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Kota mataram,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,597 Documents
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Effect of AB Mix Concentration on Height and Leaf Number of Hydroponic Ipomea reptans Indriasari, Tyas; Susanti, Hemalia; Agustina, Melinda; Sabrina, Mutia Zakiyyatus; Suwarto, Suwarto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11278

Abstract

Ipomoea reptans is a widely consumed leafy vegetable with high potential for hydroponic cultivation, which is greatly influenced by nutrient management. This study aims to determine the effect of various AB Mix solutions with different concentrations on plant growth and to identify the optimal concentration for plant development. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara Sukoharjo using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three concentrations of AB Mix solution: high (5 ml/l), medium (3 ml/l), and low (1.5 ml/l), with five replicates for each treatment. Plant height and number of leaves were observed as growth parameters. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 5% significance level, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The results showed that various concentrations of AB Mix significantly affected plant height and number of leaves (P<0.05). The medium concentration (3 ml/l) showed the highest plant height and number of leaves compared to the other treatments. It can be concluded that a 3 ml/l AB Mix nutrient concentration is the most optimal for promoting the vegetative growth of Ipomoea reptans in hydroponic conditions and can be recommended as a practical guide for hydroponic cultivation to enhance plant vegetative growth.
Potency of Gastropods as Ecological Bioindicators in the Anthropogenic Waters of Geger Beach Bay, Bali Wijaya, I Made Dwi Guna; Farhan Yudhistira Kurniawan; Maria Inggrit Indrayanti Soko; Uni Putri Audia Marpaung; Pratama, Made Dendy
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11379

Abstract

The increasing pressure of tourism and urbanization in coastal areas like Bali often leads to environmental degradation, necessitating a robust biomonitoring system. Gastropods serve as ideal ecological bioindicators due to their limited mobility and specific tolerance to environmental stress. This study aims to assess the water quality of Geger Beach Bay using gastropods as indicators. Observations were conducted at three stations—upstream, midstream, and downstream—using the quadrant transect method. Community analysis included diversity (H'), evenness (E), and dominance (C) indices, alongside physicochemical water parameters. The results showed significant variations in community structure. The downstream station recorded the highest diversity (H' = 2.47) and abundance (129 individuals) due to stable salinity, while the upstream station had the lowest diversity (H' = 1.31) despite high DO, likely due to unstable substrate. PCA analysis confirmed that DO, temperature, and salinity were the primary environmental drivers. Low salinity (15-17 ppt) and pH levels indicate freshwater dilution from nearby hotel effluent. Overall, gastropods are effective bioindicators for coastal health, providing a scientific basis for sustainable management, specifically recommending improved wastewater treatment to preserve biodiversity.
Fermentation Driven Enhancement of Flavonoid, Phenolic, and Antioxidant Activity in Melastoma malabathricum Fruit Maharani, Maharani; Setiawansyah, Arif; Marpaung, Mauritz Pandapotan; Pratamarta, Meliasi Nora
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11393

Abstract

Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) is a fruit known for its high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which contribute to its antioxidant properties and are highly affected by fermentation processes. This study investigated how aerobic and anaerobic fermentation influence the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of senggani fruit extracts. The experiment involved aerobic fermentation without yeast and anaerobic fermentation with yeast, both conducted for three days. Total phenolics were quantified using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, total flavonoids were measured via the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, and antioxidant activity was evaluated through the DPPH radical scavenging assay using UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The findings indicated that aerobic fermentation resulted in greater total phenolic (16.45 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid levels (16.95 mg QE/g), along with stronger antioxidant activity (IC50 55.37 ppm), compared to anaerobic fermentation. In contrast, anaerobic treatment yielded lower phenolic (11.77 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid contents (11.53 mg QE/g) and reduced antioxidant capacity (IC₅₀ 59.86 ppm). Overall, the results suggest that fermentation conditions play a crucial role in shaping the bioactive composition and antioxidant performance of senggani extracts, with aerobic fermentation showing better potential for developing functional and nutraceutical products.
Effect of Anti-Mycotoxin (Toxin Binder) Supplementation in Feed on Broiler Performance Anawati, Novi; Sukaryani, Sri; Purwati, Catu Suci
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11491

