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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
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Natuna Off-Shelf Current (NOC) Vertical Variability and Its Relation to ENSO in the North Natuna Sea Hariyadi Hariyadi; Johannes Hutabarat; Denny Nugroho Sugianto; Muhammad Faiq Marwa Noercholis; Niken Dwi Prasetyarini; Widodo S. Pranowo; Kunarso Kunarso; Parichat Wetchayount; Anindya Wirasatriya
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.63-70

Abstract

During the northwest monsoon (NWM), southerly flow off the Natuna Islands appeared as the extension of the turning Vietnam coastal jet, known as Natuna off-shelf current (NOC). NOC is generated by the interaction of wind stress and the North Natuna Sea’s bottom topography. The purposes of the present study is to investigate the vertical variability of NOC and its relation to El Niňo Southern Oscillation (ENSO) using Marine Copernicus reanalysis data. The vertical variability refers to the spatial distribution of NOC pattern at the surface layer, thermocline layer, and deep/bottom layer.  in 2014 as representative of normal ENSO condition. To investigate the effect of ENSO, the spatial distribution of NOC in 2011 and 2016 were compared which represent the La Niňa and El Niňo conditions, respectively. The results show that NOC starts to generate at the southeast monsoon season to the transition I season and peaks in the northwest monsoon season. The occurrence of NOC is identified at all depth layers with the weakened NOC at the deep layer. Related to the ENSO effect, La Niňa tends to strengthen NOC while El Niňo tends to weaken NOC. These are releted with the strengthening and weakening northerly wind speed during La Niňa and El Niňo, Respectively. During La Niňa events, the NOC occurs more frequently than during El Niňo. Thus, beside affecting the magnitude of NOC, ENSO also influence the frequency occurrence of NOC.
Characterization of Some Commercially Important Octopus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from Indonesian Waters using Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase Sub-Unit I (Mt-DNA COI) Nenik Kholilah; Norma Afiati; Subagiyo Subagiyo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 1 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.1.17-26

Abstract

As per the FAO data, octopus identification is very limited in the species level at world fishery and also they are cryptic nature. On the other hand, Indonesia is one of the top ten highest octopus exporters. This study therefore aimed to determine the species of octopus based on phylogenetic analysis of mt-DNA COI. Octopuses were collected from nine different locations throughout Indonesia, i.e., Anambas, Bangka-Belitung, Cirebon, Karimunjawa, Tuban, Lombok, Buton, Wakatobi and Jayapura. Samples were mostly in the form of tentacles that were directly collected from fishermen. After being preserved in 96% ethanol, the sample was extracted in 10% chelexÒ, PCR amplification using Folmer’s primer then was further analysed by sequencing in Sanger methods. Of the 24 samples sequenced, the results recognized four species Octopodidae belongs to the three genera, named Amphioctopus aegina, Hapalochlaena fasciata, Octopus laqueus and Octopus cyanea. Mean pair-wise distances of within-species were ranged from 0 to 5.5 % and between-species was ranged from 12.9 to 15.8 %. This study distinctly confirmed the difference between genus Amphioctopus and Hapalochlaena (15.5 %), as also between O. laqueus and O. cyanea (12.9%) which was previously not completely distinguished. Although performing species identification using DNA sequences for shallow-water benthic octopus species is perhaps considered premature, this study indicated the possible application of COI sequences for species identification, thereby providing a preliminary dataset for future DNA barcoding of octopus, in particular for Indonesia waters.
Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg) Contained in Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia Nadya Febrianessa; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Agustinus Mangaratua Samosir; Masashi Yokota
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 25, No 4 (2020): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.25.4.157-164

