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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Association Between Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Status of Fifth-Grade Students in Kediri District Azizah, Baiq Nurul; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11502

Abstract

The quality of future human resources is closely linked to the current nutritional status of children. Unhealthy and irregular dietary patterns can lead to undernutrition or overnutrition, affecting overall health and brain development. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and the nutritional status of fifth-grade students in Kediri District. A correlational design with random sampling was conducted in eight schools, involving 221 respondents. Dietary patterns were classified as good (66.5%), fair (24.4%), very good (7.2%), and poor (1.8%). Nutritional status was predominantly normal (96.8%), with 3.2% categorized as overweight, and no cases of underweight. Chi-Square analysis indicated a significant association between dietary patterns and nutritional status (p = 0.009 < 0.05), with a low correlation coefficient (r = 0.224). These findings suggest that dietary patterns are not the sole determinant of nutritional status; factors such as health condition, physical activity, illness frequency, and environmental conditions also contribute. It is recommended to promote healthy eating habits among students and parents, ensure food hygiene in schools, and provide nutritious food options. Future research should consider nutritional education interventions to assess their impact on students’ dietary patterns and nutritional status.
Antibacterial Effectiveness of A Combination of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) and Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract on The Growth of Escherichia coli in Vitro Wiranty, Agna Shailla Monica; Arjita, I Putu Dedy; Setyowati, Ety Retno
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11504

Abstract

The high incidence of diarrhea and the increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to various first-line antibiotics has prompted the search for safer and more effective antibacterial alternatives. Herbal plants such as binahong leaves and soursop leaves are known to contain secondary metabolites with antibacterial potential. This study aims to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of a combination of binahong and soursop leaf extracts on the growth of Escherichia coli in vitro and to determine the most effective combination concentration. This study was a laboratory experimental study with a true experimental design, then tested against Escherichia coli using the agar diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and continued with the Mann–Whitney test. The results showed that the combination of binahong and soursop leaf extracts was able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli at all concentrations tested. There was a statistically significant difference in the diameter of the inhibition zone between treatment groups (p < 0.05). The combination of extracts at a concentration of 50% showed more optimal inhibitory activity than other concentrations, which is thought to be influenced by the interaction of the active compounds in both extracts. In conclusion, the combination of binahong and soursop leaf extracts has antibacterial effectiveness against the growth of Escherichia coli in vitro and has the potential to be developed as a natural antibacterial alternative.
The Relationship Between Parenting Styles, Self-Esteem and Peer Support on Anxiety in Grade XI Students of SMAN 5 Mataram Widyasari, Ni Luh Rani; Adiwibawa, Danang Nur; Sherliyanah, Sherliyanah; Nirmala, Suci
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11519

Abstract

Individuals with high self esteem tend to be more confident and are therefore more capable of effectively coping with various situations, which ultimately reduces the likelihood of social anxiety. Peer support represents a form of affection from peers in the form of attention, assistance, and appreciation, providing both physical and psychological comfort through social interaction. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting styles, self-esteem, and peer support on anxiety in 11th-grade students at SMAN 5 Mataram. This research utilized an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional method. The sample for this study included 92 students who were chosen through total random sampling. Data was gathered by using questionnaires to assess parenting styles, self-esteem, peer support, and anxiety levels. The analysis of the data was carried out with univariate and bivariate techniques employing the Spearman rank sum test. The findings indicated a notable correlation between authoritarian parenting styles and anxiety among 11th-grade students at SMAN 5 Mataram, with a p-value of 0.049 (p-value <0.05), signifying that Ho was rejected. There is a connection between self-esteem and anxiety in class XI students of SMAN 5 Mataram with a p-value of 0.005 (p-value <0.05), indicating that Ho is rejected. Additionally, there is a link between peer support and anxiety among class XI students of SMAN 5 Mataram with a p-value of 0.000 (p-value <0.05), which also means Ho is rejected. In summary, it can be concluded that there is an association between parenting styles and anxiety, a connection between self-esteem and anxiety, and a relationship between peer support and anxiety.
Antibacterial Effectiveness Test of Combination Ethanol Extract of Rosella Flowers (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) and Green Betel Leaves (Piper betle L) on Growth Escherichia coli Pradivtha, I Wayan Anantha; Wanadiatri, Halia; Rusmiatik, Rusmiatik; Lestari, Novianti Anggie
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11562

