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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 756 Documents
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Optimizing the Production of Glass Ceramic from East Lampung Basalt Rock Using Taguchi and ANOVA Analysis Methods Syaipudin Anwar; Irza Sukmana; Zulhanif Zulhanif; Rizal Adi Saputra; Tarkono Tarkono; A Yudi Eka Risano
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4611

Abstract

Glass-ceramics are fine-grained polycrystalline materials produced by controlled crystallization in the glass phase. The raw material for glass ceramics is basalt rock from East Lampung mixed with additives (SiO₂, MgO, and CaO). The production of glass ceramics begins with melting at 1200 °C for 2 hours until melting. The melted basalt is quenched using aquadest water with a pH of 7 to produce glass material. The glass material is ground using a ceramic ball mill and sieved with a 325 mesh. The glass material undergoes nucleation at 600 °C for 2 hours, followed by crystallization at 1,050 °C for 3 hours, and thermal crystallization (devitrification) at 1,050 °C for 3 hours to form the crystalline phase. The additive composition was varied using the Taguchi method to analyze its effect on density. The density test results showed values ranging from 2.1 to 3.8 g/cm³, depending on the additive ratio used. An increase in CaO and MgO content tends to increase density due to the formation of crystalline phases such as pyroxene, anorthite, and olivine. Conversely, excessive addition of SiO₂ can reduce density due to the growth of amorphous phases. Taguchi analysis identified Silica (SiO2) as the Rank 1 parameter influencing density. Meanwhile, ANOVA analysis yielded an optimal percentage contribution of silica at 34.57%.
Analisis Perbandingan Kekuatan Mekanik Komposit Resin Polyester Berpenguat Serat Sabut Kelapa, Serat Ijuk, dan Serat Pohon Pisang sebagai Material Alternatif Pembuatan lambung Perahu Yulianto Yuliyanto; Riska Riska; Boy Rollastin
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4626

Abstract

Keterbatasan material kayu konvensional sebagai bahan baku konstruksi perahu mendorong pengembangan material alternatif berbasis serat alami. Salah satu material alternatif yang bisa dijadikan material tersebut adalah material komposit. Material komposit adalah gabungan dari dua material yang terdiri dari perekat dan penguat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi jenis serat sabut kelapa, serat ijuk dan serat pohon pisang terhadap kekuatan lentur dan ketahanan impak komposit yang diperkuat dengan resin polyester. Tiga jenis serat yang digunakan  diberi perlakuan dengan perendaman NaOH 5%. Pembuatan spesimen dilakukan metode hand lay-up dan pengujian mekanik mengacu pada standar ASTM D790-02 untuk bending dan ASTM E-23 untuk impak. Komposisi resin 70% dan serat 30%. Hasil pengujian bending tertinggi 69,63 Mpa pada komposit serat sabut kelapa dan nilai terendah 32,6 Mpa pada komposit serat ijuk. Pada pengujian impak nilai tertinggi 49,08 kj/m2 pada komposit serat kelapa dan nilai terendah sebesar 13,63 kj/m2 pada komposit serat ijuk. Hasilnya menunjukkan komposit serat sabut kelapa lebih baik dibandingkan serat batang pisang dan serat ijuk. Ini menunjukan bahwa kandungan hemiselulosa yang seimbang memberikan fleksibilitas tanpa mengurangi kekuatan. Berdasrkan BKI  komposit serat sabut kelapa bisa dijadikan bahan untuk pembuatan lambung  perahu
Karakteristik Pembakaran Droplet Minyak Biji Kapuk yang Dipengaruhi Oleh Medan Magnet Yuke Hary Laksono; Wigo Ardi Winarko
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 15 No 1 (2026): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v15i1.4636

Abstract

Kebutuhan mendesak akan sumber energi alternatif, didorong oleh menurunnya ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil, telah menempatkan biofuel sebagai bidang penelitian utama dalam teknologi konversi energi. Minyak Mentah Ceiba Pentandra (CCPO), minyak nabati yang tidak dapat dimakan dan kurang dimanfaatkan, menghadirkan kandidat yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi bahan bakar terbarukan. Studi ini mengkaji pengaruh orientasi medan magnet terhadap perilaku pembakaran tetesan bahan bakar CCPO, dengan fokus pada struktur nyala api, ignition delay time, dan suhu pembakaran. Lima kondisi uji digunakan: utara-selatan dan selatan-utara (kutub magnet tarik-menarik), utara-utara dan selatan-selatan (kutub tolak-menolak), dan kontrol tanpa medan magnet. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa medan magnet tarik-menolak dan tolak-menolak meningkatkan kinerja pembakaran, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh masa hidup nyala api yang lebih pendek dan peningkatan aktivitas mikro-eksplosif. Di antara semua konfigurasi, orientasi utara-selatan menghasilkan pembakaran yang paling efisien, menghasilkan suhu tertinggi dan panjang nyala api terpendek, sementara konfigurasi selatan-selatan menunjukkan kualitas pembakaran yang relatif lebih rendah. Meskipun demikian, semua konfigurasi berbantuan magnet mengungguli kontrol non-magnetik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi orientasi medan magnet dapat menjadi strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan karakteristik pembakaran biofuel seperti CCPO. Pendekatan ini berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi termal dalam sistem pembakaran berkelanjutan, terutama dalam pembangkitan energi terdesentralisasi dan proses termal rendah emisi.
Pengujian Eksperimental Keausan Bahan Alumunium, Tembaga dan Baja Karbon Menggunakan Uji Keausan Skala Laboratorium Type Pin On Disc Aswar Aswar; Simon Parekke; Harjuma Harjuma; Bambang Surono; Sulis Dri Handono
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4677

