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INDONESIA
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
ISSN : 25990675     EISSN : 25990683     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 130 Documents
 9   10   11   12   13 
China – Mauritius FTA in 2019: a Perspective From Economic Motives: A PERSPECTIVE FROM ECONOMIC MOTIVES Wahyutomo, Naomi Theodora
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.7745

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article aims to explore China’s economic motives in China – Mauritius FTA which was signed in 2019 and implemented in 2021. This article tries to answer the research question which is why did China make an FTA with Mauritius despite of insignificant trade between both countries. This article uses Mireya Solís’ and Saori N. Katada’s Cross-Regionalism theory, specifically economic motives that consist of two indicators which are open a new market and/or expand market and avoid trade diversion, to answer the research question. This research uses qualitative method and literature study. The result shows that China’s economic motives in China – Mauritius FTA are to expand market to Africa through Mauritius and to avoid trade diversion from China to other countries such as India as one of a biggest trade partner of Mauritius. Moreover, this article also links the economic motives to China’s ambition as a global economic power through its big project named Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Keywords: China, Cross-Regionalism, FTA, Mauritius, Trade    
Policy Analysis of Indonesia's Sea Sand Export Reopening 2023 Nur Al-Husin, Rachmasari
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.7844

Abstract

Abstract This research aims to analyze why Indonesia reopened the export of sea sand after being banned for 20 years. That in 2002, there was a policy banning the export of Indonesian sea sand because many were sent to Singapore and were detrimental. Then in 2007, another policy affirmation was issued to ban the export of sea sand. Until then in 2023, Indonesia reopened the export of sea sand. This research uses qualitative methods, through primary and secondary data sources. This research uses the concept of Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies by Michael J. Hiscox, related to what domestic sources influence foreign economic policies issued. Based on the results of the study, it can be found that the reason Indonesia issued a policy of reopening sea sand exports was based on preferences and institutions influence. Where preferences consist of trade, immigration, foreign investment, and exchange rates. While institutions consist of elections and representation, legislature and policy making, and bureaucratic agencies. Keywords: Indonesia, Singapore, Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengapa Indonesia membuka kembali ekspor pasir laut setelah dilarang selama 20 tahun. Bahwa di tahun 2002, terdapat kebijakan pelarangan ekspor pasir laut Indonesia karena banyak dikirim ke Singapura dan merugikan. Kemudian di tahun 2007, dikeluarkan lagi penegasan kebijakan pelarangan ekspor pasir laut. Hingga kemudian di tahun 2023, Indonesia membuka kembali ekspor pasir laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, melalui sumber data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies oleh Michael J. Hiscox, terkait sumber domestik apa saja yang mempengaruhi kebijakan ekonomi luar negeri dikeluarkan. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian, dapat ditemukan bahwa alasan Indonesia mengeluarkan kebijakan pembukaan kembali ekspor pasir laut dilandasi oleh adanya preferensi dan pengaruh institusi. Dimana preferensi terdiri dari perdagangan, imigrasi, investasi asing, dan nilai tukar. Sedangkan preferensi terdiri dari pemilihan umum dan representasi, legislatif dan pembuatan kebijakan, serta lembaga birokrasi. Kata kunci: Indonesia, Singapura, Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies
Navigating the Discord: Assessing Civil-Military Relations Theory in Public Transparency Debate Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil; Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.7934

Abstract

Indonesia's government has faced significant criticism for its lack of transparency regarding defense and military expenditures. In early 2024, this issue garnered peak public attention when Prabowo Subianto, a key figure in Indonesia's military activities, defended the non-transparent approach as vital for securing regional strategic interests. This stance conflicts with the principles of liberal democracy, which prioritize public needs and aspirations. After reviewing existing literature, this paper finds that the Civil-Military Relations (CMR) theory has not yet been applied to assess the issue of military transparency at a domestic level. This study examines whether CMR theory can serve as an analytical framework for the discord between public demands for transparency towards military organizations. The findings suggest that while CMR theory is relevant to the relationship between civil and military and its justification for public demands for military transparency, the normative framework itself is inconsistent. Resonating with the existing literature, this paper also finds that this CMR is yet to be integrated with the corridor of political science and, thus best studied for practical and strategic needs; hence explains the requirement to assess more contextual and nuanced variables.
The Niche Model of Defense Industry Analysis: Seeking The Suffiency of Indonesia’s Needs Main Equipment and Weaponery System (Alutsista) Saputra, Rizki Marman; Somantri, Gumilar Rusliwa; Subroto, Athor; Marsetio
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.8038

