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Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 14112027     EISSN : 25415875     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.10
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary
Animal Production is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in association with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia. The journal was established in 1999 and available online since May 4, 2011. Animal Production was initially published twice a year, then three times a year starting in 2005. The journal coverage focused on small scale livestock farming and technologies which includes the recent science development in animal production, including all aspects of nutrition, breeding, reproduction, post-harvest processing and socio-economics. All articles are available online. Full text available in pdf format and can be downloaded for free. Starting Vol 22 No 1 the papers have been and will be published in our new website (http://animalproduction.id), as the continuation of our previous but still active website (http://animalproduction.net).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 606 Documents
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The Effect of Defaunating Agents Supplementation and Time of Incubation on The In Vitro Dry Matter, Organic Matter Degradability and Products of Fermentation putra, S
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 8, No 2 (2006): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

In Vitro experiment was conducted  to study  the effect of  defaunating agents supplementation and time of incubation  on the dry matter, organic matter degradability and products of fermentation.  A completely randomized design with split in time arrangement (4 x 5) on two replicates was used in this experiment.  The first (main) factor was time of incubation (1.5, 3,0 and 4.5 hours respectively) and the second factor was no supplement of defaunating agent ( A, as  a control),  a supplement of 10% Hibiscus tilliaceus leaves (B), a supplement of 10% Hibiscus rosasinensis leaves (C), a supplement of 2% corn oil (D), and a supplement of 2% coconut oil (E). Results of the experiment indicated that treatment C increased 10.66% DM degradability which were significantly different (P<0.03) than treatment A, while DM degradability on treatment B, D, and E were increased 4.29, 5.58, 6.24% than treatment A, respectively but it were not significantly different.  Defaunating agents supplementation (treatment B, C, D, and E) increased 8.59, 15.19, 9.62, and 8.01% OM degradability, respectively (P<0.03)  than without supplementation (A), but between defaunating agents supplementation were not significantly different. DM degradability during incubation (1.5 to 4.5 hours)  were significant different statistically (P<0.04) which the highest was on 4.5 hour incubation, while OM degradablity during incubation were not significantly different.  Total VFA  on the defaunating agents supplementation and during time of incubation were significantly different which the highest were on the Hibiscus rosasinensis supplementation (C) and on  the 4.5 hours incubation,  respectively. N-ammonia on the defaunating agents supplementation and during incubation were not significantly different (P>0.05) which the highest were on the Hibiscus rosasinensis supplementation (C) and on the 3.0 hours incubation, respectively.  It was concluded that defaunating agents were affected significantly different on the DM and OM degradability and total VFA, but were not affected on the N-ammonia.  Time of incubation from 1.5 to 4.5 hours increased DM, OM degradability and total VFA, but N-ammonia was decreased. Hibiscus rosasinensis was the best defaunating agents, particularly it was increased DM, OM degradability, total VFA and N-ammonia, absolutely.  (Animal Production 8(2): 121-130 (2006) Key Words: Defaunating agents, Time of incubation, DM and OM Degradability, Products of fermentation
Chemical Composition of Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris on Different Slaughter Weight of Local Male Sheep Reared in the Village Purbowati, E; Sutrisno, CI; Baliarti, E; Budhi, SPS; Lestariana, W
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 8, No 1 (2006): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Quality of meat can be assessed from the change of its chemical components.  Characteristics of meat chemical composition depend on species, age, sex, feed, location and function of muscle section in body.  The objective of the research was to study meat chemical composition of local male sheep on different slaughter weight and different muscle. Local male sheep which were used as subject research obtained from Temanggung, i.e. healthy male sheep, aged 1.5-12 months; slaughtered at 6 categories of slaughter weight ranging from 5 to 30 kg.   The sheep was slaughtered and sampled for chemical composition determination of Longissimus dorsi (LD) dan Biceps femoris (BF). The nested ANOVA was used to analyze data and any differences among the groups were further tested using Duncan Multiple Range Tests (DMRT).  The results showed that moisture, ash, fat and cholesterol content of the meat from different slaughtered weight were not significant (P>0.05).  The increase of slaughter weight significantly (P<0.05) increased the protein content of meat.  Protein content of meat from 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kg slaughtered weight were 18.44; 17.83; 18.70; 19.58; 19.44 and 20.06%, respectively. Vitamin A content from different slaughter weight were significant (P<0.05).  Vitamin A content of meat from 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kg slaughter weight were 682.06; 587.10; 612.59; 590.93; 663.32 and 590.84 µg/100 g meat, respectively.  Moisture, ash, protein, fat, cholesterol and vitamin A from LD and BF muscle were not significant (P>0.05).  The conclusion of the research were (1) moisture, ash, fat and cholesterol content of local male sheep meat from different slaughtered weight were not significant, but protein and vitamin A content of the meat from different slaughtered weight were significant, (2) chemical composition of local male sheep from LD and BF were not significant. (Animal Production 8(1): 1-7 (2006) Key Words : Male sheep, slaughter weight, longissimus dorsi, biceps femoris, chemical composition.
