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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
 63   64   65   66   67 
Relationship Between Environmental Parameters and Manta Ray Occurrence in Raja Ampat Archipelago, Indonesia Runtuboi, Ferawati; Bengen, Dietriech Geoffrey; Nurjaya, I Wayan; Natih, Nyoman Metta N; Zulfikar, Andi; Beale, Calvin S.
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.37-47

Abstract

Understanding the influence and impact of environmental factors on manta ray sightings is critical to understanding the spatial and temporal ecology of a highly mobile species. Therefore, this study aims to determine the influence and impact of environmental factors as indicated by the parameters of wind speed, chlorophyll-a, SST, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and the number of phytoplankton and zooplankton species. The mapped chlorophyll-a was re-analyzed based on the seasonal period throughout 2021 downloaded from marine copernicus and analyzed by kriging method. The influence and effects of environmental parameters on the short-term appearance of eye rays were studied using an adaptive model (GAM). The analysis showed a significant influence of environmental factors on manta ray sightings in Raja Ampat, namely Calanoid spp, Oithona nana, Acartia clausi, Calanus helgoladicus, and Oithona brevicornis. Based on this model, zooplankton is an important parameter that can describe the influence of environmental parameters on manta ray sightings at observation points in Raja Ampat MPA. The results of the reanalysis of chlorophyll-a concentrations were highest in the eastern to transitional seasons, which were scattered on the west side of Raja Ampat waters. Meanwhile, chlorophyll-a concentrations were low in the west to transitional season on the east side. This mechanism may drive the foraging strategy of manta rays, which visit shallow waters where zooplankton density and biomass are abundant. Adopting the BHS MPA network concept, as it has been implemented, would be in line with broader conservation expectations for the sustainability of manta rays in Raja Ampat.
Sipuncula (Peanut Worms) in Indonesia Waters: A Review Cintra, Allsay Kitsash Addifisyukha; Fitrian, Tyani; Novianty, Hilda; Jasmadi, Jasmadi; Sjafrie, Nurul Dhewani Mirah
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.104-118

Abstract

Sipunculans, or peanut worms, are unsegmented worm-like marine organisms with distinctive trunk-like bodies. They play important roles in marine ecosystems, such as bioerosion, bioturbation, and food sources. Sipunculans are also harvested as human food in some regions worldwide. Despite their importance, a comprehensive understanding of the Sipuncula in Indonesia is still limited. This work aimed to compile a study of the distribution, ecology, and potency of Sipuncula species in Indonesian waters. The distribution of Sipuncula species in Indonesian waters was recorded from the northernmost to the easternmost part of Indonesia. So far, nineteen species have been found in Indonesian waters and are dominated by Sipunculus nudus. In Indonesia, Sipuncula exhibits a diverse range of habitats, they can be found in seagrass, mangrove and coral reef ecosystems, in both sandy and muddy sediments. Sipunculans found in Indonesia have ecosystem function as bioturbator, shell-utilizer, and coral-symbiotic species. Sipuncula also has potency as a food and nutraceutical for human health maintenance because it contains highly nutritious such as protein, carbohydrates, ash, lipids, moisture, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids. In some areas in Indonesia, local communities use Sipuncula as a traditional food source and fishing bait. Given its significance for marine ecosystems and human livelihoods in Indonesia, future management strategies should include regulations on catch size and management practices, data collection, promotion of sustainable fishing practices, and research on Sipuncula biology and ecology. Addressing these knowledge gaps will help to ensure the sustainable use and conservation of Sipuncula in Indonesia.
Predicting Ocean Current Temperature Off the East Coast of America with XGBoost and Random Forest Algorithms Using Rstudio Alfaris, Lulut; Firdaus, Anas Noor; Nyuswantoro, Ukta Indra; Siagian, Ruben Cornelius; Muhammad, Aldi Cahya; Hassan, Rohana; Aunzo, Jr., Rodulfo T.; Ariefka, Reza
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 2 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.2.273-284