Abstract

Mycotoxin contamination in poultry feed is a major concern in broiler production because it can reduce feed quality, impair nutrient absorption, and negatively affect growth performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anti-mycotoxin (toxin binder) supplementation in the diet on broiler chicken performance, including feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The study lasted for 28 days and involved day-old broiler chicks set up in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were P0 (a control diet lacking a toxin binder), P1 (a diet with a toxin binder added), and P2 (a diet with the highest amount of toxin binder). Data analysis was carried out using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the least significant difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. Findings indicated that adding a toxin binder had a significant impact (P<0.05) on the feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in broiler chickens. The P2 treatment achieved the best results, exhibiting the lowest FCR value, whereas the P1 treatment did not display any significant difference when compared to the control group.
Water Quality Assessment of Bagek Kembar Mangrove Ecosystem Using Phytoplankton as A Bioindicators Setiawan, Yoszi; Japa, Lalu; Sedijani, Prapti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11492

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are highly dependent on surrounding water quality, which can be effectively assessed using biological indicators such as phytoplankton communities. This study aimed to analyze the water quality of the Bagek Kembar Mangrove Essential Ecosystem, West Lombok, based on phytoplankton community. The research employed a descriptive exploratory design with purposive sampling at three mangrove ecosystem types: pond area, rehabilitated mangrove, and natural mangrove. Phytoplankton samples were collected using a plankton net and analyzed for abundance, species diversity, evenness, and dominance. Physical and chemical parameters including temperature, pH, and salinity were also  study fully identified 67 species of phytoplankton with a total abundance of 2,542.5 ind/L. Merismopedia elegans was a dominant species, particularly in the pond area. Diversity indices ranged from low to moderate, evenness valuew indicated relatively stable communities, and dominance indexs showed no species dominance. These results indicated that the waters of the Bagek Kembar mangrove ecosystem are generally in good condition with mild ecological pressure influenced by anthropogenic activities. This study provides baseline ecological data to support sustainable management and conservation strategies for mangrove essential ecosystems of Bagek kembar, West Lombok.
Spatial Variation in Water Quality Based on Biotic Indices Along Urban River Reservoir Continuum in Samarinda Budiman, Budiman; Luthfiah, Khairunnisa; Patang, Fatmawati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11509

Abstract

The Karang Mumus River and Benanga Reservoir are water bodies that play a vital role in supporting ecological functions and meeting the socio-economic needs of urban dwellers of Samarinda. However, pressure from urban anthropogenic activities has caused a decline in water quality in both water bodies. This study aims to assess water quality along the Benanga Reservoir and Karang Mumus River using benthic macroinvertebrates as ecological indicators. Macroinvertebrate benthos sampling was conducted in March 2024 in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Karang Mumus River, as well as the Benanga Reservoir, which is the source of the river's water flow. Furthermore, water quality assessment along these waters was determined based on the importance value index (INP), Shannon-Wiener diversity (H'), evenness (E), and Simpson dominance (D), as well as biotic indices, namely BMWP-ASPT (Biological Monitoring Working Party-Average Score Per Taxon) and FBI (Family Biotic Index). The results of the study showed that Benanga Reservoir has a fairly high diversity (H' = 2.05), with a dominance of taxa sensitive to pollution, such as the Baetidae family, indicating relatively good water conditions. BMWP-ASPT and FBI values ​​indicate that the quality of Benanga Reservoir is relatively good. In contrast, the upstream, middle, and downstream segments of the Karang Mumus River showed a gradual decline in water quality. In the middle and downstream segments, the dominance of taxa tolerant of aquatic environmental pollution, such as Lestidae and Tubificidae, was observed, along with a high FBI value (9.49), indicating that the water is highly polluted with organic materials.
From Illumination to Biological Regulation: A Biological Reappraisal of Lighting Management in Chickens – A Review Oktariansyah, Yadi; Putri, Ferta Liza
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11515

Abstract

Lighting management is a fundamental component of chicken production systems and has traditionally been applied as a technical tool to enhance activity, feeding behavior, and productivity. Increasing evidence, however, indicates that light functions not merely as illumination, but as a key biological signal regulating circadian rhythms, neuroendocrine pathways, behavior, welfare, and long-term production performance. This review provides a biological reappraisal of lighting management in chickens by synthesizing current evidence on how different lighting characteristics influence biological regulation and practical outcomes. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with a qualitative synthesis approach adopted due to heterogeneity in study designs, lighting protocols, and outcome measures. Evidence was integrated across major lighting domains, including photoperiod duration, timing consistency, light intensity, spatial distribution, spectral composition, lighting technology, and stage-specific implementation. Emphasis was placed on identifying primary biological targets, expected production benefits, risks of mismanagement, and relevant monitoring indicators. The synthesized findings demonstrate that lighting management acts primarily through alignment with endogenous circadian and endocrine systems rather than isolated technical parameters. Lighting regimes that preserve circadian stability support sustainable productivity and animal welfare, whereas biologically inappropriate strategies may induce cumulative physiological stress and compromise long-term performance. This review highlights the need to reframe lighting management as a form of biological regulation to support data-driven and biologically informed production systems.
Potential Carbon Stock and CO2 Absorption in Star Apple (Chrysophyllum cainito) and Javanese Sapodilla (Manilkara kauki) in the Unesa Campus Forest Rifah, Fitriah Anggun Juwita Ma; Rachmadiarti, Fida
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11523

