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INDONESIA
Buletin Farmatera
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 2528410X     EISSN : 2528410X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 244 Documents
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Prevalence and Profile of Patients with Otitis Externa at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital in Medan in 2020-2021 Qatrunnada Medina Salim; Adlin Adnan; Indri Adriztina; Iman Dwi Winanto
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i1.13101

Abstract

Otitis externa is an acute or chronic inflammation of the ear canal which also involves the tympanic membrane and pinna. This disease has a prevalence rate of about 10% of all ENT diseases. Aim. This research aims to determine the prevalence and profile of the disease based on demographic characteristics (age, sex, and occupation), chief complaint, type, location, and comorbidities in patients with otitis externa. Methods. This research is a hospital-based retrospective study of patients diagnosed with otitis externa in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital Medan for the period January 2020 to December 2021. Data were obtained from medical records then processed using the SPSS program and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results. The total number of patients in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital for the 2020-2021 period who met the study inclusion and exclusion criteria was 291 patients. Found 47.4% male and 52.6% female with a ratio of 1:1.1. The peak age group at 26-45 years was 36.8%. In employment status, 23.0% are self-employed and patients who do not work 22.7% are the majority while 0.3% POLRI of and laborers are a minority. The majority 72.5% come with a chief complaint of pain or tenderness in the ear followed by 10% of the ear that felt full. The most common type of otitis externa was acute diffuse as much as 91.8% with the location of the right ear that was most often complained of as much as 44.7%. Otitis externa disease is commonly found in patients who do not have other comorbidities as much as 87.3%. Conclusion. Otitis externa is a common ear disease that affects all age groups and genders. Most of the patients come with complaints of pain in the right ear and were diagnosed with acute diffuse otitis externa.
Association of Intestinal Parasite Infection and Environmental Sanitation Marusaha Selamet Wijaya; Lambok Siahaan; Inke Nadia
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i1.11060

Abstract

Abstract: Intestinal parasitic infection is a problem that is still widely encountered in health-related communities with a fairly high morbidity rate of 411 per 1,000 population in Indonesia and 12.5% in the city of Medan. The cause is due to protozoan infection and to helminthiasis. Transmission of parasitic infections has risk factors that greatly influence, namely personal hygiene, residence, access to health education, family education, shoe wearing habits, hand washing practices, toilet availability, availability of clean water and defecation practices. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between intestinal parasitic infections and environmental sanitation at Helvetia Health Center, Labuan Health Center, Martubung Health Center. Analytical conservation (Chi-Square) with cross-sectional design. At least 100 people met the inclusion criteria. Data from surveys are results obtained over time from survey respondents' responses and information from survey participants' stool samples examined under a microscope using lugol and diethyl ether. From a total of 100 samples, it was found that 8 (8%) people suffered from intestinal parasitic infections with Trichuris trichiura 1 (1%), Hookworm 3 (3%), and Blastocystis 4  (4%). There were 100 (100%) samples that had good sanitation. No significant association was found between intestinal parasitic infection and environmental sanitation in the study sample (p = 0.08). There is no relationship between intestinal parasitic infections and environmental sanitation.
Evaluation Of The Quality Of Packed Red Cell (PRC) In the Blood Donation Unit (BDU) Of The Indonesian Red Cross (IRC) Of Banda Aceh City: Haemolysis Rate As An Indicator Of A Good Quality Control Process Teuku Ilhami Surya Akbar; Wizar Putri Mellaratna; Ratna Sari Dewi; Evanulia Evanulia
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i1.12168

Abstract

Abstract: PRC is the most commonly used component of blood. This blood component comes from whole blood which then goes through a centrifugation process to separate into PRC blood components. In this separation process, it is not uncommon to cause haemolysis, which in the end PRC blood products do not provide a therapeutic effect for recipients. This study will look at the percentage of haemolysis that occurs during separation and whether it is still up to standard. This study aims to determine the risk of haemolysis in the processing of PRC blood products stored for 30 days at BDU of IRC of Banda Aceh City. Research benefits are knowing the risk of haemolysis in the processing of PRC blood products stored for 30 days at BDU IRC Banda Aceh City. This study used the cross-sectional method. The samples in this study amounted to 95 donor blood samples taken from blood bags with a shelf life of 30 days. Techniques sample sampling using a total sampling technique. Samples will be examined quantitatively with a value of the percentage of haemolysis of the blood sample. The samples test will be seen whether haemolysis occurs (0.8%) or not/non-haemolysis (0.8%) automatically using the HemoCue Plasma/Low tool. Of the 95 samples tested, 7.3% (7) of the samples were haemolyzed and 92.8% (88) samples did not have haemolysis. This study showed that the majority of samples did not have haemolysis with a percentage of 92.8% and those with haemolysis were only 7.3%. This shows that the quality of blood services at BDU of IRC of Banda Aceh City is still by Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan (PMK) or regulation of the minister of health standard No. 91 yr. 2015 with the percentage of samples that do not undergo haemolysis above 75%. 
Larvicide Activity and Anti-Mosquito Activity of Several Plants in Indonesia Against Aedes Aegypti: Review Articles Asman Sadino; Doni Anshar Nuari; Devisi Eka Ariyo Masturoji; Riza Apriani
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.12972