Abstract

This research investigates the comparative predictive efficacy of two leading machine learning methodologies, specifically the XGBoost and Random Forest models, in estimating ocean temperature dynamics in the TS Gulf Stream and Labrador Current regions along the east coast of North America. Using annual temperature datasets and relevant oceanographic parameters, the data is carefully processed, cleaned and sorted into training and test subsets via the RStudio Platform. The performance evaluation model is carried out using predetermined machine learning assessment criteria, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and R-squared. The results show the superiority of the XGBoost model compared to Random Forest in terms of prediction accuracy and minimizing prediction errors. The XGBoost model shows lower MSE values and higher R-squared values than the Random Forest model, indicating its better capacity in explaining data variations. XGBoost consistently provides more accurate predictions and shows higher sensitivity in identifying important factors influencing ocean temperature fluctuations than Random Forest. This research significantly improves understanding and prognostic capabilities regarding ocean temperature dynamics in the TS Gulf Stream and Labrador Current regions. Empirical evidence underlines the efficacy of the XGBoost model in predicting ocean temperatures in the studied region. Continuous model evaluation and parameter refinement for both methodologies is critical to establishing standards for optimal prediction performance. The findings of this research have implications for the fields of oceanography and climate science, and offer potential pathways to comprehensively understand and mitigate the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems.
Profiling of Seawater Bacterial Diversity in Tanjung Mas Port Using 16S rRNA eDNA Metabarcoding and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Anggoro, Naufal Sebastian; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti; Budiharjo, Anto; Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Zainuri, Muhammad; Hadibarata, Tony
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.61-70

Abstract

Tanjung Emas Port is the entry and exit point for trade commodities, both regional and international filled with many ships. This condition makes biofouling a very massive process in that place by various types of marine bacteria. The initial formation of a biofilm is relevant to bacterial diversity, colonization and adhesion. The objective of the study was assessing bacterial diversity in relation to with biofouling within Tanjung Mas Port Semarang, by using 16S rRNA eDNA metabarcoding Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Seawater samples from aquatic sites of Tanjung Mas harbor was used for DNA extraction and amplification of the 16S rRNA V-3-V4 hypervariable region, followed by sequencing and library construction of eDNA Metabarcoding. Sequence processing and analysis was performed in QIIME 2 and RStudio using DADA2 for advanced sequencing processing and Phyloseq. The results of this research showed that bacteria is the predominant taxon constituting 100% of the community. The taxon consists of Proteobacteria (49.38%), Bacteroidota (8.67%), and Firmicutes (8.88%). Alphaproteobacteria (20.92%) and Gammaproteobacteria (12.39%) dominate at the Class level, emphasizing their versatility and ecological influence. At the Order and Family levels reveals the prevalence of Rhodobacterales (10.04%), Chitinophagales (2.53%), Rhizobiales (3.61%), Rhodobacteraceae (5.67%), Saprospiraceae (3.63%), and Rhizobiaceae (2.15%). It was found that the unculturable taxa dominance in Tanjung Mas Port was 44.66%. These taxonomic entities contribute significantly to the taxonomic and functional diversity of the microbial community, influencing nutrient cycling, organic matter degradation, ecosystem stability and biofilm formation.
A Review: Modern Coral Characterization Studies in Malaysia Misman, Nurul Nadiah; Zakariah, Muhammad Noor Amin; Wan Saelan, Wan Nurzalia; Shaari, Hasrizal; Mohd Noh, Khairul Arifin
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 4 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.4.351-368

Abstract

Coral reefs are highly diverse and productive ecosystem in the ocean that provides various goods services to human and environment. Located within the renowned ‘Coral Triangle’ region, Malaysia is one the thriving countries in Southeast Asia that possess rich marine resources and coral reefs. Like other coral reef around the world, coral reefs in Malaysia are exposed to multiple threat that jeopardize their well-being. Those relying on these ecosystems may face severe consequences if they are lost. In recent decades, research on characterizing modern coral reefs has increased in Malaysia, including identifying key species and their distribution, understanding the factors that control coral growth and assessing the impacts of environmental stressors on reef health. This study is aimed to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of modern coral characterization studies conducted in Malaysia. It presents the distribution maps of these coral reef studies conducted throughout Malaysia and discusses the techniques employed to characterize them. Most of the studies was conducted in South China Sea, particularly in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia with Tioman Island, Pahang being identified as having the greatest number of studies. And, visual assessment have the higher frequency of use in characterizing Malaysia coral reef. Going forward, future studies in Malaysia should continue to explore others Malaysia reef, and techniques for characterizing coral reefs, while also conduct more studies in locations with limited research. These studies could have served as foundation resource for future conservation efforts in the face of ongoing threat and challenges.
Chemical Profiles and Biological Activities of Microalga Chlorella sp. from Southeast Sulawesi Haslianti, Haslianti; Asnani, Asnani; Fristiohady, Adryan; Sadarun, Baru; Sutariati, Gusti Ayu Kade; Sundowo, Andini; Yodha, Agung Wibawa Mahatva; Baharum, Syarul Nataqain; Idin, Sahidin
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 2 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.2.233-240

