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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
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Contamination of Heavy Metals (Pb and Cu) at Tin Sea Mining Field and Its Impact to Marine Tourism and Fisheries Sudirman Adibrata; Muh. Yusuf; Irvani Irvani; Maulana Firdaus
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.79-86

Abstract

The dynamics of heavy metals (Pb and Cu) distribution near sea mining locations can show a negative impact on fisheries resource management. The study was conducted at the coastal area of Tanah Merah Beach, Central Bangka Regency, the geographical location at 02o12'50 "S and 106o13'00" E. This study aims to determine the extent of heavy metals (Pb and Cu) distribution adjacent sea mining field and its impact on marine tourism and fisheries. Purposive sampling method was used to identify the sampling locations from 13 closest locations to the farthest from marine mining sources. The result show that the closest and farthest Pb and Cu values from the tin mining activities were 0.16 mg.L-1; 0.03 mg.L-1 and 0.02 mg.L-1; <0.003 mg.L-1. The Hydro-oceanographic conditions from the highest to the lowest water currents of 0.03 m.s-1 - 0.001 m.s-1. This research represented the east monsoon, which showed that the heavy metal distributions dynamics are not too distance-reaching due to weak water currents, so that the dilution and sedimentation rate is slow. It is stated that the waters are polluted where the highest contamination value is indicated by the location closest to the source of marine mining and further weakened at the location farthest from the source of pollutants. Environmental impact from that activity has significantly threatened marine tourism and fishery activities by reducing economic benefits that given from marine and coastal environmental. Urgently, it is necessary to regulate like zoning tin mining activities and sites for the sustainable common purposes and prevent conflicts.
Bioecology of coral reef in Panjang Island of Central Java Indonesia Suryono Suryono; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Munasik Munasik; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Raden Ario; Ibnu Pratikto; Nur Taufiq-Spj; Syahrial V. Canavaro; Tiara Anggita; Bayu Kreshna Adhitya Sumarto; Justin Cullen
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.125-134

Abstract

Coral reefs currently are suffered from natural factors along with increasing anthropogenic activity. Panjang Island, a small reef island located in Jepara Regency, may also be experiencing such conditions. Therefore, this work was aimed to observe the condition of the coral cover of Panjang Island. Line intercept transect was applied to survey the coral cover and mortality index from fourteen stations. Insitu data consisted of the bottom substrate composition of the reefs and the physical parameters of the sea. The secondary data, i.e. coral reef area maps from 2001 to 2019 were taken from Landsat Image 7 and 8, data of wind were obtained from www.ogimet.com, while tidal data were collected from BMKG. The bathymetry was determined from the Geospatial Information Agency data, salinity global analysis forecast Phy 001.024 (CMEMS). Sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophyll-a distribution were analyzed using ENVI software. The result showed that Panjang Island has a poor to the moderate condition of hard coral.  Two out of six categories of abiotic and dead coral were found to be high. The mortality index of coral was in the high category (average 0.52). During research periods the sea waters were characterized by high sea surface temperature (29.34-30.94°C), chlorophyll-a was also tended to be high (0-2.65 mg.m-3), and an average of salinity was high 32 ‰. The weak currents came to all sides of the island, therefore the coral reef was not exposed to extreme currents. The waves came from the east, then the energy decreases after being blocked by coral reefs on the eastern side of the island, so that coral reefs in the northeast and south sides were safer to be exposed. The results suggest that hydrodynamic ecology directly or indirectly affected the percentage of coral cover and mortality index at the reefs of Panjang Island.
Effect of Salinities and Dietary Patterns toward Fullness of Gut and Gut Evacuation Time of the Newly Introduced Penaeus merguiensis Larvae Mostafa Imhmed Ighwerb; Johannes Hutabarat; Ervia Yudiati; Rudhi Pribadi; Widianignsih Widianingsih; Retno Hartati; Abidin Nur II; Arumning T. Fauziah; Jelita Rahma Hidayati
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.71-78

