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INDONESIA
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
ISSN : 25990675     EISSN : 25990683     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 130 Documents
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Securitisation of Ukrainian Critical Infrastructures: The Case of the Failure of SCADA System in Protecting the Power Grids Dini Putri Saraswati; Nurfarah Nidatya; Muhammad Kamil Ghiffary Abdurrahman
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik UPN"Veteran"Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v5i2.4878

Abstract

Critical infrastructures are the important element to support the social cohesion in a certain area. Therefore, it is necessary to protect critical infrastructures in order to maintain the sustainability of the assets. There are many attempts of states to control the security of their critical infrastructures, one of them is using Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, a control system in which to monitor and retrieve data under the supervision of an operator. However, although countries are aware of the preventive action over their critical infrastructures, it is still possible to fail. In this case, Ukraine which has a relatively secure control system was failed in protecting its power grids from multiple hacker attacks which contributed to blackouts in December 2015. The devastating failure of Ukraine’s security system has led public opinion to point a finger to Russia since the relationship of both countries is at stake. In this sense, Ukraine issued a speech act to securitise its critical infrastructures. By exercising securitisation theory, this article would discuss further about the fruitfulness of the speech act after the failure of the security system in protecting Ukraine’s power grids. 
Indonesia - Russia Bilateral Relations: Efforts To Enhance Digital Economy And Tourism Investment Cooperation Hendra Manurung; Henky H. P Manurung; Arry Bainus; Rusadi Kantaprawira; Teuku Rezasyah
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik UPN"Veteran"Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v5i2.4947

Abstract

Indonesia and Russia's bilateral relations still need to be improved and strengthened in all sectors. Both countries agreed in Jakarta in 2021 to enhance and strengthen bilateral cooperation in politics, law, and security. The commitment to further cooperation made by the two major countries in the Asia Pacific aimed at creating peace and maintaining regional and global security stability. This study aims to elaborate how Indonesia's bilateral relations with Russia enhanced are related to the efforts of both generating digital economic cooperation and attracting foreign investment in Indonesia's leading tourist destinations. This study utilizes the concept of dynamic bilateral relations and the implementation of foreign economic policies. The researchers use qualitative research methods with explanatory writing techniques analyzing the data and information obtained. The liberal approach to mutually beneficial international cooperation is further elaborated and analyzed, particularly in understanding how each country's strategic decisions have an impact on sustaining regional economic growth. The digital economy cooperation built by the two countries still needs to be strengthened to attract more incoming Russian investors in the tourism industry. This research reveals that international cooperation has been carried out by the Indonesian government and stakeholders related to tourism management destinations is done through bilateral cooperation, regional cooperation, and multilateral cooperation. It still needs clear strategies that should be implemented tactically as a strategic effort by the Indonesian government and related stakeholders to sharpen the construction of the national digital economy in the sustainable, inclusive, and quality tourism sector in driving and supporting national economic growth.
China Digital Silk Road And Indonesia Digital Transformation Muhammad Abdurrohim; Radita Gora Tayibnapis
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik UPN"Veteran"Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v5i2.5047

Abstract

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the signature project of the Xi Jinping regime, has established a wide range of lofty goals that would usher in a new chapter of China's integration into the global market system and expand Chinese influence. Notably, China's now-powerful digital companies and cyberspace power actively sought a significant position in this massive statist effort under the policy banner of establishing a Digital Silk Road. Under this project, Beijing has multiple policy mechanisms to spread its digital power. Indonesia's enormous digital economy potential has become a significant target of this project. Using the qualitative method and analyzing two-level games by Robert D Putnam, this research will explain the relationship of Indonesian domestic actors concerning China's digital silk road. This research argues that the digital silk road in Indonesia has made more progress than other BRI projects because the DSR has integrated with the government, private sectors, and parliament's need for digital transformation. When the approval rating of domestic stakeholders is high, the success of the cooperation will be high too.
Indonesia's Role in Digital Diplomacy Through the Regional Conference on Digital Diplomacy (RCDD) Pipit Listyowati, Christy Damayanti, Untari Narulita Madyar Dewi
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik UPN"Veteran"Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v5i2.5554