Abstract

Infections from bacteria like Escherichia coli continue to be a major health issue, especially because of the rising rates of antibiotic resistance. This situation emphasizes the necessity for creating different antibacterial solutions that come from natural sources. The Roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and the green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) are recognized for having several secondary compounds that may have antibacterial properties. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of a combination of ethanol extracts of roselle flower and green betel leaf against the growth of Escherichia coli. This study was an experimental laboratory study using a post-test only control group design. Ethanol extractions from the roselle flower and green betel leaf were assessed separately at a concentration of 100% and together at a ratio of 50%:50%. The antibacterial properties were examined using the disk diffusion technique. Ciprofloxacin was utilized as a positive control, and 10% Dimethyl Sulfoxide acted as a negative control. The findings indicated that the 100% ethanol extract of the roselle flower yielded an average inhibition zone diameter of 19.6 mm, whereas the 100% ethanol extract of the green betel leaf resulted in an average inhibition zone diameter of 29.4 mm. The combined extract at a 50%:50% ratio showed an average inhibition zone diameter of 25.2 mm. Thus, it can be concluded that the mixture of ethanol extracts from the roselle flower and green betel leaf demonstrates significant antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli, although it remains less effective than the green betel leaf extract alone.
Problem Profile of Drugs (DRPs) in Antidiabetic Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in The Inpatient Ward Alfhina, Luluk; Harahap, Herpan Syafii; Alaydrus, Raisya Hasina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11571

Abstract

The occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus keeps rising worldwide each year, and this includes Indonesia. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus frequently encounter Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) due to multiple medications resulting from related health issues. Thus, recognizing DRPs is essential to enhance treatment success. The Mataram City Regional General Hospital stands out as one of the hospitals with the most significant number of type 2 diabetes mellitus cases each year from 2021 to 2023, showing an increase of 18.81%. The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of DRPs (Drug-Related Problems) in antidiabetic therapy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the inpatient ward of Mataram City General Hospital during the period of April 2025. Data gathering was performed retrospectively by reviewing medical documents and conducting patient interviews. The medical documents were examined using the Cipolle classification, and the findings were illustrated in a diagram format with Microsoft Excel. The findings indicated that drug-related issues (DRPs) were present in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Mataram City Regional General Hospital in April 2025. Among the 55 diabetes patients, 7 were found to have DRPs (12.72%), with DRPs manifesting as indications lacking medication (9.09%) and medications prescribed without indications (3.64%).
Dietary Supplementation of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract as a Prebiotic for Improved Growth in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aprililianti, Aprililianti; Ayu, Wastu; Cokrowati, Nunik
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11599

Abstract

Functional feed additives from plant sources are increasingly explored to improve aquaculture efficiency and sustainability. This study was conducted to assess the influence of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplementation as a natural prebiotic source on the growth performance and feed utilization efficiency in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experiment was carried out for a period of 40 days in a completely randomized design with four dietary treatments of moringa leaf extract levels, controlling (0), 10, 15 and 20 mL/100 g diets, each replicated three times.  The performance criteria were survival rate (SR), absolute weight and length gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed utilization efficiency (EPP) and water quality. Results indicated that there are no significant effects of M. oleifera leaf extract supplementation SR, absolute weight gain, absolute length gain and SGR (p > 0.05) however it significantly affects FCR and EPP (p < 0.05). The lowest FCR and the highest EPP were observed in fish fed 20 mL/100 g feed, which suggests a better utilization of the feed. All water quality parameters were adequate during the culture period. In conclusion, M. oleifera leaf extract has potential as a natural feed additive with prebiotic-like properties to enhance feed efficiency in Nile tilapia, thereby supporting more efficient and sustainable aquaculture practices.  
Testing The Laxative Activity of Utasupe Leaf Juice from The Ende Region on White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Loperamid Induced Constipation Model Hendrik, Einstein Daud Victor; Nurina, Rr. Listyawati; Manafe, Derri Tallo; Rini, Desi Indria; Dean, Muhajirin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11608

Abstract

Constipation is a problem in the pattern of elimination due to the presence of dry or hard feces passing through the large intestine, while a laxative is a substance that can provide stimulation of intestinal peristalsis as a reflex of direct stimulation of the intestinal wall that can facilitate defecation. Many medicinal plants can treat constipation, one of which is Utasupe. Utasupe is a vegetable plant originating from the Ende region. In Ende, Utasupe is believed to facilitate bowel movements, so people often consume Utasupe. This study aims to determine the laxative effect of Utasupe leaf juice from Ende region on loperamide-induced male white rats (Rattus novergicus). The study was conducted experimentally on 30 Sprague daley strain white rats aged 8-12 weeks. The parameter for testing the laxative effect was the defecation pattern, while the observed parameter was the frequency of defecation every hour for 8 hours. Utasupe leaf juice was administered orally at a dose of 125 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL and 500 mg/mL, as a comparison negative control (Na-CMC) and positive control (Bisacodyl) were used. The results showed that the administration of Utasupe leaf juice at a dose of 250 mg/mL had a laxative effect on male white rats. Utasupe leaf juice has laxative activity in white rats (Rattus novergicus). The time required for defecation to occur after being given Utasupe leaf juice from the Ende area in white rats (Rattus novergicus) is one hour with the most effective dose is 250 mg/mL.
The Association Between Saturated Fat Intake and Central Obesity and Elevated Hypertension Among Communities and Monasteries of The Archdiocese of Ende Ire, Yohana Helena Fiorola; Wungouw, Herman P. L; Asa, Helena Meldy; Woda, Rahel Rara
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11609