Abstract

Keausan menentukan kinerja dan umur pakai komponen mekanik. Studi ini mengevaluasi ketahanan aus aluminium, tembaga, mild steel, alloy steel, dan stainless steel menggunakan tribometer Pin-on-Disc skala laboratorium pada gesekan kering. Spesimen silinder (Ø10mm×30 mm) diuji pada kecepatan 290 rpm, lintasan 150 m, dengan dua variasi beban yaitu 3,5 N dan 4,0 N. Laju keausan spesifik dihitung dari perubahan massa dan beban, disertai observasi makroskopik pola keausan. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antar material: stainless steel terbaik dengan laju keausan terendah 1,1×10⁻5 cm³/N·m dan pola abrasi ringan. Mild steel dan alloy steel menunjukkan stabilitas terhadap peningkatan beban dengan respon keausan rendah, masing-masing 3,9% dan 5,0%. Aluminium memiliki laju keausan tertinggi dan respons hingga 19,9%, dengan indikasi delaminasi serta akumulasi serpih aus. Korelasi antara data kuantitatif dan morfologi permukaan menegaskan bahwa kombinasi kekerasan tinggi, keuletan memadai, dan stabilitas lapisan oksida merupakan penentu utama ketahanan aus.
Komposit Berbasis Serat Tangkos Kelapa Sawit: Kajian Fisik dan Mekanis Sandi Yudha Barri Zaqy; Satrio Darma Utama; Wibi Pramanda
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4725

Abstract

This research explores the use of oil palm empty fruit bunch waste fibers as an environmentally friendly reinforcement material for composite applications, aiming to replace conventional materials. The fabrication process utilized empty fruit bunch fibers, resin, and polylactic acid (PLA), with components produced using 3D printing technology. Mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile testing (ASTM D3039), compressive testing (ASTM D695), and Vickers microhardness testing (ASTM E384). The results showed an average maximum tensile strength of 8.18 MPa, while compressive testing yielded a maximum strength of 3.95 MPa. Vickers hardness values ranged from 19.53 to 29.04, with an average of 25.73. These findings highlight the potential of empty fruit bunch fiber composites as an alternative material that supports waste reduction and sustainability in the palm oil industry. However, further optimization of fiber fraction and surface treatment is needed to improve mechanical performance. This study not only contributes to scientific knowledge but also opens opportunities for sustainable material innovation in engineering applications
PENGARUH WAKTU PEMANASAN DAN MEDIA KOROSI TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA ASTM A36 SEBAGAI BAHAN CHAMBER INCENERATOR Eko Nugroho; Nurlaila Rajabiah; Bambang Surono; Wahyu Seto Aji
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4734

Abstract

An incinerator is a machine designed to process solid waste through high-temperature combustion technology. Continuous combustion may lead to corrosion, which is often considered an inevitable problem. The purpose of this study is to investigate how combustion duration and corrosive media affect the corrosion rate. The research method employed was an experimental design involving the heating of material. Tests were conducted to analyze the effect of combustion time and corrosive media in the incinerator chamber on the corrosion rate. The material used was ASTM A36 steel with dimensions of 70 mm × 50 mm × 5 mm. The corrosive media employed were rainwater, H₂SO₄, and HCl. The material was heated at 700 °C for 3, 5, and 7 hours. The immersion time in corrosive media was 30 minutes, followed by a cooling period of 7 days. The results indicated that the highest corrosion rate occurred at a combustion time of 7 hours. Thus, the longer the combustion time, the greater the reaction, resulting in an increased corrosion rate. The use of different corrosive media also influenced the corrosion rate. It was found that the highest corrosion rate was 0.00534 mm/year after 7 hours of heating in HCl solution, while the lowest corrosion rate was approximately 0.00077 mm/year in rainwater after 3 hours of heating. Therefore, prolonged heating not only enhances the reaction but also significantly increases the corrosion rate.
Performance Testing of the Water Level Monitoring System at Internet of Things-Based Water Gates Feby Nopriandy; Suhendra Suhendra; Leo Dedy Anjiu; Budi Setiawan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 15 No 2 (2026): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v15i2.4784

