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Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Indonesia Riau
ISSN : 2302187X     EISSN : 26563614     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia adalah publikasi ilmiah berkala yang terbit dua kali dalam satu tahun (September dan Maret) dan menggunakan sistem peer-riview dalam seleksi makalah. Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia menerima naskah publikasi tentang hasil penelitian, survei dan telaah pustaka yang erat kaitanya dengan bidang kefarmasian dan kesehatan.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 123 Documents
 9   10   11   12   13 
SINTESIS DAN STUDI MOLECULAR DOCKING SENYAWA PIRAZOLO-PIRIDIN TERSUBSTITUSI METOKSI TURUNAN KURKUMIN MONOKARBONIL SEBAGAI INHIBITOR ENZIM SIKLOOKSIGENASE-2 Enda Mora; Adel Zamri; Hilwan Yuda Teruna; Neni Frimayanti; Ihsan Ikhtiarudin; Shafira Melsonia
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 12 No 1 (2023): JPFI
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v12i1.1763

Abstract

Scaffold pirazol maupun piazolo-piridin telah dilaporkan memiliki potensi aktivitas biologis yang menarik dan terdapat pada berbagai struktur senyawa obat yang telah disetujui oleh food and drug administration (FDA). Pada penelitian ini, senyawa pirazolo-piridin tersubstitusi metoksi sebagai turunan dari analog kurkumin monokarbonil telah disintesis melalui dua tahap reaksi. Tahap pertama adalah sintesis analog kurkumin monokarbonil tersubsitusi metoksi melalui reaksi kondensasi Claisen-Schmidt dengan bantuan iradiasi microwave. Tahap kedua adalah sintesis senyawa pirazolo-piridin melalui reaksi adisi nukleofilik yang diikuti oleh reaksi siklisasi intramolekular dalam reaktor tertutup, monowave 50. Kemurnian produk hasil sintesis telah dipastikan melalui analisis HPLC. Struktur senyawa pyrazolo-piridin telah dikonfirmasi melalui analisis spektroskopi UV-Vis, FT-IR, dan 1H-NMR. Berdasarkan studi molecular docking, senyawa tersebut  tidak menunjukkan potensi aktivitas yang baik sebagai inhibitor enzim siklooksigenase-2 (COX-2), karena hanya memiliki nilai energi bebas pengikatan sebesar -5,98 kcal/mol. Selain itu, pirazolo piridin tersubstitusi metoksi juga tidak dapat membentuk satupun ikatan hidrogen dengan sisi aktif COX-2. Di sisi lain, celecoxib sebagai kontrol positif memiliki energi bebas pengikatan sebesar -11,97 kcal/mol dan dapat membentuk ikatan hidrogen dengan residu asam amino Gln178, Leu338, Arg499, dan Phe504 pada sisi aktif COX-2 (PDB ID: 3LN1). Pyrazol and pyrazolopyridine scaffolds have been reported to have many interesting biological activities and present in various structures of drug compounds that have been approved by the food and drug administration (FDA). In this study, a methoxy-substituted pyrazolo-pyridine compound as derivative of monocarbonyl curcumin analogs was synthesized in two steps of reaction. The first step was the synthesis of monocarbonyl curcumin analog through the Claisen-Schmidt condensation with the assist of microwave irradiation. The second step is the synthesis of pyrazolopyridine through nucleophilic addition followed by intramolecular cyclization in a closed-vessel reactor, monowave 50. The purity of synthesized product was confirmed by HPLC analysis, and the structure has been confirmed through UV-Vis, FT-IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopic analyses. Based on the molecular docking study, the pyrazolo-pyridine did not show good activity as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, because it only has a binding free energy of -5.98 kcal/mol. In addition, methoxy-substituted pyrazolo-pyridin also can not form any hydrogen bonds with the active site of COX-2. On the other hand, celecoxib as a positive control has a binding free energy of -11.97 kcal/mol and can form hydrogen bonds with Gln178, Leu338, Arg499, and Phe504 amino acid residues on the active site of COX-2 (PDB ID: 3LN1).
POTENSI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN VARIASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) DARI DAERAH MUARO LABUH DENGAN METODE DPPH Fathnur Sani Kasmadi; Bima Arya Nugraha; M.Rifqi Efendi; Entang Komalasari; Tri Nadia Putri
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14 No 2 (2025): JPFI
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v14i2.1993