Abstract

Increasing number of industries and settlements in Banten Bay were subsequently followed by an increase in the amount of waste, whether in the form of solid, liquid or gas that can pollute the environment. One of the toxic pollutants is heavy metal.The entry mechanism of the heavy metal Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) in body of the crab (Portunus pelagicus), namely through the process of digestion food. This study was conducted for 6 months, from March to August 2019, and aimed to analyze the heavy metal content levels (Pb and Hg) and the safe consumption level of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the waters. The heavy metal concentration in the meat was measured through the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) AA 7000 series Shimadzu. The analysis showed that the Pb and Hg contained in the blue swimming crab were still under the quality standards. Also, the bio-concentration factors of the blue swimming crab were low (<100).  Water quality data observed as temperature, salinity, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and transparency stayed in the range of tolerable limits for the survival of marine organisms. Maximum weekly intake calculation refers to the tolerable limits issued by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The JECFA recommends calculating the PTWI of each heavy metal if it accumulates in the human body for methyl mercury 1.6 μg.kg bw.week-1 and for lead not exceed 25 μg.kg bw.week-1. The safety consumption level of blue swimming crab from Cengkok Coastal water was 2.3 kg of meat.week-1 (for adults) and 0.6 kg of meat.week-1 (for children).
Type and Potential Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Coastal Area of Tarakan City, North Borneo, Indonesia Ratno Achyani; Dietriech G Bengen; Tri Prartono; Etty Riani; Abdullah Hisam bin Omar
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 1 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.1.27-36

Abstract

PAHs are mutagenic and carcinogenic agents that influence the coastal water of Tarakan City. This study aims to determine the concentration, type, and distribution of PAHs in waters and sediments of rivers, seawater, and brackish ponds, and their potential sources. Fourteen samples of water and sediment from selected stations obtained 14 types of PAHs priority (USEPA). Analysis using GC-MS Type Thermo Trace 1310 single quadrupole Mass Spectrometer, using Coulum melting silica column (coulumn fused silica) DB5 MS with a length of 30 m, a diameter of 0.32 mm inline. The concentration in sediments at river locations ranges from 0.72-352.84, between 1.23-606.74 in the sea, and brackish ponds 0.08-2858.88 ng.g-1. On the waters ranged from 42.46-160.25 µg.L-1, in the sea 7.95-167.55 µg.L-1 and ponds 7.63-151.60 µg.L-1. The concentration level in rivers and seas is small and in the ponds is small-very high. The concentration on water at the river site was observed to increase from upstream to downstream. Meanwhile in sediment was higher in the upstream decreased towards the middle of river and increased in downstream/estuary area. The concentration in the Tarakan coastal environment signifies the potential hazards to the environment. Components Nap, Fla, Pyr, Chr, and BaP are types that are often identified. Furthermore, two, four and five rings of PAHs were shown to dominate in water and sediment, with the major rings present in both river and brackish pond. The PAHs were both petrogenic and pyrolytic sources from land base sources that were possibly derived from the Pamusian river.
Modelling Tidal Flow Hydrodynamics of Sunda Strait, Indonesia Munawir Bintang Pratama; Vengatesan Venugopal; Harman Ajiwibowo; Juventus Welly Ginting; Franto Novico
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 25, No 4 (2020): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.25.4.165-172

Abstract

In the past years, Indonesian people put more attention to Sunda Strait located between Java and Sumatra Islands, one of the busiest straits occupied with residential, recreational, fisheries, transportation, industrial and mining activities. Previous works on numerical modelling of tidal flow hydrodynamics of the Sunda Strait have resulted in good agreement against field data; however, the calibration of the models used was not described in detail. This paper presents the process of setting up the model, extensive calibration, validation and prediction of tidal currents for the Sunda Strait. A two-dimensional tidal-driven model is constructed using Delft3D, an open-source developed by Deltares. Four different bathymetry datasets, four different boundary condition configurations, and various bed roughness values are used, and their suitability in predicting tidal water level and current are investigated. It is found that changing the bathymetry and boundary conditions improve the model validation significantly. GEBCO_2019 bathymetry dataset outperforms the Batnas, even though it has a coarser resolution. For boundary conditions, the combination of water level and current velocity results in a better validation compares to using water level or current velocity only. However, the bed roughness shows an insignificant influence in predicting tidal conditions. The averaged current velocity is lower at the Southern than the Northern side of the strait due to a larger cross-section, consequence of deeper water. High tidal currents of magnitude around 2 m.s-1 are seen at the bottleneck of the strait.
Phytoplankton community structure and it’s relationships with water quality in Bangka Island, Indonesia Muh Yusuf; Robin Robin; Wahyu Adi; Mu’alimah Hudatwi; Widianingsih Widianingsih; Retno Hartati; Robertus Triaji Mahendrajaya; Cristiana Manullang
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 1 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.1.37-44