Serum Estrogen Concentration in Relation to Estrous Duration of Thin-tail Ewes with Inducted of PMSG Sugiyatno, Sugiyatno; Sumaryadi, MS; Haryati, Haryati
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 3, No 1 (2001): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Fifteen thin tail ewes were used in to study of contribution of maternal serum estrogen concentration this in relation to estrous duration with inducted of PMSG. The first step, all experiment ewes were injected prostaglandin (7.5 mg luprositol per head)  i.m. as much twice of interval day 11 to homogeneity follicle growth phase. In the estrous observed was estrous (700 IU duration, then blood sampling taken out of vena jugulars to analyses of estrogen. The second step, all experiment  ewes were inducted PMSG  (700 IU per head), then in the estrous observed was same as the first step. The result of experiment show that induction of PMSG  influence to  maternal serum estrogen concentration has different significantly (P<0.01)and estrous duration has different significant (P<0.05).Maternal serum estrogen concentration prior and post of  induction of PMSG contributed 25.28 and 57.12 percent, respectively. It was concluded that the estrous duration in relation  to increased maternal serum estrogen concentration. (Animal Production 3(1): 40-44 (2001) Key Words: Estrogen, estrous, ewes
Nutrient Content of Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Silage Made with Various Additive and Modified Atmosphere in The Silo Widiyastuti, Titin; Hidayat, Nur; Indrasanti, Diana
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. During ensilage, anaerob condition must be controlled. Some methods of modified atmosphere in silo were analyzed to compare ensilage characteristics and silage product. So far, there is not been information on the atmosphere condition in the process of silage production. It encourages the researchers to evaluate the condition of ensilage process of Pennisetum purpureum by studying atmosphere modification in the silo and the effect of the usage of various additives in the process of silage production.   Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), molasses, L. acidophillus were used. The study was conducted with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 3x2 factorial pattern.  Atmosphere modification as the first factor consist of : (A0: silage with compaction (conventional) A1: silage with vacuum method, A2: silage with modified C02) and two kinds of silage additives as the second factor (B1: indirect additive (molasses); B2: direct additive (Lactic Acid Bacteria).  Each treatment combination was repeated 4 times. The objective of the research was to evaluate changes in nutrient content (protein, crude fiber, gross energy). The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance, then continued by Honest Significant Differences (HSD) test.  Based on the research results it can be concluded that the optimum ensilage can take place, either by compaction methods (conventional), vacuum and the addition of CO2. While the addition of molasses additive produces silage with better quality than the addition of L. Acidophillus inoculant. Key words: Modified atmosphere, additives, silage Abstrak. Kondisi anaerob harus dikontrol selama ensilase. Beberapa metode modifikasi atmosfir silo dianalisa untuk membandingkan ciri dan hasil ensilase. Sejauh ini belum ada informasi kondisi atmosfir dalam proses produksi ensilase. Hal ini mendorong peneliti untuk mengevaluasi kondisi proses ensilase Pennisetum purpureum dengan mempelajari modifikasi atmosfir silo dan dampak penggunaan bermacam zat tambahan dalam proses pembuatan ensilase. Rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum), molase, L. acidophillus digunakan dalam penelitian dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL)  3x2 pola  faktorial. Modifikasi atmosfir sebagai faktor pertama terdiri dari: (A0: silase dengan pemadatan (konvensional), A1: silase dengan metode vakum, A2: silase dengan modifikasi CO2) dan dua jenis silase tambahan sebagai faktor kedua: B1: tambahan langsung (molase); B2: tambahan langsung (Bakteri Asam Laktat). Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi perubahan dalam kandungan nutrisi (protein, serat kasar, energi kasar). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis variansi, dilanjutkan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ensilase optimal tercapai baik dengan metode pemadatan (konvensional), vakum, maupun penambahan CO2. Sedangkan tambahan molase menghasilkan silase dengan kualitas yang lebih baik daripada dengan  L. Acidophillus inoculant. Kata kunci: modifikasi atmosfir, zat tambahan, silase