Abstract

Central obesity and hypertension are major public health problems contributing substantially to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Excess saturated fat intake plays an important role in visceral fat accumulation and blood pressure elevation, particularly in populations with distinctive lifestyles and dietary patterns such as religious communities and monasteries. This study aimed to determine the association between saturated fat intake and central obesity as well as elevated hypertension among members of communities and monasteries of the Archdiocese of Ende. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total of 50 respondents were selected using simple random sampling. Saturated fat intake was assessed using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, central obesity was determined by waist circumference measurement, and elevated hypertension was identified through blood pressure assessment. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. Most respondents had normal saturated fat intake (50.0%), followed by high intake (40.0%). Central obesity was observed in 72.0% of respondents, and 40.0% were classified as having elevated hypertension. Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between saturated fat intake and central obesity (p = 0.001) as well as elevated hypertension (p = 0.009). There is a significant association between saturated fat intake and both central obesity and elevated hypertension among members of communities and monasteries of the Archdiocese of Ende.
Association Between Glycemic Control (HbA1c) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia Bria, Caecilia Ivana Alice Un; Setianingrum, Elisabeth Levina S.; Wungouw, Herman P. L.; Nugroho, Teguh Dwi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11618

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2) is a metabolic disorder that usually involves chronic inflammatory responses. The Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is often utilized as a simple and cost-effective indicator of inflammation in the entire body. However, studies examining its connection to HbA1c, which indicates long-term glucose management, reveal inconsistent findings across various populations. This study aimed to assess the relationship between HbA1c levels and NLR values among T2DM patients attending the Internal Medicine Clinic of Mgr. Gabriel Manek Hospital, Atambua. This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 62 outpatients with T2DM, selected through accidental sampling between August and November 2025. HbA1c levels and leukocyte differential counts used to calculate NLR were obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test due to non-normal distribution. Most respondents were female (56.5%) and aged 46–55 years (51.6%). A large proportion of patients demonstrated suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) at 91.9%. NLR values were predominantly within the normal range (79.0%). Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and NLR (p = 0.321; r = 0.128). This study found no meaningful correlation between HbA1c levels and NLR among T2DM outpatients in the study setting. The findings suggest that in stable outpatient populations, elevated HbA1c levels may not directly reflect systemic inflammatory activity as measured by NLR.
Formalin Analysis in Anchovies (Stolephorus sp) at Simpang Limun Market, Medan City Utami, Dinda Sari; Kusumastuti, Melati Yulia; Nadia, Syarifah; Daulay, Anny Sartika; Fauzi, Ziza Putri Aisyia; Maulida, Helni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11626

Abstract

Salted anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) are a long-known and popular delicacy among Indonesians. Salting is the most common method of preserving fish. Table salt (NaCl) is the most common and widely used method. The salting process takes a long time, leading traders who want to make large profits to add formalin to the fish to prevent it from rotting quickly and to preserve it for a long time. This study aims to determine whether anchovies sold at the Simpang Limun market in Medan City contain formalin and the levels of formalin identified in salted anchovies using the VIS spectrophotometry method. The research was carried out employing a purposive approach, and the samples analyzed were anchovies sourced from both the Simpang Limun market and the Modern Market. The independent variables in this research included anchovies, Schryver reagent, KMnO4 reagent, Schiff reagent, as well as VIS Spectrophotometry. To perform qualitative analysis of formalin, KMnO4 reagent, Schryver reagent, and Schiff reagent were utilized, while the quantitative analysis was conducted using the VIS spectrophotometry method with Schiff reagent. The findings from the validation of the method indicated a detection threshold of 10.39 µg/mL and a quantitative limit of 34.65 µg/mL, with formalin recovery rates in anchovy samples between 98.8 and 101.16%. Qualitative examinations of six anchovy samples returned negative outcomes, and the quantitative analysis across all samples supported the findings, revealing that only one sample was free of formalin.

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