Abstract

The Unesa Campus Forest is one of the green open spaces that has the to play a significant role in mitigating climate change through carbon storage and sequestration. However, information on the carbon storage capacity and CO₂ absorption of local tree species in this area is still limited. This study aims to analyze the carbon stock and CO2 absorption in C. cainito and M. kauki in the Unesa campus forest and their relationship with morphological and physiological characteristics as well as physical and chemical parameters of the environment carbon stocks and CO2 absorption in C. cainito and M. kauki in the Unesa campus forest and to examine their relationships with morphological and physiological characteristics, as well as with physical and chemical environmental parameters. The study employed a total census and purposive sampling method, with analysis of the relationship between variables using Pearson's correlation test. The results showed that M. kauki has higher carbon stock and CO₂ absorption capacity than C. cainito. Carbon stock was positively correlated with height, circumference, diameter, and leaf area of C. cainito and M. kauki. Meanwhile, chlorophyll content for did not significantly affect carbon stock. The physicochemical parameters of the environment in this study supported the growth of both plant species.
Analysis of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Combination Extract of Red Castor Leaves (Jatropha gossypiifolia L) and Butterfly Pea Flowers (Clitoria ternatea L) Putri, Bq Dinda Ayuni Rusma; Sabariah, Sabariah; Rini, Setio; Setiawan, Nyoman Cahyadi Tri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11559

Abstract

Red physic nut leaves (Jatropha gossypifolia L.) and butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) are medicinal plants known to contain various secondary metabolites with potential applications in the pharmaceutical field. Secondary metabolites such play an important role as natural bioactive compounds. This study aimed to determine the presence of secondary metabolite compounds in the extracts of red physic nut leaves and butterfly pea flowers through phytochemical screening tests. This research was an experimental laboratory study. Samples of red physic nut leaves and butterfly pea flowers were dried, powdered, and extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent for 3 × 24 hours with periodic stirring. The filtrate obtained from maceration was filtered and evaporated to obtain a thick extract. The extracts were then qualitatively analyzed using phytochemical screening methods to detect alkaloids (Mayer, Wagner, and Dragendorff reagents), flavonoids (Shinoda test), saponins (foam test), tannins (FeCl₃ test), as well as steroids and terpenoids (Liebermann–Burchard test). The phytochemical screening results showed that the extracts of red physic nut leaves and butterfly pea flowers were positive for several groups of secondary metabolites. Both extracts were identified to contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, while alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids showed varying results in each extract. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that red physic nut leaves and butterfly pea flowers have the potential to serve as sources of natural bioactive compounds for further natural product–based research.
Production Performances of Joper Chicken Fed Fermented Azolla pinnata Suryadinata, Muhamad; Wiryawan, I Ketut Gede; Maslami, Vebera
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11588

Abstract

The instability of animal feed prices has encouraged the utilization of alternative feed ingredients to partially replace commercial rations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fermented Azolla pinnata inclusion at different levels on feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), crude protein intake, and crude fiber intake of Joper chickens. The research was conducted under a completely randomized design that included five dietary treatments: P0 (100% commercial feed), P1 (15% unfermented Azolla pinnata), P2 (10% fermented Azolla pinnata), P3 (15% fermented Azolla pinnata), and P4 (20% fermented Azolla pinnata). The results showed that feed intake and FCR were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. However, body weight gain, crude protein intake and crude fiber intake differed significantly among treatments. The lowest crude protein intake was observed in chickens fed unfermented Azolla pinnata (P1), while diets containing fermented Azolla pinnata maintained crude protein intake comparable to the control diet. Crude fiber intake increased with higher levels of Azolla pinnata inclusion, particularly in the non-fermented treatment. In conclusion, the inclusion of Azolla pinnata, either unfermented or fermented, did not affect feed intake and FCR of Joper chickens, but significantly influenced body weight gain, crude protein and crude fiber intake. The inclusion of 10% fermented Azolla pinnata provided the most optimal result by maintaining body weigt gain and higher protein intake with a relatively more stable crude fiber approaching the control, thus supporting efficient nutrient utilization and production performance of joper chickens.

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