Relationship Between Gestation Length and Birth Weight in Nigerian Sheep and Their Crosses Iyiola-Tunji, AO; Akpa, GN; Nwagu, BI; Adeyinka, IA; Osuhor, CU; Lawal, TT; Ojo, OA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Effect of genotype and birth weight on gestation length was evaluated using Nigerian breeds of sheep and their crosses. The study was carried out at the Sheep Project Unit of Small Ruminant Research Programme (SRRP) of National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Ahmadu Bello University, Shika-Zaria. The sheep breeds used were Balami, Uda and Yankasa. Heat (estrus) detection was carried out twice daily; in the morning (07:00-08:00 hours); and in the evening (16:00-17:00 hours) using apron fitted rams to pick does on heat. A total of 56 lambs were used for this study. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using General Linear Model and Correlation Procedure of SAS. All the genotypes had similar gestation length with values between 150.3±0.61 days and 153.3±0.60 days, except for Balami pure breed (BAL X BAL) lambs that recorded a shorter gestation length (137.1±0.81 days). There was a wide variation in the birth weight of lambs with the crosses between Balami rams and Yankasa ewes recording a distinct birth weight of 3.5±0.08 kg while the crosses obtained using Yankasa rams on Uda and Balami ewes gave the lowest birth weights (1.7±0.19 and 1.4±0.18, respectively). Sex and litter type have no significant effect (P>0.05) on gestation length. Birth weight was however affected by sex of lambs and their litter type. Litter type was negatively correlated with birth weight (-0.372). Gestation length had a low and non-significant relationship with birth weight; litter type and lamb genotype. Lamb genotype does not have a significant relationship with litter type. Genetic improvement of Nigeria sheep breed is possible if the resources of within and between breed is exploited. Selection for a reduction in gestation length may indirectly increase prolificacy. (Animal Production 12(3): 135-138 (2010)Key Words : gestation length, birth weight, Nigerian Sheep
Carcass Percentage Of Growing Male Local Turkey Raised Extensively Rosidi, Rosidi; Suswoyo, Imam
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 5, No 1 (2003): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase karkas dan bagian-bagian karkas kalkun lokal jantan periode pertumbuhan yang dipelihara secara ekstensif. Materi yang digunakan adalah kalkun lokal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Sampel kalkun diambil dari peternak tradisional yang tersebar di Kabupaten Banyumas. Sampel kalkun terdiri dari 4 kelompok umur pertumbuhan, yaitu (1) umur >8 – 12 minggu, (2) umur 12 – 16 minggu, (3) umur 16 – 20 minggu, dan (4) umur 20 – 24 minggu. Setiap kelompok umur kalkun diwakili oleh 5 ekor. Untuk mengetahui persentase karkas, semua sampel kalkun dipotong. Data diperoleh dari rataan kelima ekor kalkun pada setiap kelompok umur, kemudian diinformasikan secara deskriptif. Dari hasil yang diperoleh dapat dilaporkan bahwa (1) semakin bertambahnya umur kalkun, persentase karkas bervariasi, namun ada kecenderungan naik, (2) semakin bertambahnya umur kalkun, semakin tinggi persentase karkas bagian paha dan dada, kecuali bagian sayap dan giblet semakin rendah, dan (3) rataan persentase bagian karkas tertinggi adalah paha (18,67 persen), diikuti dada (13,15 persen),  punggung (9,55 persen), sayap (9,44 persen) dan giblet (7,06 persen). (Animal Production 5(1): 1-4 (2003) Kata Kunci : Karkas, Kalkun, Pertumbuhan, Ekstensif
The Various of Complete Feed Block for Dairy Cattle Munasik, Munasik; Anwar, Syaiful; Prajitno, Caribu Hadi