Abstract

The gut capacity of shrimp larvae is minimal, and their digestion is often challenged by the inevitable fact that they tend to develop slowly during the zoea stage. Many studies approved that the digestive capacity of shrimp larvae could be improved by increasing the retention time of food in the intestine. Gut evacuation time and fullness of the gut are crucial parameters in assessing the growth of shrimp larvae, and the diet as well as  environmental conditions indeed influence the activity of these parameters. Although many species of shrimps have a wide salinity tolerance, more specific research on salinity and its relation to the type of diet is necessary to find the optimum condition supporting the growth of shrimp larvae. By employing Penaeus merguiensis larvae, this study evaluates the effect of three nominal salinities (28, 32, and 36 ppt) and types of diets (Diet A: 100% live feed; Diet B: 100% FRIPPAK; Diet C: a combination of Diet A and Diet C, 50 % each) toward the fullness of gut and gut evacuation time of the newly introduced Penaeus merguiensis larvae culture. The result showed that the longest gut evacuation time and the highest percentage of gut's fullness were found in all Zoea reared with Diet A at salinity 28 and 32 ppt; Zoea-1 at 28 ppt with Diet A; Zoea-2 at 32 ppt with Diet A; Zoea-3 at 32 ppt with Diet A. Longer gut evacuation time would have an impact on the higher percentage of the fullness of gut. The higher fullness of the gut also indicates that the larvae have the best capacity to produce energy and achieve optimum growth.
Observed features of the water masses in the Halmahera Sea in November 2016 Mochamad Riza Iskandar; Adi Purwandana; Dewi Surinati; Wang Zheng
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 4 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.4.225-236

Abstract

Halmahera Sea is one of the locations in the eastern route of Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), where high salinity water is mainly transported by the ITF. The description of water mass in the Halmahera Sea from the perspective of water mass, and related mixing is important. It is not only useful for understanding water mass features, but it can also be used to determine the strength of the turbulent mixing, and so allow how it relates to the water transformation. Here, we report the water mass properties and estimation of mixing quantities in the Halmahera Sea from the CTD profiles based on recent onboard observations during the IOCAS cruise in November 2016. The water mass analysis was done by examining the characteristics of water types in the Temperature-Salinity (T-S) diagram. The mixing estimation uses the density profile derived from temperature and salinity profiles and the quantification of vertical turbulence observed by density overturn. Halmahera Sea is to be found as the location where the thermocline salinity changes abruptly, it is shown from the erosion of salinity maximum in the density of 22-26σθ decreased from the north to the south of the basin. It is associated with strong mixing with spots of higher vertical diffusivity in the thermocline and intermediate layer. In the upper layer, the mixed layer depth in the Halmahera Sea is relatively shallow with an average of about 16.95 m and it is associated with weak wind stress during this month.
Hydrodynamic Modelling of Tidally-Influenced Fluvial Zone, a study case of Palembang, Indonesia Alamsyah Kurniawan; Andi Egon; Karina Aprilia Sujatmiko; Ardi Iman Malakani
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 1 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.1.83-92

Abstract

The development planning of a tidally-influenced fluvial zone poses a complex interaction between river discharge and its effect on the tidal patterns, especially in the dense population and high economic activity like Palembang located in South Sumatra Indonesia. Previous studies on numerical modelling in this area have focused on the flood; however, the hydrodynamic modelling described interaction between river discharge and tidal is not described in more detail. The present study aims to better understand the zone by using a combination of numerical modelling and qualitative assessment of in situ measurement data. Hence, the water level condition in the study area is a mix of tidal and river discharge. A 2D-hydrodynamic modeling has been successfully conducted to assess their interaction in this zone properly by using the commercial software, called MIKE21 FM. This study describes setting up the computational model, boundary location, type of forcing (tidal and non-tidal), bedform roughness, turbulent viscosity and extensive calibration and validation. In situ measurement indicates that the site's water level and flow characteristic is complex, a mixture of tidal force from the downstream and river flows from the upstream in which seasons play an important role. It is found that comparing model outputs and the measurement data in the study area for the validation and verification process effectively describes the hydrodynamic condition in the fluvial-estuarine transition area of Palembang. As the model shows good reliability, the long term hydrodynamic in line with transport model should be developed to support the Palembang area rapid development.
Seasonal Variability of Waves Within the Indonesian Seas and Its Relation With the Monsoon Wind Purwanto Purwanto; Denny Nugroho Sugianto; Muhammad Zainuri; Galuh Permatasari; Warsito Atmodjo; Baskoro Rochaddi; Aris Ismanto; Parichat Wetchayont; Anindya Wirasatriya
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 3 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.3.189-196

