structural design and strength analysis were carried out using Autodesk Fusion 360 software. The simulation results of the selected design concept showed a minimum safety factor of 6.51, a maximum von Mises stress of 38.134 MPa on the main frame, and a maximum displacement of 0.186 mm on the sieve holder. The design has an estimated total manufacturing cost of Rp4.244.000,-.  
Analisis Mikrostruktur dan Performa Aus Baja S45C Dengan Perlakuan Panas pada Suhu 700 °C, 750 °C, dan 800 °C Agung Supriyanto; Agus Jamaldi; Margono Margono; Budi Nugroho; Afif Faishal; Fedrian Ahmadthur Rengga
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4561

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of heat treatment with varying temperatures on the hardness, microstructure, and wear resistance of S45C carbon steel. Specimens were heated at temperatures of 700 °C, 750 °C, and 800 °C for 30 minutes, then rapidly cooled using a saltwater medium. Test results indicate that increasing the heat treatment temperature significantly enhances surface hardness, with the highest value recorded at 800 °C. Microstructural observations reveal that martensite phase dominates at high temperatures, contributing to increased hardness and resistance to deformation caused by friction. Wear testing showed a negative correlation between hardness and wear volume, with specimens of higher hardness exhibiting narrower and smoother wear marks. These findings confirm that heat treatment temperature control is a key factor in optimising the surface performance of S45C steel for engineering applications requiring high wear resistance.

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