Abstract

The niche industry model in Indonesia's defense industry refers to the development and specialization strategies adopted by defense companies in the country. In response to global dynamics and national defense needs, this model emphasizes focusing on specific market segments or technologies to achieve competitive advantages. This study explains how the niche industry model can enhance the competitiveness of Indonesia's defense industry through specialization in the development, production, and marketing of products or services tailored to specific defense needs. The analysis of this niche industry model involves evaluating various aspects, including technological sustainability, price competitiveness, security, and the ability to meet specific military needs. In the context of Indonesia, where the defense budget is limited, this model creates opportunities for local companies to focus on specific areas such as non-traditional weapon systems, intelligence technology, or cyber security equipment. The success of the niche industry model in Indonesia's defense industry is also closely related to collaborative efforts between the government, industry, and research institutions. This synergy facilitates the exchange of information, resources, and policy support necessary to foster technological development and innovation within this framework. While the niche industry model offers potential competitive advantages, challenges such as developing high-quality human resources, policy changes, and risk management need to be addressed. This study provides an in-depth view of the niche industry model in the context of Indonesia's defense industry, highlighting the opportunities and challenges faced and providing recommendations to support the sustainability and growth of this sector.
The Mexico-Belgium Drug Trafficking on the Rise of Criminal: Belgium as the New Drug Capital of Europe Verodova, Ave; Apriani, Devi; Annindya, Jasmine; Aulia, Sabina; Satria, Randhi
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 2 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.8132

Abstract

Belgium has recently come under international spotlight due to its reputation for drug trafficking across Europe. One of Belgium's ports, Antwerp, is home to the largest cocaine drug trafficking operation organized by drug-gang working with suppliers from other parts of Europe. In 2022, drug shipments through the Port of Antwerp recorded 110 tons of cocaine. The drug products were distributed and smuggled from Mexico. This kind of transnational organized crime harms the countries that it is aimed to distribute. Public security in Belgium is at risk due to crimes involving cartels and the distribution of illegal goods from many countries. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze the question of how drug trafficking in Belgium affects the crime activity of Belgium societies, especially in the 2021-2022 period. This research is a qualitative study that uses descriptive methods by taking secondary data sources using library research techniques such as from journal, news, government websites, and other credible sources. The study finds that drug trafficking from Mexico has affected the rise of crime in Belgium, such as bribery of officials and corruption in port customs officials, death threats and terror to those who do not want to cooperate, killing of innocent people as a result of street shootings and house burnings, and even there are threats against high officials such as the Belgian prime minister and minister of justice at a higher level. This paper will contribute to the drug trafficking pool of study and crime related drugs in Europe, especially Belgium.
Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Brunei: Mengapa Bekerja di Brunei? 2021-2023 Maliki, Musa; Prihatiningsih, Witanti; Nurul Hikmah, Reva
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.8164

Abstract

International migration is never ending issue in the era of globalization. International migration is significance discussed because it creates problems in the world. The focus of this research is to examine case study of Brunei as the destination of Indonesian migrant workers to acquire well-living and other purposes. By using phenomenological approach, this research argues that Indonesian migrant workers who seek for job opportunity in Brunei is not solely motivated by economic wellbeing, but others reasons such as escaping problems, gaining life experience, and creating distinguished image of working overseas. By applying qualitative method as such deep interview and phenomenological experience living in Brunei Darussalam for 2.5 years, as the result, this research found that the reasons Indonesian migrant workers go to Brunei Darussalam is very much complex, therefore cannot be reduced in the variable independent of economic purpose. It can be concluded that this research believes that the proses of international migration is more complex then seeking economic wellbeing. In short, Indonesian migrant workers cannot be conceptualized as the movement of international labors for achieving economic goals because Indonesian migrant workers are being a human as a whole and complex, not an atomistic entity as part of mode of production.
The Role of Social Media in the 2024 Indonesian Election Campaign: Regulatory Challenges and Global Political Influence Zayyin Abdul; Zahirah, Zalfa
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 6 No 2 (2023): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.8299

Abstract

Social media has become a significantly influential platform in the modern political process in many countries, including Indonesia. As Indonesia approaches the 2024 General Election (Pemilu), the role and impact of social media in political campaigns are increasingly under scrutiny. Despite the advantages social media offers in influencing public opinion and political participation, challenges such as the spread of hoaxes and hate speech also emerge. Recent studies have explored the perceptions of voters, particularly the younger generation, regarding social media in the political context. Therefore, the aim of this research is to provide in-depth insights into the role of social media in Indonesian politics, formulate policy recommendations to enhance democratic integrity, and explore the impact of social media in the 2024 General Election. It is hoped that this study will contribute significantly to understanding the modern political dynamics and the role of social media in the digital era.
RELEVANSI FEMINISME DALAM ISU KONTEMPORER: KEHADIRAN UN WOMEN DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN MANUSIA DI AFGHANISTAN Zhafir, Ali Zhafir Talmullah; Nurmasari Situmeang; Asep Kamaluddin Nasir
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.8859

