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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Distribution and Diversity of Echinoderms in the Coastal Waters of South Beach of Lombok Island Syamsul Bahri; Lalu Raftha Patech; Zulhalifah Zulhalifah; Devi Ayu Septiani; Siswadi Siswadi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2320

Abstract

Echinoderms are benthic animals that can be found in almost all marine ecosystems but are mostly found in the intertidal coastal zone. Echinoderms play an important role as deposit feeders. This study aims to look at the distribution patterns, diversity, and habitat conditions of species in the southern coastal waters of Lombok Island, namely Kute, Awang, and Gerupuk beaches. The field survey was conducted using the quadratic transect method and free collection in October - November 2020. Based on the results of the research, a total of 11 species of echinoderms were found in Lombok Island consisting of 4 classes. Diadema setosum and Tripneusteus gratila were the most common species, whereas Synapta maculate, Holothuria leucospilota, Echinotrix diadema, Holothuria atra, and Ophiocoma scolopendrina were found in small numbers with uniform distribution (Id <1). Diadema setosum distribution pattern has the highest abundance with a clustered distribution pattern (Id> 1) in Awang and Gerupuk, and Tripneusteus gratila in Kute and Awang. The Diversity Index value is different in each habitat. The highest Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (Hꞌ) was found in Gerupuk 2.18. The largest smoothing index is found at Awang 0.96. The largest Dominance Index (D) is found in Gerupuk 0.88. Based on the value of the Echinoderm community structure on the South Coast of Lombok Island, it shows that diversity is moderate, community uniformity is unstable, and dominance is low. information regarding the distribution and diversity of Echinoderm fauna in various types of habitats around the seagrass as a first step to anticipate the decline in the Echinoderm population in the waters of the South Coast of Lombok Island.
Development of "Immersion and Plated Filtering" as an Alternative of VCO Making Dalmadi Dalmadi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 19 No. 1 (2019): Januari - Juni
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v19i1.1007

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of VCO oil made using the Layered Induction and Filtering technique. This research is an experimental study using the Layered Induction and Filtering method in making VCO oil. The population used as the object of this research is coconut in the Mataram city area, which is the raw material for making VCO oil. While the sample used is old and dry coconut fruit. The data from the calculation of the VCO quality test were obtained using the standard formula for calculating the quality of oil to test for moisture, peroxide numbers and free fatty acids. The results of the water content test at an interval of one hour for four times were 0.15%, the test results for the peroxide number were 2.46 and the acid number test results were 0.46%. Based on APCC (Asian and Pacific Coconut Community) standards, VCO oil made with the Layered Induction and Filtering technique has the quality of the water content, peroxide number, and free fatty acids below the maximum standards set by APCC, so the quality of VCO oil is very good. Making VCO with this method can be applied on a household scale with the quality of results according to the standards set by the APCC.
Diet and Behavior of Macaca fascicularis for Ecotourism Contributing on Pengsong Area M. Yamin; Dadi Setiadi; Khairuddin Khairuddin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2370

Abstract

Mount Pengsong is a mountainous ecotourism area with beautiful natural scenery and interesting biodiversity, including the presence of Macaca fascicularis populations. Type of food Macaca fascicularis in the tourist area of Mount Pengsong is not yet known, including it’s carrying capacity for population numbers. This study aims to determine the types of plants eaten and the types of food provided by visitors as well as the nutritional content of food consumed by monkeys in the area and the behavior of Macaca fascicularis as a management basis to support ecotourism in Mount Pengsong.  Data were collected using the "broad survey and line transect" method in the morning, afternoon and evening. Food data taken includes sources of food, drink, weather, temperature, humidity, humidity, altitude from sea level, and human activities around. The Macaca  fascicularis behavior data studied were daily activities, time to eat, play, rest, breed, population structure, population disturbance, social patterns (solitary / pair / group) and home range. The result is a monkey diet in the form of plants available around the tourist area as many as 23 species, 5 types of animals, 10 types of plants produced in agricultural areas and nine Types of food provided by visitors. Nutritional needs and elements can be fulfilled from available food sources and it will be more perfect by obtaining other food sources provided by visitors. Macaca fascicularis consumes a lot of plant species and is very dependent on the availability of food in its environment, the food given by visitors is liked by monkeys and provides good nutritional value. The population of Macaca fascicularis in the tourist area of Mount Pengsong was 83 individuals, 83 of whom were recorded from 9 (± 11%) adult males, 29 (± 35%) adult females and 45 (± 54%) juveniles and children. Daily activities of Macaca fascicularis were recorded as moving (35%), grooming (25%), playing (15%), inactive (10%), eating (6.8%), agonistic (3.6%), sleeping (2.3%), mating (0.9 %), and have a voice (0.8%).
Gathering Nutritious Edible Wild Plants Based on Societies Indigenous Knowledge from Sempolan, Jember Regency Kuswati Kuswati; Widi Cahya Adi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2607