Abstract

Antioksidan berfungsi sebagai penstabil dengan cara memberikan elektron yang mampu menghambat reaksi berantai radikal bebas. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa variasi pelarut etanol yang digunakan dan lokasi tumbuh suatu tanaman mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidan dari tanaman tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk identifikasi aktivitas antioksidan dari variasi ekstrak etanol daun kayu manis (25%, 50% dan 100%). Metode yang digunakan untuk pengujian aktivitas antioksidan adalah metode DPPH dengan kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah vitamin C. Hasil menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok. Dimana ekstrak etanol 25% memiliki antivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat (IC50 = 38,24 ± 0,67 ppm), sedangkan ekstrak etanol 50% (IC50 = 123,17 ± 0,83 ppm) dan 100% (IC50 = 136,18 ± 2,51 ppm) dari daun kayu manis memiliki aktivitas sedang. Antioxidants function as stabilizers by providing electrons that can inhibit free radical chain reactions. Previous studies have shown that variations in ethanol solvents used and the location where a plant grows affect the antioxidant activity of the plant. This study aims to identify the antioxidant activity of variations in cinnamon leaf ethanol extract (25%, 50% and 100%). The method used to test antioxidant activity is the DPPH method with the positive control used being vitamin C. The results showed significant differences between groups. Where 25% ethanol extract has very strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 38.24 ± 0.67 ppm), while 50% ethanol extract (IC50 = 123.17 ± 0.83 ppm) and 100% (IC50 = 136.18 ± 2.51 ppm) from cinnamon leaves have moderate activity.
PROFIL PENGGUNAAN ANTIDIABETES ORAL PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI POLI RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT PEKANBARU MEDICAL CENTER (PMC) TAHUN 2024 Husnawati; Adinda Salwa Nabilla
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14 No 2 (2025): JPFI
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v14i2.2098

Abstract

Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang terjadi ketika pankreas tidak menghasilkan cukup insulin atau ketika tubuh secara efektif tidak dapat  menggunakan hasil insulinnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan antidiabetes oral pada pasien DM tipe 2 di poli rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Pekanbaru Medical Center (PMC) tahun 2024. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien DM tipe 2 yang mendapatkan obat oral di poli rawat jalan RS PMC tahun 2024. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dan analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk melihat gambaran penggunaan antidiabetes oral pada pasien DM tipe 2 di poli rawat jalan RS PMC pada tahun 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (66,27%), dengan penggunaan obat oral terbanyak pada rentang usia pra lansia 45-59 tahun sebanyak 56,63%. Antidiabetes yang paling banyak digunakan di Rumah Sakit Pekanbaru Medical Center (PMC) berdasarkan zat aktif dan golongan obat adalah zat aktif glimepiride sebanyak 48,20% dengan golongan sulfonilurea sebanyak 54,68% dan zat aktif metformin sebanyak 34,53% dengan golongan biguanid. Obat generik dan dagang yang paling banyak digunakan adalah generik sebanyak 100%. Terapi tunggal dan kombinasi yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu terapi kombinasi sebanyak 53,01%, dan kombinasi yang banyak digunakan yaitu kombinasi glimepiride dengan metformin sebanyak 68,18%. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use its insulin. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the use of oral antidiabetic drugs in type 2 DM patients in the outpatient clinic of Pekanbaru Medical Center (PMC) Hospital in 2024. The sample of this study was type 2 DM patients who received oral medication in the outpatient clinic of PMC Hospital in 2024. The method used in this study was an observational study with retrospective data collection and descriptive data analysis to see the description of the use of oral antidiabetic drugs in type 2 DM patients in the outpatient clinic of PMC Hospital in 2024. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (66.27%), with the use of oral medication in the pre-elderly age range of 45-59 years as much as 56.63%. The most widely used antidiabetic drugs at Pekanbaru Medical Center (PMC) Hospital based on active ingredients and drug class are glimepiride (48.20%), sulfonylurea (54.68%), and metformin (34.53%), biguanide (34.53%). Generic and trade names are the most widely used drugs, accounting for 100%. The most commonly used single and combination therapies are combination therapy (53.01%), and the most commonly used combination is glimepiride and metformin (68.18%).
SYNTHESIS AND α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY EVALUATION OF N-BENZENESULFONYL PYRIDAZINONE Noval Herfindo; Fadila Aisyah
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14 No 2 (2025): JPFI
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v14i2.2172