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 3 (2014): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. The effect of three forms of complete feed blocks (CFB) for dairy cattle was evaluated. The form of various CFB were cube, cylinder and ball.  The CFB was prepared from napier grass specific tolerance acid soils and concentrate in 50:50 ratio.  The research used experimental method with randomized block design.   Sixteen dairy cattle were used in this experiment.  There were four treatments and four replications used in this experiment.  The treatments consisted of R0= control ration, R1= cube CFB, R2= cylinder CFB and R3= ball CFB.  The treatment feeds were fed twice a day, at 6.00 am and 15.00 pm.  The amount of morning ration 34 kg of fresh napier grass and 5 kg of concentrate for the control ration, and the same amount of ration was also given in the afternoon feeding, therefore, the daily total fresh forage was 68 kg and concentrate was 10 kg.  Before feeding the forage was chopped in 5 cm length.  The complete feed block for the dairy cows was 10 kg for the morning ration and 10 kg for the afternoon ration, therefore, the daily total complete feed block was 20 kg.  The drinking water was available adlibitum.  The preliminary period was conducted for 2 weeks and data collection were conducted for 5 day of the end of study. The variables measured were dry matter and organic matter intake, dry matter digestibility and milk production.  These results showed that the control ration significantly affected with  ration all CFB form on dry matter and organic matter intake but did not significantly affect the dry matter digestibility and milk production. Key words : dairy cttle, complete feed block Abstrak.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh tiga pakan komplit bentuk cetak yaitu bentuk kubus, silinder dan bola yang diberikan pada sapi perah.   Pakan komplit bentuk cetak dibuat dari hijauan rumput gajah yang spesifik toleran tanah masam yang telah digiling dan bahan konsentrat dengan perbandingan 50:50.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok.  Enam belas ekor sapi perah dikelompokkan menjadi 4 dengan 4 ulangan.  Empat perlakuan yang dicobakan yaitu R0= ransum kontrol, R1= pakan komplit cetak bentuk kubus, R2= pakan komplit cetak bentuk silinder, dan R3= pakan komplit cetak bentuk bola. Pakan perlakuan diberikan dua kali sehari pagi pukul 06.00 dan sore 15.00.  Jumlah pakan  yang diberikan pada sapi perah kontrol pagi sebanyak 34 kg rumput gajah segar dan 5 kg konsentrat demikian juga pemberian yang sama pada sore hari sehingga jumlah hijauan segar yang diberikan kepada ternak 68 kg dan konsentrat 10 kg.  Rumput gajah yang diberikan sudah dipotong-potong terlebih dahulu dengan panjang 5 cm.  Jumlah pakan komplit cetak untuk sapi perah perlakuan yang diberikan pagi jumlahnya sama dengan pemberian sore masing-masing sebanyak 10 kg sehingga jumlah pakan komplit cetak yang diberikan 20 kg.  Air minum diberikan adlibitum.  Periode preliminary dilakukan selama 2 minggu dan koleksi data dilakukan selama 5 hari periode akhir percobaan.  Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik pakan, kecernaan bahan kering pakan dan produksi susu.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ransum kontrol beda nyata dengan semua bentuk pakan komplit cetak pada konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik, akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan  kecernaan bahan kering dan produksi susu. Kata kunci : sapi perah, pakan komplit bentuk cetak
Casrea Engineering Based on Extruded-Cassava-Urea as Protein Supplement for Slow Release of Ammonia in the Rumen In Vitro Prasetiyono, BWHE; Suryahadi, Suryahadi; Toharmat, T; Syarief, R
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 10, No 1 (2008): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

CASREA is protein supplement (PS) based on extruded-cassava-urea as main materials.  The objective of this study was to examine the CASREA characteristics by evaluating ammonia concentration (NH3), Volatile fatty acids (VFA), rumen microbial protein synthesis (RMPS), and protein digestibility post rumen (PDPR). Variables of NH3, VFA and RMPS were analyzed with a completely randomized design in factorial (4X3), namely CASREA as factor A, consisted of: Casrea1 (made from 32% urea and 58% cassava without extrusion), Casrea2 (extrusion 22% urea and 68% cassava), Casrea3 (extrusion 27% urea and 63% cassava), and Casrea4 (extrusion 32% urea and 58% cassava), whereas the factor B was incubation times, consisted of  2, 4, and 6 hours incubation time. Variable of PDPR was analyzed with a completely randomized design, and the treatments were Casrea1, 2, 3, and 4. Results showed that there were no interactions between CASREA and incubation time on variables of NH3, VFA, and RMPS. Extrusion on CASREA materials reduced (P<0.05) NH3 and VFA, but increased (P<0.05) RMPS and PDPR.  The highest RMPS and PDPR were 29.04 mg and 76.16%, respectively and were attained by Casrea2.  