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Editorial Office: Heart House, Jalan Katalia Raya No. 5, Kota Bambu Utara West Jakarta, 11430 - Indonesia Telephone: +62 21 5681149, Fax: +62 21 5684220 Email: ijc@inaheart.org
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Cardiology
Published by Indonesian Heart Association
ISSN : 28303105     EISSN : 29647304     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Cardiology (IJC) is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal established by Indonesian Heart Association (IHA)/Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia (PERKI) [www.inaheart.org] on the year 1979. This journal is published to meet the needs of physicians and other health professionals for scientific articles in the cardiovascular field. All articles (research, case report, review article, and others) should be original and has never been published in any magazine/journal. Prior to publication, every manuscript will be subjected to double-blind review by peer-reviewers. We consider articles on all aspects of the cardiovascular system including clinical, translational, epidemiological, and basic studies. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not limited to the following fields: Acute Cardiovascular Care Arrhythmia / Cardiac Electrophysiology Cardiovascular Imaging Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Cardiovascular Public Health Policy Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Cardiovascular Research General Cardiology Heart Failure Hypertension Interventional Cardiology Pediatric Cardiology Preventive Cardiology Vascular Medicine
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Articles 725 Documents
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High Degree AV Block in Infants Cahyono, Agus
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 4 (2025): October - December, 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.2037

Abstract

In “High Degree AV Block in Infants” (Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 43(3), 116-22. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.1244), there are errors noted. An error has been found in the PDF version of this article. The DOI printed in the PDF is incorrect. The correct DOI is https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.1244. The error occurs only in the PDF; the DOI listed in the article metadata is already correct. An error also appears in the affiliation section. In the original publication, the affiliation were incorrectly listed as “Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia”. The affiliations have been corrected to “Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia”. The publisher apologizes for any inconvenience caused by this error.DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.1244
Pulmonary Hypertension in Indonesia: An Urgent Call to Close the Gaps in Diagnosis and Care Muliawan, Hary Sakti; Simanulang, Azzura Jasmine
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 46 No 4 (2025): October - December, 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.2039

Abstract

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DAN SKOR LESI KALSIFIKASI BERDASARKAN PEMERIKSAAN INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND (IVUS) PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT ARTERI KORONER Saboe, Aninka; Wahyudi, Dendi Pudji; Fattima, Eliza Techa; Yahya, Achmad Fauzi
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 47 No 1 (2026): January - March, 2026
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1449

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery calcification reflects the chronic burden of atherosclerosis and contributes to procedural complexity during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). While coronary calcium has been extensively studied using Computed Tomography (CT), data on Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)-derived calcium characteristics in Southeast Asian populations remain limited. The Southeast Asian population, particularly Indonesians, may exhibit distinct patterns of atherosclerosis influenced by genetic, lifestyle, and metabolic factors. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association between cardiovascular risk factors and IVUS-derived total coronary calcium score in an Indonesian population. Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study included consecutive patients who underwent IVUS-guided PCI between January 2020 and December 2021. Data on patient demographics and cardiovascular risk factors were obtained from medical records. The IVUS calcium scores recorded in the database were independently reanalyzed and validated by an experienced interventional cardiologist to ensure consistency and accuracy. Associations between cardiovascular risk factors and total IVUS calcium score were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation and the Kruskal–Wallis test.Results: A total of 111 patients were included in this study with a mean age of 61.3 ± 10.2 years; 72.1% were male. Hypertension was present in 60.4%, DM in 45.0%, dyslipidemia in 38.7%, and active smoking in 40.5%. The mean IVUS total calcium score was 1.93 ± 1.41. Among individual risk factors, dyslipidemia (ρ = 0.22, p = 0.021) and smoking (ρ = −0.24, p = 0.009) were significantly associated with calcium score. Patients with ≥2 risk factors had higher mean calcium scores (2.15 ± 1.35) compared with those with ≤1 risk factor (1.15 ± 1.33; p = 0.028). Conclusion: The total IVUS calcium score correlated significantly with the presence of dyslipidemia in this Indonesian population. A cumulative increase in cardiovascular risk factors was associated with greater coronary calcium burden, suggesting that multifactorial risk exposure plays an important role in coronary calcification in this population.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) Optimization: A Way Out for Non-Responders - A Case Report Damaiati, Nabila Edhiningtyas; Hermanto, Dony Yugo
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Online First
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1469