Abstract

The previous studies have simulated the variability of the wave within the Indonesian seas which showed that the variability of wave follows the seasonal pattern. However, their analysis only consider the influence of local wind forcings. The bias and error of their simulated wave were also unclear. In the present study, we investigate the variability of wave within the Indonesian seas and its relation with the surface wind speed using the combination of reanalysis and remote sensing data with high accuracies. We split the analysis into swell and wind wave to obtain the influence of local and remote wind forcings. We show that at the inner seas (i.e., the South China Sea, Java Sea, Flores Sea, Banda Sea and Arafura Sea), the variability of significant wave height (SWH) is majorly influenced by the variability of the speed of monsoon wind. The maximum SWH during Northwest monsoon (NWM) season is located at the South China Sea while during Southeast monsoon (SEM) season is at Arafura Sea. This indicates that the wind wave (sea) is dominant at the inner seas. At the open seas (i.e., Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean) the variability of SWH less corresponds to the the speed of monsoon wind. The remote wind forcings control the wave variability in the open ocean area. This indicates that swell is dominant at the open seas. In general, the magnitude of SWHswell is also more than SWHsea within the Indonesian seas.
Proximate Analysis of Bycatch Fish and Probiotics Treatments towards the Good Aquaculture Practices Sudirman Adibrata; Rufti Puji Astuti; Novyandra Ilham Bahtera; Rahmad Lingga; Fahmida Manin; Maulana Firdaus
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 1 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.1.37-44

Abstract

Bycatch small pelagic fish during the fishing season can be oversupplied so that its price goes down.  The study aims to analyze the proximate of local fish powder from the by-catch and probiotics of Probio_FM in the fish feed in Bangka Belitung. The method was the data compared with the Indonesian National Standard, SNI 01-2715-1996/Rev: 92 about the raw material of animal feed as fish powder and fish feed with six different treatments. The study found that the bycatch or trash from small pelagic fish could be used as a fish powder or fish feed. The proximate analysis on fish powder and fish feed with probiotics Probio_FM included as the quality of SNI. Crude protein values from 25.75% until 66.96% that was above SNI standard I (1.5%), II (2.5%), and III (3.0%) could be followed up into an economical business. Fermented activity from Probio_FM could degrade the protein and other components proximate such as ash content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, calcium, Phosphor, and NaCl. The amino acids from protein were getting simpler and easier being absorbed by fish in culture or livestock farms. Probio_FM was assumed to degrade the protein value and other components proximate due to the utilization of nitrogen and ammonia derived from the process fish protein hydrolyzation of probiotic bacteria. The production of local feed should be implemented to reach feed security and very important to be developed into a community business. Proximate analysis of bycatch could support sustainable good aquaculture practices in the future.  
A Preliminary Study: Marine Biogeography of Nautilus in the Bangka Belitung Seas, Indonesia Siti Aisyah; Josaphat Tetuko Sri Sumantyo; Aditya Pamungkas; M Rizza Muftiadi; Muh Yusuf
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 3 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.3.147-154