Abstract

Microalgae Chlorella sp. grows in the seas of South-East Sulawesi, Indonesia. However, information on the chemical and pharmaceutical aspects of this species from this region is still limited. Therefore, this research aims to explore the chemical contents and biological activities of Chlorella sp. The sample was collected from the Kali Biru and Nambo waters, Kendari. The microalgae were isolated by the agar plating technique and extracted by ethanol. Chemical content was analyzed by phytochemical screening, Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS), Total Phenolics Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoids Contents (TFC). Biological activities evaluation includes antioxidant, toxicity, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial. Antioxidant potency was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid). Toxicity and cytotoxicity properties were analyzed by BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) and MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays against Breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Antimicrobial potency was tested towards E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans. The result showed that ethanol extract of Chlorella sp. (EEC) contained phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids/steroids which were supported by LC-MS/MS data, TPC and TFC with value 150.33 and 33.18 mgGAE.g-1 extract. Seven of ten identified major compounds caused this extract to have antioxidant and anticancer including xanthin, 1,1-Diethyl-3-oxo-2- triazanolate, Azelaic acid, ruspolinone, 6-keto prostaglandin F1a and glycol stearate. In general, the biological activity of EEC is less active than the positive controls for each assay. However, the EEC is more potential to be developed as antioxidant such as sunscreen and anticancer especially breast cancer with IC50 value 151-200 ppm and 100-500 ppm, respectively. 
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Potential Sources in Sediments of Plawangan Timur, Segara Anakan, Cilacap: Occurrence and Distribution Haris, Abdul; El Mouchtari, El Mountassir; Nurshofia, Winarni; Putranto, Yogi; Hidayat, Rizqi Rizaldi; Husni, Iqbal Ali; Hendrayana, Hendrayana; Mahdiana, Arif; Sulistyo, Isdy; Hidayati, Nuning Vita
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.3.393-402

Abstract

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have the potential to contaminate the coastal area of Plawangan Timur, Cilacap, Indonesia. Therefore, this research aims to determine the composition, distribution, source, and contamination level of PAHs in this region. Sediment samples were taken at seven stations. The research findings indicate that among the 16 types of PAHs, the proportion of each PAH varied between 3-12%. Notably, Benzo(a) Pyrene (BaP) had the highest proportion at 12%, while Naphthalene had the lowest proportion at 3%. According to the distribution pattern, PAHs with a high molecular weight (HMW) are more prevalent than those with a low molecular weight (LMW). The total amount of PAHs ranged from 185 to 1289.9 mg.kg-1 (dw), with an average of 1016.97 mg.kg-1 (dw). Using a diagnostic ratio, it was determined that the origin of the PAHs was either petrogenic, pyrogenic, mixed petrogenic and pyrogenic, or pyrolytic. As a result, Plawangan Timur's degree of pollution was classified as a very high polluted. The average concentration value of each PAHs is higher than the values for the Effect Range Low (ERL) and Effect Range Median (ERM) ranges, indicated there is a significant ecological risk that could have negative consequences on marine life and the ecosystem. It is urgently to handle PAHs pollution due to their relatively high content in sediments. This can be achieved by improving the management of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for industry, optimizing the role of mangrove forests in reducing pollution in the waters, as well as building and increasing collaboration between related agencies in the prevention of marine oil spills.
Multitemporal Analysis of Seagrass Dynamics on Derawan Island (2003–2021) Using Remote Sensing Techniques Fadhlurahman, Yusuf Nauval; Manessa, Masita Dwi Mandini; Semedi, Jarot Mulyo; Efriana, Anisya Feby; Haidar, Muhammad
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.1-14