Abstract

Abstract: As one of the world's tropical countries with high air humidity, Indonesia is a breeding ground for mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, one of the dengue vectors. The search for alternative treatments using plants continues to date. This article review aims to find out and review scientific information from research that has been carried out related to plant activity as larvicide and anti-mosquito. The method of writing this article review uses literature studies through search engines in the form of Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI. 27 journals were obtained that were included in the inclusion criteria, The inclusion criteria used are national and international journals that discuss larvicide and anti-plant mosquito activities against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, Journals published in the last 10 years (2012-2022), and journals in full-text form. From the results of searches related to plants that have activity as a larvicide and anti-mosquito Aedes aegypti, there are as many as 27 plant species, as many as 16 plant species have activity as a larvicide and 11 plant species have activity as anti-mosquito activity. Some of these plants can be used as natural insecticides that are environmentally friendly and contain secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, saponins and steroids that are effective as substances that kill larvae and repel mosquitoes.
Diabetes Mellitus and Health Services: Access Gap During the COVID-19 Pandemic Pinta Pudiyanti Siregar; Shahrul Rahman; Yulia Afrina Nasution
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.12662

Abstract

Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus is a significant health problem worldwide and its prevalence is increasing yearly. This fact is coupled with the problem of the discovery of a new virus known as SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19. Many questions have been asked, starting from how to treat patients with diabetes and their access to treatment. As a disease with a high risk of complications, integrated diabetes health care is still underdeveloped. For this reason, it is necessary to search to see what gaps exist in the use of telemedicine-based health services so that themes of these discrepancies can be identified. This study uses the method of searching and reviewing 24 kinds of literature. There were gaps in access and health care for racial and ethnic minorities, Obstacles faced in the diagnosis of Diabetes, Obstacles to patients in self-monitoring of blood sugar, Gaps in providing care due to COVID-19, Gaps in access to diabetes drugs, insulin, SGLT2 in Type 2 Diabetes patients, Gaps in access to care for type 2 diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease, use in access to diabetes care, and using telemedicine. It is necessary to develop a healthcare strategy for patients with Diabetes, including the team, then glycaemic and control targets, as well as patient preferences and priorities.
Benefits of Low-Dose Aspirin During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review Cut Mourisa
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.14659

Abstract

Abstract: Low-dose aspirin therapy (LDA) is reported to give good results on the outcome of pregnancy. This systematic review study aims to find out in what cases the role of LDA can be given, the amount of dose and duration of administration and the final results of various studies that have been conducted. Researchers used a systematic literature study with the help of Publish or Perish, Mendeley and Microsoft Excel applications in a literature search from Google Scholar with the keyword low dose aspirin related to pregnancy. Of the 200 articles taken, after conducting a systematic assessment, 21 articles were included in the inclusion criteria that discussed 4 topics, namely pre-eclampsia, current pregnancy loss, healthy pregnancy and inflammatory cases in pregnancy. From the results of the review, it can be concluded that low-dose aspirin can be used and is beneficial in preventing and treating some complications in pregnancy. Its administration can be given before conception until gestational age reaches 36 weeks with a dose range of 50 mg to 150 mg per day.
Endovascular Repair (EVAR) Better Than Open Surgical Repair (OSR) in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Systematic Review M. Iqbal Rifai Fauzi; Karina Asysyifaa Alemina Ramadhani Ginting
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.13156