Abstract

Background Non-responders account for 30% of patients receiving Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT). Optimization of CRT using Electrocardiographic (ECG) and Transthoracic Echocardiographic (TTE) guidance has been proposed as a strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy in this subset. This case report presents a young female patient with advanced heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy, highlighting the role of ECG- and TTE-guided CRT optimization in improving clinical and hemodynamic outcomes. Case Illustration A 37-year-old female presented with advanced heart failure. Her medical history was notable for recurrent episodes of acute coronary syndrome, multiple Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCIs), and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy with Pacemaker (CRT-P) implantation, despite adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT). On admission, the ECG demonstrated atrial sensing with consistent biventricular pacing. Laboratory evaluation revealed an elevated N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level of 5.462 pg/mL. TTE showed a severely reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) of 20% and an absent A wave on mitral inflow Doppler, indicating impaired diastolic filling. Additionally, the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract (LVOT) Velocity Time Integral (VTI) was reduced to 7.4 cm, consistent with low forward stroke volume.Six months after the implantation, CRT optimization was performed using ECG and TTE guidance. Optimization resulted in a reduction of QRS duration to 129 ms, distinct separation of the mitral inflow E and A waves, an increase in LVOT VTI to 10.9 cm, and an improvement in functional capacity to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III. Conclusion CRT optimization, guided by ECG or TTE, is critical in managing non-responders. In this case, it led to improved QRS duration, hemodynamics, and NYHA functional class. Routine reassessment should be considered in patients with persistent symptoms despite optimal GDMT to enhance clinical response.
Myocardial Remission in High Burden Outflow Tract Premature Ventricular Complex-Induced Cardiomyopathy after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation: Case Report Hendiperdana, Mochamad Rizky; Maharani, Erika
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 47 No 1 (2026): January - March, 2026
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1844

Abstract

Background: Premature Ventricular Complex (PVC)-induced Cardiomyopathy (PVC-CMP) is a spectrum of dilated cardiomyopathy. Case Illustration: A 51-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with high suspicion of PVC-CMP underwent successful 3D mapping radiofrequency catheter ablation with a good result. Post-ablation 24-hour ECG-Holter evaluation showed a significant reduction of PVC burden. Echocardiographic evaluation 5 months post-ablation showed improvement in left ventricular systolic function parameters. The presence of high-burden PVC with a typical outflow tract origin could raise suspicion of a specific PVC-CMP aetiology. PVC burden emerged as a major predictor of the development of CMP. Several criteria can be used to identify PVC-CMP. Our case met those descriptive criteria, increasing the likelihood of PVC-CMP. Conclusion: PVC-CMP should be considered in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy who are accompanied by frequent outflow tract origin PVC (> 10 % burden). Early recognition of PVC-CMP is essential, as removal of the primary aetiology improves ventricular structure and function.
Predictive Value of Bazett-Corrected QTc for Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study Lerista, Maria; Soniya, Firinda; Salsabila, Zeta Reihan; Putra, Justian Ananda; Agustine, Vania; Banun, Syahri; Felani, Muhammad Rizky; Puspita, Indah; Tondas, Alexander Edo
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Online First
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1896

Abstract

Background : Cardiotoxicity remains a major concern in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Meanwhile, prolongation of the QTc interval has been associated with an increased risk of torsades de pointes; however, the clinical evidence for its role as a predictor of subclinical cardiotoxicity remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the association between Bazett-corrected QTc and the incidence of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction, as measured by strain echocardiography. Methods : This single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Indonesia (January 2022–December 2023). Female breast cancer patients aged ≥18 years who received anthracycline or non-anthracycline chemotherapy and completed baseline and third-cycle echocardiography were included. QTc was measured from 12-lead ECGs before and after chemotherapy using Bazett’s formula. Subclinical cardiotoxicity was defined as a >15% relative reduction in global longitudinal strain (GLS) from baseline. Logistic regression and ROC analyses assessed the predictive value of baseline QTcB. Result : In 32 breast cancer patients on anthracycline therapy (mean age 49.5 ± 9.0 years) were analyzed; 59.4% developed subclinical cardiotoxicity. Prolonged baseline QTcB, older age, and obesity were significantly associated with subclinical cardiotoxicity (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, QTcB remained an independent predictor (OR = 21.09; 95% CI: 0.979–454.4; p = 0.05). ROC analysis showed moderate discrimination (AUC = 0.717; 95% CI: 0.50–0.92; p = 0.04). Conclusion : Prolonged QTc appears to be a promising predictor of subclinical cardiotoxicity with fair diagnostic accuracy. However, it should be considered alongside other modalities. Further studies with larger populations are needed to control for other risk factors.
The Role of Coronary Artery Calcium Score as a Systemic Marker of Atherosclerosis: A Cross-sectional Imaging Study Aulia, Mohammad Sidqi; Pranata, Raymond; Hidayat, Syarief; Kusumawardhani, Nuraini Yasmin
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 47 No 1 (2026): January - March, 2026
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.2130

