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Kota mataram,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics of Kombucha as a Functional Immunomodulatory Food for Children with Special Needs at Elementary School Level: Literature Review Jubaedah, Siti; Surahman, Yugga Tri; Rezaldi, Firman; Huda, Fahmi Alamil; Suminar, Erni; Mubarok, Syariful
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11652

Abstract

Kombucha is a fermented tea-based beverage containing various bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, organic acids (acetic, gluconic, and glucuronic acids), and probiotic microorganisms produced by the Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY). These compounds exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities that may support immune function. This study aimed to analyze the pharmacological and pharmacoeconomic aspects of kombucha as a functional immunomodulatory food for elementary-level children with special needs through a systematic literature review approach. Data were collected from Scopus-indexed journals and other reputable scientific databases published between 2016 and 2025. The findings indicate that kombucha exerts pharmacological effects by modulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, enhancing antioxidant activity, and improving gut microbiota balance, thereby contributing to immune homeostasis. From a pharmacoeconomic perspective, kombucha shows potential as a cost-effective preventive functional food intervention with relatively low production costs and potential long-term healthcare cost efficiency. However, direct clinical evidence in children with special needs remains limited, highlighting the need for further experimental and clinical studies to establish safety, efficacy, and comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation.
Relationship between TIM-3 Immune Response Expression and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Histopathology Harahap, Vina Andita; Farhat, Farhat; Nursiah, Siti; Yudhistira, Ashri; Sitompul, Ramlan; Harahap, Juliandi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11659

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignancy of the nasopharyngeal epithelium that is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and is associated with impaired immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is an immune checkpoint molecule that plays a role in suppressing the antitumor immune response. This study aims to analyze the relationship between TIM-3 immune response expression and the histopathological type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. An analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 40 paraffin blocks of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, selected by consecutive sampling. TIM-3 expression was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with the calculation of ΔCT values against the control gene β-actin. Univariate analysis was used to describe the characteristics of the subjects, while bivariate analysis used the Kruskal–Wallis test to assess the relationship between TIM-3 expression and histopathological type. The majority of subjects were male (65%) with a mean age of 48.2 ± 11.1 years. The most common histopathological type was non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (90%). The mean TIM-3 expression was 4.3 ± 1.6 with a median of 4.8 (−0.1–6.7), and 97.5% of samples showed increased expression. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed no significant correlation between TIM-3 expression and histopathological type (p = 0.452). It was concluded that TIM-3 expression is generally increased in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but is not significantly associated with histopathological type. Further research is needed to evaluate the biological role and therapeutic potential of TIM-3 in this disease.

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