Abstract

Indonesia, as a mega biodiversity country, has various types of wild plants. Sempolan Village, part of Jember Regency, has fertile land to support the growth of a wild plant. This research investigates wild plants used as food sources by indigenous peoples in Plalangan, Sempolan Village. This study also conducts data on how wild plants were cooked, served, and enriched by nutrition notice. The method is qualitative descriptive analysis obtained from observation, interview, documentation, and literature study. So, research results found 26 species and grouped them into 19 families. In addition, the locality of these species is in yards, fields, and roadsides. The habitus identified is an herb (77%), tree (11%), shrub (8%), and liana (4%). Those foods categorize into 1) carbohydrates sources, 2) vegetables, and 3) fresh fruits. The carbohydrate sources mostly served as a side dish, compote, and flour by stewing and frying. The vegetables include 18 species served as complements of the main menu, which cooked for soup, curry, stir fry, ointment, and pothok. Fresh fruits comprise of 4 species were directly consume or make a salad. Furthermore, all food resources contain essential nutrients like vitamins, macro and micro minerals, and phytochemicals that are important for society's growth and healthy lives. Finally, Information on wild plants as a food source will increase food diversification as well as dishes.
The Study of Mangrove Reproductive Phenology in The Rhizophoraceae Family (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk., Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob., Rhizophora apiculata Blume. and Rhizophora mucronata Lamk.) WD. Syarni Tala
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2091

Abstract

Kendari Bay is directly adjacent to the Kendari City area, so that it receives a lot of pressure mainly from community activities. This pressure causes the declining of mangrove forest area every year. Reproductive phenology of mangroves can be used in planning, collecting seeds, and seeding propagules for rehabilitation of degraded mangrove forest area. The aims of this research were to know the morphological characteristics of mangrove reprodutive organs and mangrove reproductive phenology of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, and Rhizophora mucronata in Kendari Bay. The method using in this research was observation method that conducted directly in the field. Morphology and phenology of mangrove reproduction divided into 6 phases, i.e. flower bud, blooming flower, ovary, fruit, young propagule and mature propagule. The data was analysed descriptively. According to the result, the morphological characteristics of 4 mangrove species were different. Flower of B. gymnorrhiza was single, whereas flowers of C. tagal, R. apiculata and R. mucronata were inflorescences. Ovary of B. gymnorrhiza was hemi inferous, whereas ovaries of C. tagal, R. apiculata and R. mucronata were superous. R. mucronata had the largest propagule compared to other mangroves observed. The timing of mangrove reproductive phenology also showed different result. B. gymnorrhiza required 299 days to develop from flower bud to mature propagule and R. apiculata required 262 days, whereas C. tagal and R. mucronata  had not been able known its phenological period because the timing data from ovary to fruit had not been obtained. Further research is needed to resolve this issue. 
Comparison of Lung Capacity in Communities in Low Land and High Land Norma Juniati; Syamsul Bahri; Yenni Desimarlina; Annisa Zikri Robbia; Ainun Jariah; Husnul Fuadi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2359

Abstract

The environment in which they live has a major influence on the development of a person's physical characteristics and abilities. One of the physical capacities that is strongly influenced by the anthropometric measurements of the body and the body's adaptability to the environment is the vital capacity of the lungs. The vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that can enter and leave the lungs during one breathing cycle after maximum inspiration and maximum expiration. This study aims to determine the difference in the vital capacity of the lungs in the people in the lowlands of Mataram city and the highlands of Sembalun village. Sampling was done using purposive sampling technique with a sample of 20 people in each research area with an age range of 21-25 years. The data were collected using a simple spirometer made by the researcher. The control variables in this study included gender, age, height, body weight and sample hemoglobin levels. The results showed the average value of vital lung capacity in the lowlands was 2837.5 ml, while the vital capacity of the lungs in the highlands was 2767.5 ml. The results of hypothesis testing were carried out using the Independent Sample t-test using SPSS 16 and the results of the significance value (2-tailed) 0.740> 0.05 so that Ho was accepted, which means that there is no difference in the vital capacity of the lungs in the highlands and lowlands.
Early Study on Embryogenesis O.woworae at Different Salinities Fani Savitri Agatha; Mustahal Mustahal; Mas Bayu Syamsunarno; Muh. Herjayanto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2574