Abstract

Developed countries and developing countries have now implemented digital diplomacy for the benefit of their foreign policy. Digital diplomacy is very important considering the massive development of technology. Indonesia as a developing country initiated the holding of the Regional Conference on Digital Diplomacy forum for 16 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Where it is located regionally or regionally adjacent and has similar interests. In this study, researchers focused more on Indonesia's digital diplomacy through the Regional Conference on Digital Diplomacy. The author's analysis uses qualitative research methods by prioritizing literature studies or library research and is aligned with the theory of digital diplomacy and the theory of regionalism. The results of this study indicate that 1) Digital diplomacy is carried out by Indonesia to follow world digital technology; 2) Regional Conference on Digital Diplomacy is an effort made by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in building national forces through digital diplomacy meetings and the Asia Pacific region is a top priority in Indonesian regionalism politics; 3) Indonesian Digital Diplomacy through the Regional Conference on Digital Diplomacy is held as a follow-up to the International Seminar and International Conference on Digital Diplomacy. So that RCDD is in accordance with the objectives in the use of digital technology and increasing the contribution of Indonesia's foreign policy in the Asia-Pacific region.
Re-Strategizing NATO’s Roles as Transatlantic Security Alliance in Europe Post Russia-Ukraine Conflict Lalu Ladeva Alfusa'idu Karman
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 1 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The condition of Europe’s geopolitical stability has been hit hard since the early 2022. The war between Russia and Ukraine has prevail and proven to disrupt the capacity and capability of intra-regional bodies within Europe. As the fight is still going on and war has not declared to be over there are obstacles to analyze what will the region be after the conflict is ended especially on how will the Russia repowered themselves and the action taken by EU and NATO to respond to such threat. This research will attempt to scrutinize and underpin NATO’s important job and roles as the guardian in Europe amidst the current geopolitical instability within the region including its alliance with European Union. The perspectives from Balance of Threat and Security Alliance Theory, is the tools to analyze what lies ahead in the importance of NATO for the region. This research uses the data analysis methods and collecting data using secondary data from multiple sources such as journals, government websites, articles, and books. Further, this research limits the scope into the relationship between NATO and European Union and will perceive the future of what the region might looks like after the conflict ends. Keywords: NATO, European Union, Security Alliance, Russia-Ukraine
INDONESIA AND SOUTH KOREA'S HEALTH DIPLOMACY IN HANDLING COVID-19 CASES: CONSTRUCTIVIST PERSPECTIVE Stivani Ismawira Sinambela; Neni Gusti Endang Farasi
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 1 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i1.6798

Abstract

Diplomasi kesehatan telah menjadi topik penting dalam menghadapi tantangan global seperti pandemi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya diplomasi kesehatan Indonesia melalui kerja sama bilateral dengan Korea Selatan dalam konteks pandemi, dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivis sebagai kerangka analisis. Konstruktivisme menekankan peran norma, identitas, dan pandangan bersama dalam membentuk dinamika hubungan internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, menggali data dari berbagai sumber seperti dokumen resmi, laporan berita, buku, jurnal, website dan dokumen pendukung lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diplomasi kesehatan Indonesia-Korea Selatan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 tercermin dalam kerja sama intensif yang mencakup pertukaran informasi, bantuan medis, dan kolaborasi penelitian. Pandemi ini telah meningkatkan kebutuhan akan koordinasi global, dan dalam konteks ini, konstruktivisme membantu memahami bagaimana norma-norma baru mengenai kerja sama kesehatan global sedang berkembang. Dari perspektif konstruktivis, diplomasi kesehatan Indonesia-Korea Selatan menunjukkan interaksi yang kompleks antara norma dan identitas. Keduanya sama-sama mengkampanyekan prinsip kerja sama, solidaritas, dan keterbukaan yang muncul sebagai respons terhadap tekanan pandemi. Diplomasi kesehatan juga membentuk identitas mereka sebagai mitra yang dapat diandalkan dalam menghadapi krisis kesehatan. Norma dan identitas ini terus berubah dan berinteraksi melalui proses sosial, dan konstruktivisme membantu melacak dinamika ini. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa diplomasi kesehatan Indonesia-Korea Selatan pada masa pandemi merupakan fenomena yang kompleks dan kaya akan makna. Pendekatan konstruktivis membantu menganalisis bagaimana norma, identitas, dan interaksi sosial membentuk hubungan diplomatik dalam konteks krisis kesehatan global. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang bagaimana negara-negara dapat membangun kerja sama kesehatan melalui upaya diplomasi yang konstruktif, serta menghadapi tantangan yang muncul dengan cara yang produktif.
Exploring Nishida Kitaro's Thought and His Contribution to the Development of a Japanese Perspective on International Relations: Exploring Nishida Kitaro's Thought and His Contribution to the Development of a Japanese Perspective on International Relations Ardianto, Fetra; Andini, Hani Mandira
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 2 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.6927