Casrea1 had the highest NH3 (43.42 mM), whereas Casrea2 had the lowest (29.65 mM).  Meanwhile, NH3 caused by Casrea2, Casrea3, and Casrea4 was 29.65, 30.54 and 31.44 mM, respectively and the increase these values were not significantly different. The concentration of NH3, VFA, and RMPS were stable on 4 hours incubation time. The present findings suggest that CASREA made from extrusion of 22% urea and 68% cassava as main materials was PS for slow release of ammonia (SRA) in the rumen due to reduction of NH3, but it improved the utilization of nitrogen for rumen microbial protein synthesis.  (Animal Production 10(1): 34-41 (2008) Key Words: Extruded-cassava-urea, protein supplement, slow release of ammonia
Increasing Goat Productivity Through the Improvement of Endogenous Secretion of Pregnant Hormones Using Follicle Stimulating Hormone Andriyanto, Andriyanto; Manalu, W
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 13, No 2 (2011): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Previous studies reported that the improvement of endogenous estrogen and progesterone secretions during gestation improved fetal prenatal growth, birth weight, mammary gland growth and development, milk production, litter size, pre- and post-weaning growths. An experiment was conducted to apply the improvement of endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones during pregnancy to increase goat productivity. Thirty-six female ettawah-cross does were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (control: 18 does) included does without improvement of endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones and Group 2 (treatment: 18 does) included does with improvement of endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones using follicle stimulating hormones to stimulate super ovulation. The application of this technology increased total offspring born (control: 25 offspring; treatment: 42 offspring), average litter size (control: 1.88; treatment: 2.33), offspring birth weight (control: 2.85±0.50 kg; treatment: 3.82±0.40 kg), and does milk production (control: 1.36±0.34 L/does/day; treatment: 2.10±0.21 L/does/day). Offspring born to does with improved endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones had better weaning weight (control: 11.17±1.99 kg/offspring; treatment: 14.5±1.11 kg/offspring). At weaning period, does with improved endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones produced offspring with total weaning weight twice as heavy as control does (control: 189.9 kg; treatment: 403.6 kg). By a simple calculation of economic analysis, this technology application could increase gross revenue per does until weaning by Rp. 432.888,89. It was concluded that this technology is economically feasible to be applied in small-scale farm.Key Words: follicle stimulating hormone, pregnant hormones, endogenous secretion, super ovulation, ettawah-cross does
Effect of Ration Containing Marsh Snail Meal on Protein Efficiency Ratio, Carcass And Visceral Weights of Broiler Aisjah, T
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 6, No 1 (2004): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Marsh snail is feed commodity which has not been used as protein source in ration protein, therefore, it is important to be investigated how its effect on protein efficiency ratio, carcass and visceral weights as biological evaluation.  This experiment used completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments and each of treatment was repeated 7 times and each unit experiment had 5 broilers.  Data obtained were analyzed by variance analysis and the difference between treatments with Duncan’s test.  Treatments of rations were R0 (fish meal 12%), R1 (unboiled marsh snail 15%), and R2 (boiled marsh snail).  Variable observed were protein consumption, and body weight gain (to get protein efficiency ratio), carcass, liver, gizzard and kidney weights.  The results of experiment showed that ration containing boiled marsh snail (R2) gave as good as control ration (R0) on protein efficiency ratio and gizzard weight, while carcass weight was significantly lower, and liver and kidney were significantly higher.  Therefore, boiled marsh snail meal can be used as protein source in broiler ration with balanced amino acid. (Animal Production 6(1): 56-60 (2004) Key Words: Marsh Snail, Boiled, Protein Consumption, Body Weight Gain, Carcass, Visceral, Broiler

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