Abstract

Turunan piridazinon diketahui memiliki berbagai aktivitas biologis, termasuk potensi sebagai antidiabetik melalui penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase. Pada penelitian ini, turunan N-benzensulfonil piridazinon, yaitu 6-(3-bromofenil)-2-(fenilsulfonil)piridazin-3(2H)-on (7), telah disintesis dan dikonfirmasi strukturnya menggunakan analisis FTIR, ¹H-NMR, dan HRMS. Studi molecular docking dilakukan menggunakan struktur α-glukosidase lisosomal manusia (PDB ID: 5NN5) untuk memprediksi afinitas ikatan dan interaksi kunci pada sisi aktif enzim. Hasil docking menunjukkan bahwa senyawa 7 memiliki binding score (S) sebesar –10,96, lebih tinggi dibandingkan akarbosa (S = –18,24), serta menghasilkan interaksi ikatan hidrogen yang lebih sedikit. Uji penghambatan α-glukosidase secara in vitro menggunakan enzim α-glukosidase Saccharomyces cerevisiae menunjukkan aktivitas yang lemah, di mana senyawa 7 hanya menghambat enzim sebesar 2,5% pada konsentrasi 50 μM, dibandingkan 47,8% oleh akarbosa. Meskipun sesuai prediksi docking, kelarutan senyawa 7 yang sangat rendah diduga berkontribusi terhadap perbedaan signifikan aktivitas biologis tersebut. Dengan demikian, kerangka piridazinon tetap menjadi struktur yang menjanjikan untuk dimodifikasi lebih lanjut guna meningkatkan potensi dan khususnya kelarutan senyawanya. Pyridazinone derivatives are known for a wide range of biological activities, including potential antidiabetic properties through α-glucosidase inhibition. In this study, the N-benzenesulfonyl pyridazinone derivative, 6-(3-bromophenyl)-2-(phenylsulfonyl)pyridazin-3(2H)-one (7) was synthesized and confirmed its structure by using FTIR, 1H-NMR, and HRMS analyses. Molecular docking was performed using the human lysosomal α-glucosidase structure (PDB ID: 5NN5) to predict its binding affinity and key interactions within the active site. Docking results showed that compound 7 exhibited a binding score (S) of –10.96, lower than that of acarbose (S = –18.24), and formed fewer hydrogen-bond interactions. The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory assay using Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase demonstrated weak activity, where compound 7 inhibited the enzyme by only 2.5% at 50 μM, compared to 47.8% inhibition by acarbose. Although the result as predicted, the poor solubility of compound 7 may have contributed to significant difference of their biological activity. Therefore, the pyridazinone scaffold remains a promising structural framework for further modification to enhance potency and specifically its solubility.
EVALUASI KETEPATAN PENGOBATAN DISPEPSIA DI PUSKESMAS WILAYAH PESISIR KALIMANTAN TIMUR Erfan Abdissalam; Aliah Ambarwati; Rizki Nur Azmi
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia (JPFI)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v15i1.2106

Abstract

Dyspepsia is a prevalent digestive disorder marked by symptoms such as epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness after meals. Inadequate treatment can diminish the effectiveness of care and increase the likelihood of side effects. Consequently, assessing the appropriateness of dyspepsia treatment is essential to ensure the implementation of rational and effective therapy practices. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of dyspepsia treatment based on five key parameters of treatment rationality: appropriate indication, medication, dosage, administration route, and timing of drug administration at the Muara Jawa Health Center in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. A descriptive observational approach utilizing a retrospective method was employed for this research. Data were extracted from the medical records of outpatients diagnosed with dyspepsia during the period from July to December 2024. A total of 200 samples were collected using purposive sampling techniques. The evaluation of treatments was conducted in accordance with the guidelines from the National Formulary, the Muara Jawa Health Center Formulary, and the National Consensus on Dyspepsia Management established by the Indonesian Gastroenterology Association (PGI). The results of the study indicated that the pharmaceutical treatments administered to dyspepsia patients at the Muara Jawa Health Center included PPI, H2RA, antacids, prokinetics, and sucralfate. Furthermore, the management of dyspepsia at this facility was deemed appropriate based on accuracy indicators, which encompassed correct indication, correct medication, correct dosage, correct administration route, and correct timing. To enhance the rational use of medications in accordance with national guidelines, regular monitoring and education for medical personnel are essential.
UJI STABILITAS FISIKA KIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN TONER EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA CALIFORNIA (Carica papaya L.) Ratih Purwanti; Suwantiningsih; Hanita Christiandari
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia (JPFI)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v15i1.2170