Abstract

Phytoplankton plays an important role in primary productivity in marine environment. Various environmental changes in coastal area will impact the water quality and their phytoplankton compositions. The purpose of this study is to examine the abundance of phytoplankton from two different sites, i.e Tanah Merah (close to mining site) and Semujur Island (away from mining site) in Bangka Island. Phytoplankton and water sample were collected on June- August 2018. Water quality was measured using water quality checker, whereas the phytoplankton was identified under the microscope with a magnification of 100x. Non-parametric Kruskal test and T-test analysis was performed to determine the abundance, diversity, uniform, and dominance of phytoplankton between Sites, respectively. Statistical analyses showed the abundance of phytoplankton at Semujur Island was significantly higher than that at Tanah Merah (p = 0.003). In additions the diversity, uniform, and dominance were also significantly different between sites (all p <0.05). In Semujur Island, Diatoms (Thalassiothrix, Chaetoceros and Thalassionema) were more dominants than the Dinophyceae group. However, in Tanah Merah, the genera Ceratium belong to class Dinophyceae was more dominant than the class Bacillariophyceae. These results performed that the phytoplankton in Tanah Merah and Semujur Island was affected by environment, in this case the mining area. The water quality in Semujur Island (non-mining Area) might have good quality than in Tanah Merah (mining area). The average value of turbidity and Total Suspended Solid in Tanah Merah Waters causes low abundance of phytoplankton. It can be concluded that tin mining can disrupt the abundance and composition of phytoplankton as a primary producer of waters.
Revisiting the Spawning Pattern of Nyale Worms (Eunicidae) Using the Metonic Cycle Imam Bachtiar; Shingo Odani
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.87-94

Abstract

Mass spawning dates of nyale worms (Eunicidae) have been scientifically predictable since 2019. The month of spawning is consistently following the pattern of the February full moon, while the date of spawning is consistently on the 20th of the lunar calendar. There are particular years with February only spawning, March only spawning, and split spawning in both February and March. The existing prediction of the split spawning, however, was constructed with very little available data. The present study aimed to revisit the split spawning prediction using the Metonic cycle, a 19-year lunisolar cycle. The results show that the spawning prediction very much follows the Metonic Cycle. There are minor dates on split spawning to be revised, when February full moon rises on 14th February. The revised hypothesis is that split spawning is very likely to occur when the full moon rises between the 7th to 13th of February. When February full moon appears before the 7th of February, single spawning will take place on the fifth day after the March full moon.  When February full moon befalls after the 13th of February, single spawning will occur on the fifth day after the February full moon. The revised prediction method has only 2 (two) deviances in 114 years of simulation dates. The present study is the first to suggest the link between Polychaete spawning patterns and the Metonic Cycle.
Anticoagulant Activity of Mangrove (Avicennia alba) Leaves Extract in Vitro Riza Rusyiana; Ima Arum Lestarini; Candra Dwipayana Hamdin; Handa Muliasari
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.110-116