Abstract

The shallow waters around Derawan Island are renowned for their beauty, attracting a significant number of tourists. Since the 2008 National Sports Week (PON) in East Kalimantan, the construction of inns and jetties has enhanced both accommodation and accessibility on the island. However, this development has also impacted the seagrass beds in the surrounding shallow waters. This study examines the changes in the area and density of seagrass beds from 2003 (prior to the PON activities) through to 2011 (a few years post-PON) and in 2021 (the most recent conditions), assessing the effects of lodging and jetty construction on these beds. Data were collected via field surveys using the photo transect method, and the benthic habitat map was created using Landsat 8 OLI Imagery, applying the Lyzenga water column correction algorithm and unsupervised classification method. The Normalized Difference Building Index (NDBI) algorithm and land digitization were utilized to track the development of the inns and jetties, revealing a rapid, widespread increase in construction throughout the island's southern region (R-square = 0.59). The study findings indicate a significant degradation of seagrass meadows between 2003 and 2021, particularly near populated areas on the southern coast, resulting in decreased density levels.
Characteristic of Microplastic on Coral Reef Sediment and Sea Urchin (Diadema sp.) in Tidung Island, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia Sulistiowati, Sulistiowati; Zamani, Neviaty Putri; Bengen, Dietriech Geofrfey; Lim, Cheng Ling; Cordova, Muhammad Reza
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 4 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.4.289-300

Abstract

Microplastics are recognized as common contaminants of coral ecosystem in Tidung Island, affecting both sediment and sea urchins residing in this environment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the characteristics of microplastics found in sediment, the mouth, and the digestive system of sea urchins (Diadema sp.), assessing the relationship between coral cover percentage and microplastic type and size, and the transfer of microplastics from sediment to sea urchins. Sampling was conducted twice, namely in October 2021 and October 2022. Microplastics in sediments were extracted using ZnCl2. The destruction process of sea urchins used 30% H2O2 and FeSO4.7H2O, while the microplastics were identified with Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).  The results showed that the microplastics found in the sediments and sea urchins were similar in terms of shape, color, size, and plastic polymers. The forms of microplastics found in this study were fibre, fragment, and foam with fibre predominance, based on the results obtained. The size of microplastics found in sediments and sea urchins was dominated by sizes >1000 µm. Fibres were found in hard coral (HC) and dead coral (DC) conditions while fragments and foams were present in turf algae (TA), sponge (SP), and soft coral (SC) conditions. The microplastics found in sea urchins originate in part from sediments because they have similar characteristics. Sea urchins ingested microplastics from sediment, particularly those grown by algae as a food source. The increase in the number of microplastics found in sediment could potentially result in higher abundance in the biota.
Acoustic Detection and Quantification of Fish in Lancang Waters of Seribu Islands, Indonesia Purnawan, Syahrul; Manik, Henry M.; Manik, Agustina Sartika; Elson, La; Kang, Myounghee
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 2 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.2.181-190

Abstract

Sound propagates effectively through the water column, establishing hydroacoustic technology as a premier method for underwater exploration, including the mapping of aquatic ecological resources. While the fisheries sector is considered pivotal in aquatic resource studies, mapping fisheries remains challenging due to the distinct distribution patterns exhibited by fish within the water column, which are intricately linked to their habitat preferences. In this study, the hydroacoustic method was employed to analyze the distribution of fish in the waters surrounding Lancang Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta.  This analysis utilized the target strength (TS) value alongside oceanographic parameters. Acoustic data was collected using a 200 kHz single beam echosounder based on parallel transects encircling the waters of Lancang Island. CTD was utilized to collect oceanographic data to acquire temperature and salinity profiles within the water column. The acoustic data processing was conducted using the post-processing software SONAR 5-pro. The analysis was performed based on acoustic cells, obtained by dividing segments every 100 m horizontally and layers every 5 m vertically, thereby obtaining the Target Strength per cell (TSc) and volume backscattering strength (SV) values from each cell. The results showed that the highest average TSc value was found in the depth range of 26-31 m at -46.98 dB, and the highest SED biomass was also found in the same depth range at 26.6 kg.ha-1. Based on the analysis of water temperature and salinity, it was found that these factors significantly influence the distribution of fish in the waters of Lancang Island (R-square= 0.1276 and P< 0.05). This finding also indicates the presence of other parameters affecting fish distribution in Lancang waters, with the type of substrate and habitat emerging as potential determining factors, notably in coral reef environments.  

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