Abstract

Nautilus is the only surviving genus whose members were numerous and widely dispersed in the oceans throughout the Jurassic and Miocene times. It represents the only living member from the Family Nautilidae and is often considered as a living fossil. Nautilus is found with high biodiversity in Ambon, Indonesia, and were in special cases even found in Bangka Belitung, far from their original habitat. This study aimed to understand the historical component of the habitat and distribution of Nautilus in Bangka Belitung and to determine the depth, temperature, current, and environmental heterogeneity relate to Nautilus. Nautilus samples were found in Bangka Belitung Seas nearby a crack region at 50–75 m deep while the optimal depth of the Nautilus was 150–300 m, depending on the local area. The locations in the Bangka Belitung Seas where Nautilus found have sea surface temperatures between 30-31°C and 27-28°C during the East Monsoon and the West Monsoon respectivelly. The implications of temperature as a limiting factor are fairly significant, as it restricts the upper limit of the living habitat to predictable depths, which vary both geographically and seasonally during the West Monsoon when surface temperatures approach habitable levels. Sea currents at the Bangka Belitung Seas move at 0–0.6 m.s-1 during the East Monsoon and speed up near the North Natuna Sea. During the West Monsoon, currents predominantly flow from the Natuna Sea to the Java Sea at 0–0.5 m.s-1. Large-scale deep-water currents and the effects of smaller currents on scent dispersal influence the directional movements of Nautilus.
Identification of Batoid Fishes from North Sumatra waters, Indonesia: Comparing between 12S and 16S rRNA gene as DNA marker Khairiza Lubis; Mufti Sudibyo; Achmad Farajallah; Nisfa Hanim; Person Pesona Renta
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 4 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.4.298-310

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the biodiversity hotspot areas for chondrichthyan fishes in the world, including batoid fishes. Nevertheless, some of the biological information of batoid fishes in Indonesia are still limited, such as batoid’s gene sequences for molecular identification. Two of those DNA marker for identifying batoid species, that it’s information still lacking in Indonesia is 12S and 16S gene. Therefore, this study aimed to identify batoid fishes species from North Sumatra using 12S and 16S rRNA gene fragments and comparing the identification result of those two markers. The genomic DNA was extracted from the pectoral fin muscle of eight batoid samples from eight different species. Amplification of both gene fragments was done by using two pairs of primers which were manually designed. The amplicon from both genes was sequenced and then were analyzed. In the present study successfully obtained eight good sequences of each 12S and 16S rRNA gene fragment. Five batoid samples were successfully identified to species level using both of gene fragments due to these identification results were matched with our previous morphological identification results. The identification result of Rhinoptera javanica sample based on 12S rRNA gene fragment was inaccurate due to several reasons. One of the possible reasons was due to the gene region that this work used did not contain sufficient information to differentiate Rhinoptera javanica until species level. The 3 remaining samples were unsuccessfully identified to species level using both genes due to the lack of conspecific targeted gene reference sequences in the database.
Biodegradation of Polyethylene Microplastic using Culturable Coral-Associated Bacteria Isolated from Corals of Karimunjawa National Park Prastyo Abi Widyananto; Sakti Imam Muchlissin; Agus Sabdono; Bambang Yulianto; Fauziah Shahul Hamid; Ocky Karna Radjasa
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 4 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.4.237-246

Abstract

Polyethylene is a plastic material that was globally produced and is well known as a non-degradable pollutant product. Plastic pollution, primarily microplastics, have been distributed to coral reef ecosystems, where these areas are ecosystems with high productivity. Karimunjawa National Park in Indonesia is one of the protected areas for coral reef ecosystem habitat in Central Java, threatened by microplastic contamination. Recent studies have shown that coral-associated bacteria have an adequate ability to degrade marine pollutant materials. No one has reported that the use of indigenous coral-associated bacteria has the potential for microplastic biodegradation, especially low-density polyethylene microplastic materials. Hence, the objective of this study was to find the potential of microplastic biodegradation agents derived from coral-associated bacteria in Karimunjawa National Park area. Various coral life-forms were isolated in July 2020 from conservation areas and areas with anthropogenic influences. Bacterial isolates were screened using tributyrin and polycaprolactone as substrates to reveal potential microplastic degradation enzymes. The total isolation results obtained 92 bacterial isolates, and then from the result of enzyme screening, there were 7 active bacteria and only 1 bacteria that potential to degrade polyethylene. LBC 1 showed that strain could degrade by 2.25±0.0684 % low-density polyethylene microplastic pellet by incubating bacterial growth until the stationary phase. Identification of LBC 1 strain was carried out by extracting DNA and bacterial 16S rRNA sequences. Bacterial gene identification refers to Bacillus paramycoides with a similarity level in the National Center Biotechnology Information database of 99.44%. These results prove that hard coral association bacteria can degrade low-density polyethylene microplastics.

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