Abstract

Toner merupakan sediaan kosmetik untuk membersihkan wajah dan mencegah munculnya jerawat. Jerawat adalah kondisi kulit yang umum dialami oleh setiap orang baik pada usia remaja maupun dewasa. Munculnya jerawat pada wajah umumnya sangat mengganggu. Salah satunya penyebab munculnya jerawat pada wajah adalah karena infeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Biji papaya (Carica papaya L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, dan tanin yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Namun, penggunaan biji pepaya dalam sediaan kosmetik, seperti toner, masih memerlukan kajian terutama stabilitas fisika kimianya dan efektivitas antibakterinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas fisika kimia Toner anti jerawat ekstrak biji pepaya California (Carica papaya L.) meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, dan uji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Ekstraksi biji papaya California dilakukan dengan metode maserasi. Formulasi Toner ekstrak biji pepaya California (Carica papaya L.) dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi 1%, 2%, dan 3%. Toner diuji stabilitasny selama 15 hari masa penyimpanan dan diuji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan metode difusi cakram. Hasil uji organoleptis dan homogenitas pada semua formulasi menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan selama penyimpanan.  Hasil uji pH selama 15 hari  pada  F1 sebesar 5,59±0,25, pada F2 sebesar 5,50±0,26 dan  F3 sebesar 5,23±0,17. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri hari ke-0 pada F0 sebesar 0 mm, F1 sebesar 1,42 mm, F2 sebesar 1,31 mm, dan F3 sebesar 3,64 mm sedangkan hasil uji ke-2 pada pada hari ke-15 F0 sebesar  0 mm, F1 sebesar 1,03 mm, F2 sebesar 3,10 mm dan F3 0,51 mm. Semua formulasi memiliki stabilitas fisika kimia yang baik dengan nilai pH yang memenuhi syarat sediaan. Aktivitas antibakteri ditunjukkan oleh semua formulasi namun dengan kategori sangat lemah.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN GELINGGANG TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium Fildayanti Fildayanti; Herlina Ekapratama; Rika Melati
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia (JPFI)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v15i1.2206

Abstract

Gelinggang leaves (Senna alata (L.) Roxb.) have traditionally been used to treat skin diseases such as itching, ringworm, scabies, tinea versicolor, and acne. One of the main bacteria involved in acne pathogenesis is Propionibacterium acnes. Previous studies reported strong antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of gelinggang leaves; however, comparative data between ethanol extract and its fractions remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the 96% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of gelinggang leaves against Propionibacterium acnes. This experimental laboratory research used the disk diffusion method at concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15%. Clindamycin 1% served as a positive control, while DMSO was used as a negative control. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify secondary metabolites. Results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, whereas the n-hexane fraction contained only tannins. The highest antibacterial activity was found in the ethyl acetate fraction with an inhibition zone of 6.65±0.69 mm, followed by the ethanol extract (5.87±0.31 mm) and the n-hexane fraction (3.69±0.47 mm) at 15% concentration. Based on inhibition classification, the ethyl acetate fraction showed moderate antibacterial activity. These findings indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction has potential as a natural antibacterial agent against Propionibacterium acnes due to its ability to extract semi-polar active compounds
FORMULASI CLAY MASK STICK DARI MINYAK BIJI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) SEBAGAI ANTI AGING Amraini Amelia; Jumarni; Chindiana Khutami; Helman Kurniadi
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia (JPFI)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v15i1.2228