Abstract

Oryzias woworae is an endemic fish of Sulawesi. This endemic fish naturally had faced endangered illegal and unlawful capture, therefore it is needed to be protected and conserved by a cultivation system. This research aims to provide basic information related to the cultivation of O. woworae to know the optimum salinity of hatching media and its influence on the hatchability of eggs and the length of time hatching O. woworae. This research was conducted using experimental methods and presented descriptively. The treatment used in this study is 0 ppt, 2-4 pt, 6-8 ppt, 10-12 ppt. The results showed that O. woworae eggs can hatch in salinity 0 ppt until 10-12 ppt and the best salinity for the length of hatching time is treatment of 2-4 ppt which is 7th day 14 hours 20 minutes. Treatment 0 ppt, 2-4 ppt and 6-8 ppt can reach 100%. This can be concluded that the optimum salinity of the hatching rate of Oryzias woworae until 6-8 ppt, but in treatment 10-12 ppt hatchability only gets 80% as some embryos become shrinking. Hatchability per day shows the treatment of 2-4 ppt is the best treatment, on the 7th day as much as 40% and on the 8th day as much as 40%. The optimal salinity for hatching O. woworae eggs is  2-4 ppt treatment, salinity that can expedite the length of hatching time and produce  hatching rate by 100%.  
Specialty Dihydrobenzoxanthone’s Artocarpus Purified By Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) Aliefman Hakim
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2639

Abstract

One family of plants that are source of bioactive chemicals is the Moraceae.Artocarpus is the main genus of the Moraceae. Several species of the genus Artocarpus have been isolated their secondary metabolites. The main fractions obtained from the VLC are analyzed again by TLC. Fractions that have same spots (Rf) pooled. Purification process on main factions are done repeatedly by radial chromatography. Flavonoid is the most found from Artocarpus plant. Dihydrobenzoxanthone is one of flavonoid derivatives which is successfully isolated from Artocarpus. Dihydrobenzoxanthone is only formed from the flavone with ring B which isoxygenated with pattern of 2', 4' and 5'. Students can be learned dihydrobenzoxanthone’s Artocarpus by laboratory activities. 
Morphology, morphometrics, and molecular characteristics of Apis cerana and Apis nigrocincta from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Nuraini Nuraini; Hari Purwanto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2614

Abstract

Systematics of honey bees has developed rapidly. Several studies have attempted to infer the kinship between each group of honey bees.  One approach is the use identification and phylogenetic analysis using combination of morphology, morphometric, and molecular characteristics data. There are three species of honey bees found in the Central Sulawesi, namely Apis dorsata, A. cerana and A. nigrocincta. The last two species mentioned have similar biological properties, so they present some difficulties to identify especially with morphological characters only. The results showed that the two Apis bee species analyzed in this study, had similar morphological features compared to specimens of the same species from the other regions, whereas the morphometry of the two had variations in size compared to the same species that have been reported in other regions. The variations in the size or morphometric character of worker bees, both those with a larger or smaller size, possibly being a form of morphological adaptation to different environmental conditions. The CO1 and 16S Mitochondrial DNA sequencesof A. cerana and A. nigrocincta from this studywere similarto thesequences of the same species in the GeneBank’s database. This study provide preliminary data contributing to the preservation and utilization of one of Indonesia’s important biodiversity resources.
The Utilization of Medicinal Plants to Cure Gastrointestinal Disorders by The Dayak Muara Tribe in Kuala Dua Village, Sanggau Regency Fathul Yusro; Yeni Mariani; Evy Wardenaar
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2638

Abstract

People use medicinal plants to treat various diseases, one of which is gastric disorders. The study aims to analyze the use of medicinal plants to overcome gastric disorders by the Dayak Muara tribe in Kuala Dua Village, Sanggau Regency. The sampling method was purposive sampling, with the number of respondents was 10% of the total number of households in Kuala Dua Village (91 respondents). The information regarding the medicinal plants used by the Dayak Muara tribe to overcome gastric disorders such as diarrhea, intestinal worms, nausea and vomiting, constipation, gastric, flatulence, and stomachache was collected. Furthermore, data obtained analyzed for the use-value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL). The Dayak Muara tribe in Kuala Dua village, Kembayan District, has used 17 species of medicinal plants to overcome gastric disorders. Curcuma longa is the plant with a high use value or UV (0.96), followed by Psidium guajava (0.89) and Zingiber officinale (0.45). The highest value of informant consensus factor or ICF includes the diseases category of diarrhea (0.98), gastric, stomachache, nausea, and vomiting, each of which has an ICF value (0.96), constipation (0.94), intestinal worms and flatulence (0.88). The plants with the highest fidelity level (FL) are Allium sativum, Cymbopogon citratus and Centella asiatica for gastric (100), Areca catechu for constipation (100), Moringa oleifera, and Theobroma cacao (100) for stomachache.

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