Abstract

This article explains the development of the International Relations (IR) perspective in Japan through the contribution of Nishida Kitaro, a leading philosopher from the Kyoto school. Nishida Kitaro is a Japanese philosopher who created unique concepts that combine elements of Japanese culture and spirituality with Western thought. In the context of IR, Nishida's concepts such as “pure experience”, “bashō logic”, and “self-contradictory identity” offer alternative views in understanding global issues and the dynamics of inter-state relations. This research uses document and internet-based analysis methods, with qualitative data to explore Nishida's thinking and his contribution to IR studies. Research findings show that the concept of "pure experience" teaches about pure experience that is integrated with reality, presenting an inclusive perspective in analyzing global issues. Meanwhile, "the logic of basho" which emphasizes the interconnectedness of all things through the place where they appear, influences a collaborative approach to handling global issues. The thought of "self-contradictory identity" opens up insight into the complexity of reality and avoids simplistic views in analyzing actor actions in international relations. Overall, Nishida Kitaro's thinking provides a unique perspective that differs from Western IR, opening up opportunities for understanding and addressing complex challenges in interstate relations. His contribution to building a uniquely Japanese IR perspective has the potential to provide an interesting alternative to understanding the dynamics of international relations.
The Effect of The Development of Korean Drama on Indonesia Used As Cultural Diplomacy in 2019-2021 Febriana, Hanindya Ratih; Lubis, Flori Mardiani; Gustianti, Nurbani Adine
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 2 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.7264

Abstract

The spread of South Korean culture in Indonesia looks quite significant because it attracts many Indonesian people and makes them fans of the reach of Korean culture. This phenomenon did not occur by chance but was managed well by the South Korean government to use this time as diplomacy through its culture with the target country, namely Indonesia. Koreanization in screen culture in the form of cinema, television, internet, and social media has succeeded in bringing Korean popular culture into Indonesia and getting a positive response from the Indonesian people. With the development of the mass media industry, especially television, this research's background. In this regard, the South Korean government used this opportunity to introduce its country through the mass media and improve its image in other countries. As we also know that nowadays, women are more interested in Korean TV dramas than men. Therefore, with the development of the theme of Korean dramas, Indonesian people are increasingly interested in watching new dramas, making the South Korean government take advantage of this to develop South Korean culture and practice. Keywords; cultural diplomacy, k-drama, Korean popular culture, South Korea, Indonesia
Libya-Europe Human Trafficking and Its Implications for Global Security Jasmine, Dinda; Maharani, Reisha; Putri, Adinda Rahma; Maulana, Amelia Reva; Saraswati, Dini Putri
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 2 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.7512

Abstract

Human trafficking, a pervasive global issue, deprives millions of people of their rights and dignity. Technological advancements complicate the problem, enabling sophisticated subterfuges employed by international criminal groups for lucrative gains. This study focuses on rampant human trafficking cases in Libya, a transit point for migrants seeking a better life in Europe. Unfortunately, the difficult access to Europe traps migrants in Libya, exposing them to dangers such as torture, rape, infectious diseases, and human trafficking. The research aims to explore how trade between Libya and Europe impacts global security. Findings indicate that human trafficking in this region poses a significant threat, potentially triggering conflicts, international security instability, and widespread insecurity. Effective prevention requires inter-regional cooperation and the formation of organizations.
Revolutions in Military Affairs (RMA) Policy in Countering the Threat of Terrorism and Cyber Crime in Singapore Indrawan, Jerry; Zahira, Azila
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.7543

Abstract

As a country located in the Southeast Asia Region with a very small area flanked by several major regional powers, Singapore is vulnerable to symmetrical and asymmetrical threats. If Singapore does not develop its military capabilities, there will be more threats to its people. Many asymmetrical threats experienced by Singapore are cyber attacks, both terrorism and cyber crime. This is because Singapore is a developed country with a growing economy, and has advanced information and technology infrastructure, which makes it digitally vulnerable. In addition, Singapore has good relations with Western countries that make it an easy target for acts of terrorism, especially in Southeast Asia, which is known for its massive affiliation with global terror groups. The author uses a descriptive qualitative method by searching for data through books, journals, online literature, and other supporting data. The purpose of writing this research is to find out how Singapore's RMA policy deals with the threat of terrorism and cybercrime

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