Abstract

Anti-coagulants are substances used to prevent the formation of thromboembolism, one of the causes of cardiovascular disease. Since cardiovascular is a disease as the leading cause of death in the world, exploration of novel and more effective anticoagulant is very needed. Mangroves contain flavonoid and sulphated polysaccharide compounds that potential as anti-coagulants. This study aimed to determine the anti-coagulant activity of ethanol extract and fractions of mangrove leaves (Avicennia alba) in human blood cells in vitro. A. alba leaves were collected at Teluk Ekas, East Lombok, Indonesia. The leaves were macerated with 96% ethanol (3x24h) and then evaporated. The extract was then fractionated to obtain the n-hexane, chloroform, and residual fractions. Anti-coagulant activity of ethanol extract and the three fractions were tested in vitro to five human blood samples by the method of Lee-White and Eustrek, compared to heparin as a positive control. Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract indicated that A. alba leaves extract contains alkaloids, tannin, saponin, flavonoids, sulphated polysaccharide, and terpenoid. The results of Lee-White method were the ethanol extract (1 mg.mL-1), and three fractions (0.5 mg.mL-1) have anti-coagulant activity. Statistical analysis showed that the anti-coagulant activity of the ethanol extract was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to the normal group and fractions and were not significantly different (P>0.05) compared to heparin. Ethanol extract and the three fractions of A. alba leaves have anti-coagulant activity in vitro. The anti-coagulant activity of ethanol extract (1 mg.mL-1) was comparable to heparin (25 IU) and was better than the three extract fractions (0.5 mg.mL-1). Further research is needed to test the anticoagulant activities of isolated sulphated polysaccharides and flavonoid that can be developed as anticoagulant agents. 
Analysis of Characteristics and Turbulent Mixing of Seawater Mass in Lombok Strait Amir Yarkhasy Yuliardi; Agus S. Atmadipoera; Gentio Harsono; Nyoman Metta N. Natih; Kentaro Ando
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.95-109

Abstract

The Lombok Strait, as one of the outlet straits, is part of the ITF route, which is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. There is a sill in the Lombok Strait, which is a place for internal wave generation. Leg-1 data from the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology in collaboration with the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology which is part of the Tropical Ocean Climate Study Expedition including CTD Yoyo and ADCP taken using ship vehicles R/V Kaiyo. CTD Snapshot from PUSHIDROSAL using the KRI Spica 934 vehicle part of the Opssurta Baruna Jaya 2 Expedition. Determination of seawater mass stratification with the criteria for the thermocline layer is ≥ 0.05 °C.m-1. Four types of water masses were identified, Java Sea, mixed seawater mass (Java Sea - ITF) which occurred diapycnal mixing, North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) and North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW). The seawater mass stratification in the Lombok Strait based on temperature, salinity and density which are seen to follow the internal tidal pattern. The average values for energy dissipation and vertical diffusivity for each layer and replication were 5.73 x 10-7 W.Kg-1 and 3.67 x 10-2 m2.s-1 for CTD Yoyo and 2.25 x 10-6 W.Kg-1 and 7.38 x 10-2 m2.s-1 for CTD Snapshot. The value obtained is greater than the open ocean and straits in other studies. The high shear value confirms this in the thermocline layer. The Richardson gradient value> 0.25 is relatively constant in the thermocline layer.
Infection Patterns of Helminth Parasites in Mackerel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) from Banten Waters, Indonesia Muhammad Raihan Pambudi; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Risa Tiuria; Sonja Kleinertz
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.117-124

Abstract

The study of zoonotic parasites is of extreme importance, because they can cause diseases in humans and can negatively impact the marketability of fisheries products. The present study aims to determine the infection patterns of helminth parasites infecting mackerel tuna in Banten waters, as well as to clarify possible negative impacts to its fish host. Mackerel tunas were caught from March to July 2020 in Banten Bay and Sunda Strait and obtained from Karangantu fishing port and Muara Angke fishing port. For parasite identification, different staining methods were used (KOH, Semichon’s acetocarmine). Helminth parasites that has been found in this study belonged to the taxa of Monogenea (1), Digenea (1), Nematoda (2) and Acanthocephala (2). The helminth parasite species with the highest prevalence was Hexostoma euthynni (P: 16.7%) from Banten Bay and Neorhadinorhynchus sp. (P: 53.3%) from Sunda Strait followed by a possible zoonotic parasite Anisakis sp. with 46.7% prevalence. In this study four new locality records were established. Pathogenic impacts from the isolated parasites to the examined fish could be expected, especially for the revealed H. euthynni, which may decrease the fish’s ability to perform proper respiration, cause irritation to gills, and anemia. Preventive actions on anthropogenic activities will be required in order to keep the natural conditions in the areas of Banten Bay and Sunda Strait. Regular fish parasite monitorings will lead to the sustainable use of fisheries resources, assess possible fish health impacts, and zoogeographical distributions of zoonotic and pathogenic parasites.

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