Abstract

The main problem in agricultural water management was the imbalance in water availability caused by suboptimal irrigation systems. Efforts have been made to develop a water level monitoring system that integrates ultrasonic sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and solar power to monitor irrigation automatically and in real time, especially in locations without electricity. Therefore, this study aimed to design, construction, and test the accuracy and error rates of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based water level monitoring system. The system was designed using ultrasonic sensors, the Blynk platform, an ESP32 microcontroller, and a 50 WP solar panel as the power source. Field testing was conducted on an open water channel with a depth of approximately 1.22 m. Data were collected every 5 cm within a water level range of 5–75 cm. The sensor was operated at distances ranging from 2.27 to 2.97 m. Observations were made by comparing the ultrasonic sensor’s measurements with manual measurements used as reference points. The test results show that this system has an average accuracy of 95.85%, with an average absolute measurement error of 4.15% and a calculated RMSE of 1.1412 cm. Keywords: internet of things, monitoring, ultrasonic sensor, water level
Analysis of Corrosion Causes in Metal Components and Prevention Strategies: A Case Study at PT Arqom Technology Innovation Andrian Riyadi; Heru Tri Atmaja; Indra Nur Cahya
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 15 No 2 (2026): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v15i1.4846

Abstract

Corrosion is a critical material degradation issue that significantly affects the reliability and service life of metal components in the manufacturing industry. PT Arqom Technology Innovation faces corrosion problems in post-fabricated metal components influenced by working environment conditions and production processes. This study aims to analyze the dominant factors causing corrosion, identify the prevailing types of corrosion, and evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented corrosion prevention strategies through a case study at PT Arqom Technology Innovation. The research employed a descriptive-analytical approach based on field observations, visual inspection of components, interviews, and a review of technical documents and relevant literature. The results indicate that high relative humidity and welding processes are the primary factors accelerating material degradation, with localized pitting corrosion and galvanic corrosion predominantly occurring at welded joints and the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). The existing surface protection strategy is considered inadequate for the level of environmental aggressiveness. This study highlights the need for improving post-fabrication processes, selecting appropriate coating systems, and implementing structured preventive maintenance to effectively control corrosion in a sustainable manner.
Perancangan Mesin Pencetak Briket Limbah Pelepah Sawit Sistem Hidrolik di Kota Bontang Ratnawati Ratnawati; Lukito Dwi Yuono; Fahru Rozy; Aswar Aswar
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4863

Abstract

Oil palm frond waste is an abundant biomass that has not been optimally utilized in Bontang City, East Kalimantan, with the potential for processing into briquettes as an alternative energy source. This study aims to design and produce a briquette molding machine for oil palm frond waste with a hydraulic system using SolidWorks 2011 software, and to determine the effect of pressure variations on the quality of the resulting briquettes. The research method includes literature study, 3D design, machine construction, and testing of components and briquette results. The machine is designed with a UNP 80 frame, a cylindrical mold, a press piston, a hydraulic jack, and a return spring. Tests were carried out at three pressure variations, namely 50 bar, 100 bar, and 150 bar. The results showed that the pressure of 150 bar was 0.00182 g/cm³, while the lowest water content was also found at a pressure of 150 bar, namely 8.33%, resulting in denser and more flammable briquettes. The lowest ash content was 5.71% at 100 bar, indicating the least combustion residue at medium pressure. Overall, the hydraulic briquette press was able to operate stably and produce briquettes with quality that meets biomass fuel standards. This research is expected to provide an alternative solution for utilizing biomass waste while increasing the productivity of (UMKM) in Bontang City.
ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PROSES PIROLISIS DARI BAHAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DAN BIOMASSA TERHADAP HASIL PRODUK Kemas Ridhuan; Tri cahyo wahyudi; Diego Antonio; Riki Renaldi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14 No 2 (2025): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i2.4890

Abstract

Pyrolysis is a process of heating materials at high temperatures with little or no oxygen to chemically break down materials, to produce products such as fuel and liquid smoke. The purpose of this study was to determine the process, quantity, and characteristics of the products obtained from plastik waste and biomass. This research method uses a barner fueled by LPG gas. Using raw materials of LDPE plastik waste and biomass (rice husk) with a weight of 1.5 kg each. Using a batch type pyrolysis reactor and a straight pipe condenser with a diameter of 1 inch and a length of 4 m. The results showed that the two raw materials produced significantly different product proportions. LDPE pyrolysis produced a liquid product with a volume of 419 (mL) and a solid of 0.825 (kg), and had a higher calorific value of 10648.21 (kJ/kg) than rice husk. Meanwhile, rice husk pyrolysis produced a larger liquid (742 mL) with 0.316 kg of lower solids and a lower calorific value (8761.33 kJ/kg). This difference confirms that the type of feedstock significantly determines the quality and quantity of bio-oil or pyrolysis oil produced, which is crucial for renewable energy development and waste management.

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