Abstract

Masalah penuaan dini akibat paparan sinar UV dan radikal bebas mendorong pengembangan produk perawatan kulit yang efektif dan aman dari bahan alami. Salah satunya adalah minyak biji wortel (Daucus carota L.) yang kaya vitamin A, E, beta-karoten, serta asam lemak esensial yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan, menjaga kelembapan, elastisitas, dan kesehatan kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan Clay Mask Stick berbahan dasar minyak biji wortel dan mengevaluasi sifat fisik, stabilitas, iritasi, serta efektivitasnya sebagai anti-aging. Metode penelitian meliputi pembuatan empat formula (F0-F3) dengan variasi konsentrasi minyak biji wortel (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%). Evaluasi dilakukan melalui uji organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, waktu kering, daya potong, uji stabilitas (cycling test), uji iritasi, serta uji efektivitas peningkatan kelembapan, kadar minyak, dan kelembutan kulit menggunakan skin analyzer pada sukarelawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh formula stabil secara fisik, memiliki pH sesuai rentang aman (4,5–6,5), homogen, tidak menimbulkan iritasi, dan memiliki waktu kering serta daya sebar yang sesuai. Formula dengan konsentrasi 6% minyak biji wortel (F2) menunjukkan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan kelembapan, kadar minyak alami, dan kelembutan kulit secara signifikan. Dengan demikian, Clay Mask Stick minyak biji wortel berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai produk anti-aging praktis dan aman, mendukung pemanfaatan komoditas lokal dalam industri kosmetik
POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK AKAR METANOLIK UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB.: BUKTI DARI UJI PENANGKAPAN RADIKAL DPPH Silvy Arundita; Rahmayati Rusnedy
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia (JPFI)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51887/jpfi.v15i1.2239

Abstract

The root of Uncaria gambir Roxb. remains relatively underutilized despite its potential as a source of phenolic compounds with significant biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the methanolic root extract of U. gambir using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Dried roots were extracted by maceration with 70% methanol, yielding 10.64% extract. Antioxidant activity was assessed at five concentration levels (6.25, 3.125, 1.562, 0.781, and 0.39 µg/mL). The extract exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in DPPH radical scavenging activity, demonstrating a strong linear correlation between concentration and percentage inhibition. The IC₅₀ value of the extract was determined to be 12.55 ± 0.01 µg/mL. For comparison, gallic acid as a positive control showed a lower IC₅₀ value of 3.06 ± 0.05 µg/mL, indicating stronger antioxidant activity as expected for a pure phenolic compound. Levene’s test indicated homogeneity of variances (p > 0.05). An independent samples t-test showed a significant difference in IC₅₀ values between the extract and gallic acid groups (p < 0.05). Although the extract displayed lower potency than gallic acid, its activity can be classified as strong. These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the potential of U. gambir roots as a natural antioxidant source and warrant further phytochemical investigations to identify the bioactive constituents responsible for the observed activity.
ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT JAMUR ENDOFIT DAUN KENIKIR (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) Melzi Octaviani; Kolista Sisilawati; Elsa Safitri; Haiyul Fadhli; Emma Susanti; Armon Fernando
Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia (JPFI)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) is a plant used by the community as a traditional medicine and has antibacterial activity. Kenikir leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics and saponins. This plant has endophytic fungi that can produce the same bioactive compounds as its host. This study aims to isolate endophytic fungi from kenikir leaves, identify and test the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolates from kenikir leaves against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi) bacteria. Endophytic fungi were isolated from kenikir leaves, then purified to obtain a pure culture of endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungal isolates were then identified macroscopically and microscopically. Fermentation was carried out on endophytic fungal isolates to obtain supernatants, then tested for antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. The results of endophytic fungal isolation obtained 4 isolates, namely FECC-D1 (Alternaria sp.), FECC-D2 (Lichtheimia sp.), FECC-D3 (Canidiobolus sp.), FECC-D4 (Aspergillus sp.). The results of the antibacterial activity test of the supernatants of the four endophytic fungal isolates showed antibacterial activity. The results of data analysis using the One Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the diameter of the inhibition zone between the positive control and the supernatants of the endophytic fungal isolates. The supernatants of the 4 endophytic fungal isolates of kenikir leaves have activity in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

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