Abstract

Abstract: Adult mortality from rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is significant. Patients are offered either open surgery surgery (OSR) or endovascular repair (EVAR). EVAR has been a choice for AAA treatment. However, EVAR has more post-procedural complications than OSR. This study examines current evidence contrasting the intricacy of EVAR and OSR as medical procedure choices for stomach aortic aneurysms (AAA). The published research article was searched in PubMed, Science Direct, BMJ, and Google Scholar databases with the keywords AAA, EVAR, OSR, and complication. This systematic review was written based on Prisma guidelines. The inclusion criteria for this study are as follows: research is conducted within the past five years, and the outcome should compare the complication of EVAR and OSR. The result of the selection found 9 articles that were included in the inclusion criteria. A total of 67.114 patients with all types of AAA and all types of ages were included in this study. OSR has a higher mortality rate than EVAR, however, OSR reintervention rate was lower. This study found the EVAR procedure (73%) more popular than OSR (27%). Many studies revealed EVAR had high rates of reinterventions mainly due to endograft-related complications. Our review was also in line with this statement. In conclusion, EVAR is better for AAA treatment, however, EVAR had a high reintervention rate.
The Effect of Used Cooking Oil on Total Blood Cholesterol Levels in Mice (Mus Musculus L) Vera Novalia; Ummi Issayyidah; Khairunnisa Z; Teuku Ilhami Surya Akbar
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.13417

Abstract

Abstract: Waste cooking oil is leftover cooking oil, used for frying. Cooking oil that is constantly heated and used repeatedly (2 times) will accelerate oxidative processes that can cause the formation of fatty acids. This research was conducted to determine the effect of waste cooking oil on the total blood cholesterol levels of mice (Mus Musculus L) with different heating frequencies, namely 4, 8, and 12-time heating. This study used True Experimental or laboratory with the post-test only with a control group design method, a purposive random sampling technique of 28 selected mice divided into 4 groups each consisting of 7 mice. The results of this study found that the total cholesterol level without heating was 176.67 mg/dl, the total cholesterol level with 4-time heating was 119 mg/dl, the total cholesterol level with 8-time heating was 127.67 mg/dl, and the total cholesterol level with 12-time heating of 146.17 mg/dl. The results of this study found that the average total cholesterol level without heating was 176.67 mg/dl, the total cholesterol level with 4 times heating was 119 mg/dl, the total cholesterol level with 8 heating times was 127.67 mg/dl and the cholesterol level total with 12 times heating of 146.17. The results of the study showed a p-value of 0.006 (p 0.05). The conclusion is that there is a significant difference between the control group and the group induced by cooking oil by heating 4 times and heating 8 times, The mean total cholesterol levels in the control group cooking oil without heating and the group induced by cooking oil by heating 12 times exceeds the normal limit.
Metformin Improves Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Systematic Review Aidil Akbar
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.16295

Abstract

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Causes 6-15% of female infertility, of which 80% is characterized by the occurrence of hyperinsulinemia resulting in impaired endometrial function. Metformin therapy in improving insulin sensitivity has been widely reported, but investigations are needed to determine the characteristics of metformin therapy research in PCOS cases with a literature review study approach. In the collection of systematic studies, Publish and Perish, Mendeley and Microsoft Excel applications, using the keyword metformin improves fertility in women with PCOS. From 500 articles collected, 16 articles were included in the inclusion criteria, and it was found that many studies had been conducted in several countries (Iran, India, USA, Italy, Egypt, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia involving 2295 subjects, with a dose range of 500 mg to 2000 mg, with a duration of administration of 14 days to 9 months. In this study, it was concluded that metformin intervention studies both singly and in combination clinically have been conducted in several countries where most studies show that metformin can improve clinical and laboratory improvements in PCOS patients, which can improve the fertility rate of women with PCOS.
Body Composition in Elderly People in Telagah Village Fitriyani Nasution; Meriza Martineta; Dina Keumala Sari; Nenni Dwi Aprianti Lubis; Zaimah Z Tala; Murniati Manik
Buletin Farmatera Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/bf.v8i2.13177

Abstract

Abstract: The elderly population is expected to nearly double in decades. The elderly is associated with increased malnutrition, decreased muscle and bone mass, decreased water volume in the body, and increased body fat mass. This research aims to determine the body composition of the elderly in Telagah Village to improve their degree of health. This study used a cross-sectional design and sampling method using total sampling conducted in conjunction with counselling. The inclusion criteria for research subjects are ≥ 60 years old and willing to participate in research. Researchers directly measured participants to obtain the necessary data in the form of age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, total body fluid percentage, visceral fat, and bone mass. The collected data is presented in the form of frequency and percentage. The total participants in this study were 30 people, the majority of whom were women (80%), age range 60-69 years (76.67%), and had nutritional status in the form of obesity (66.7%). The average height and weight of the participants were 152.85 ± 8.41 cm and 62.75 ± 14.02 kg. From body composition data, the majority of participants had a high percentage of body fat (46.7%), low bone mass (93.3%), normal visceral fat (86.7%), and normohydration (56.7%). The majority of nutritional status in the elderly in the study was obese with body composition that had a high percentage of body fat, low bone mass, normal visceral fat, and normohydration.

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