Abstract

Following publication of this article, the authors notified the Editorial Office of an error in the order of authorship. The order of the author is wrong and should have been:Mohammad Sidqi Aulia, Raymond Pranata, Syarief Hidayat, Nuraini Yasmin KusumawardhaniAll authors have provided written consent to approve the revised authorship order. The authorship order has now been corrected in the published article. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused by this error.
Clinical Characteristics of Congenital Heart Disease in Indonesian Children with Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Saini, Pasya Putra Pratama Ali; Yunita, Lowry; Fernandez, Sekar Andrea
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 47 No 1 (2026): January - March, 2026
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1836

Abstract

Down syndrome or trisomy 21 is frequently accompanied by Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), which is a major cause of mortality and morbidity within the first two years of life in children with Down Syndrome (DS). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the literature to assess the pooled prevalence of overall CHDs among children with DS in Indonesia. The search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Garuda (an Indonesian database), using Boolean operators and a range of keywords. Citation management was performed using the Rayyan Intelligent Systematic Reviews website (https://www.rayyan.ai/). Quantitative data synthesis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 4.0 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA). Initially, 1,915 citations were retrieved from the primary search; after screening titles and assessing full texts, a total of 11 articles were included in this study. A total of 1,122 subjects from 11 different studies were analyzed. The overall pooled prevalence of CHDs among children with DS was 44.6% (95% CI: 34.9% to 54.8%). We also found a high degree of heterogeneity between the studies (I² = 88.8%), and inspection of the forest plot revealed that the distribution of the plotted data was asymmetrical. Approximately one in two children with DS in Indonesia has at least one type of CHD. These findings highlight the need for early routine cardiac screening to reduce morbidity and mortality. We recommend further research to provide more data to assess the prevalence of CHD.
Ventrikel Kanan Berbilik Ganda pada Pasien Dewasa: Temuan Insidental dengan Gambaran Khas Ekokardiografi Transtorakal Yulistina, Desita Asri; Anggreheni, Putri Dwi; Yaasiin, Putri Isa Maharani; Izdhihar, Rafif Ryandra; Nurkusumasari, Nanda
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 47 No 1 (2026): January - March, 2026
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1849

Abstract

Background: A Double Chambered Right Ventricle (DCRV) is an uncommon congenital heart defect in which an abnormal muscular bundle divides the Right Ventricle (RV) into two chambers with different pressure levels. Diagnosing DCRV in adults is challenging because it is often asymptomatic and may be misdiagnosed. Case Illustration: We present a 37-year-old male with a history of an uncorrected Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), who was incidentally found to have type 2 DCRV on echocardiography during evaluation for abdominal pain. No residual VSD was detected, possibly due to spontaneous closure. Electrocardiography (ECG) revealed first-degree Atrioventricular (AV) block. Chest radiography showed cardiomegaly with a Cardiothoracic Ratio (CTR) of 0.56. Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated an anomalous muscular bundle that divided the RV into a high-pressure proximal chamber and a low-pressure distal chamber, accompanied by left atrial and ventricular enlargement. Conclusion: DCRV in adults is often misdiagnosed as pulmonary stenosis, especially in patients with mild or no symptoms. TTE and Doppler imaging are key diagnostic modalities for accurate diagnosis; however, advanced imaging techniques such as Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) may be required in complex cases. Management includes symptom control, such as beta-blockers, and further evaluation to determine the need for surgical intervention.
Evaluation of Serum Uric Acid as a Potential Predictive Biomarker in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Mohapatro, Monalisa; Routray, Satya Narayan; Panigrahy, Biswakesh; Sahu, Pratima Kumari; Jena, Suryasnata
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Vol 47 No 1 (2026): January - March, 2026
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1878

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a relatively rare fatal disease, confounding many cardiopulmonary diseases. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), measured by transthoracic echocardiography, can be taken as a surrogate marker for diagnosing this disease. Uric acid, a marker of oxidative stress, has been investigated as a potential predictive biomarker for risk stratification. Our study was conducted to ascertain the incidence and severity of sPAP, to evaluate the level of uric acid levels, and to establish a correlation. Methods: This is an observational case-control study that included 51 cases of PAH diagnosed by sPAP ≥36 mm Hg, along with 51 controls. Serum uric acid was assayed using a spectrophotometric method. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 20.0. Results: Cases were observed in the range of 24 to 87 years (average 48 years) with female predominance. Uric acid levels were significantly higher in cases than in controls. Females showed slightly lower levels of uric acid as compared to males. Correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between sPAP and uric acid levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that serum uric acid had 68% predictive accuracy for sPAP severity at a cutoff of 5.45 mg/dL. Conclusion: The level of uric acid, a routine biomarker analysed in laboratories, is found to be increased in PAH patients and closely correlates with the severity of sPAP. This suggests a potential role of uric acid as a predictive biomarker in PAH management.

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