Abstract

Abstract Feminism is still an important issue in international relations. Especially in the field of non-traditional security. The issue of women's role in life is still being fought today. These include discrimination against women and criminal issues such as human trafficking and exploitation of women. Another issue that needs special attention is the limited involvement of women in building the country. One country that is still of particular concern to the role of women is Afghanistan. For some countries, Afghanistan has rules that do not support the roles of women so that the struggle for the development of human resources, especially women in Afghanistan, is still ongoing. UN Women is present in the country to empower women and humans in Afghanistan to encourage the role of women in building their nation. The framework of this paper uses feminism to describe the phenomenon that occurred in the country and see its relevance to current issues. In fact, there are still many things that threaten human life, especially women, which should be the focus for UN Women to solve these problems. Keywords: Feminism, Non-Traditional Security, UN Women Abstrak Feminisme masih menjadi isu penting dalam hubungan internasional. Terutama di bidang keamanan non-tradisional. Permasalahan peran perempuan dalam berkehidupan masih diperjuangkan hingga kini. Masalah itu mencakup diskriminasi terhadap kaum perempuan dan masalah kriminal seperti perdagangan manusia serta eksploitasi perempuan. Masalah lain yang perlu menjadi perhatian khusus yaitu keterbatasan keterlibatan perempuan dalam membangun negara. Salah satu negara yang masih menjadi perhatian khusus terhadap peran perempuan yaitu Afghanistan. Bagi beberapa negara, Afghanistan memiliki aturan yang kurang mendukung peran-peran perempuan sehingga perjuangan untuk perkembangan sumber daya manusia khususnya perempuan di Afghanistan masih terus dijalankan. UN Women hadir di negara tersebut untuk melakukan pemberdayaan perempuan dan manusia di Afghanistan guna mendorong peran perempuan dalam membangun bangsanya. Kerangka berpikir tulisan ini menggunakan feminisme untuk menggambarkan fenomena yang terjadi di negara tersebut serta melihat relevansinya terhadap isu yang berkembang saat ini. Nyatanya, masih banyak hal yang mengancam kehidupan manusia khususnya perempuan yang harus menjadi fokus bagi UN Women untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Kata Kunci: Feminisme, Keamanan Non-Tradisional, UN Women
Implementasi Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB) dalam Hukum Lingkungan Hidup Nasional Negara-Negara Anggota ASEAN Rahmadini Agung Ayu Utami; Juned, Mansur; Sophiana Widiastutie
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 2 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i2.8927

Abstract

Climate change is increasing the impact of natural hazards. As a region vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, ASEAN member states have proactively taken steps to implement sustainable environmental protection at the domestic level. The concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is then used to trace the application of life protection laws in ASEAN member countries based on qualitative-descriptive analysis. This research uses secondary data in the form of official government documents, research journals, and other scientific articles. This research argues that the national environmental protection laws of each ASEAN member state have represented the principles of the SDGs. All regulations are based on a continuous anthropocentric perspective. In general, regulations on environmental protection and management in the domestic of ASEAN member states are in accordance with the principles of SDGs points 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15. It is still rare to find countries that apply SDGs 1, 2, 4, and 16 in their main domestic life protection laws.
INDONESIA'S MARITIME DIPLOMACY (CASE STUDY: MARITIME TERRORISM IN THE SULU-SULAWESI SEAS) Haikal, Muhammad; Wahyudin, Y. A.; Mahmuluddin
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 2 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i2.8872

Abstract

Maritime terrorism is an activity that involves illegal actions that directly or indirectly impact a country's interests at sea. These actions include piracy, robbery, assault, and illegal trafficking in weapons, people and drugs. Maritime terrorism does not always have political aims, but has other aims, namely economic. The Sulu-Sulawesi Sea is a region in southeast asia that frequently affected by maritime terrorism. As maritime country, Indonesia has responsibility to protect the security of its maritime territory and must collaborate with neighboring countries to do so. This paper employs the concept of maritime diplomacy to examine the measures Indonesia has implemented in the region. The results of various forms of maritime diplomacy efforts made by Indonesia have succeeded in reducing maritime terrorism activities in the Sulu-Sulawesi sea area from time to time.

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