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INDONESIA
TEKNIK
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08521697     EISSN : 24609919     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu rekayasa/keteknikan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal TEKNIK meliputi hasil-hasil penelitian ilmiah asli (prioritas utama), artikel ulasan ilmiah yang bersifat baru (tidak prioritas), atau komentar atau kritik terhadap tulisan ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Jurnal TEKNIK.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Perbaikan Kualitas Energi Biomassa Kayu Jati Menggunakan Torefaksi Microwave Untuk Produksi Bioarang Lukas Kano Mangalla; Raden Rinova Sisworo; Luther Pagiling
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i1.48278

Abstract

Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk perbaikan kualitas biomassa limbah kayu jati melalui proses torefaksi microwave dan mengamati parameter penting untuk meningkatkan densitas energi dan energy efisiensi dari bahan baku dalam menghasilkan bioarang berkualitas. Pengujian ini dilakukan dalam sebuah tabung reaktor 250 mL yang diletakkan dalam pemanas microwave dengan mengalirkan gas inert dan non-inert. Pemanas microwave yang digunakan beroperasi pada frekuensi 2,45GHz dengan variasi daya masing-masing 540W, 720W, dan 900W. Selama proses torefaksi gas nitrogen (inert) dialirkan ke dalam reaktor dengan Laju 0,125 mL/min dan untuk media udara (non-inert) dialirkan secara alami. Pengamatan terhadap temperatur dalam reaktor dilakukan setiap kenaikan 0.5 menit selama 20 menit menggunakan termokopel Type-K. Perubahan massa dan sifat produk torefaksi diamati dan dianalisis untuk memprediksi korelasi kenaikan nilai kalor, massa dan energi tersisa dengan daya operasi pemanasan microwave. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan meningkatnya daya operasi torefaksi microwave maka nilai kalor dan densitas energi bahan produk meningkat signifikan sedangkan massa sisa dan energi tersisa cenderung menurun. Media udara sangat potensial sebagai pengganti gas nitrogen yang mahal untuk melakukan torefaksi microwave biomassa kayu jati.
Manajemen Komunikasi Proyek Konstruksi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Indra Jaya; Gina Cynthia Raphita Hasibuan; Dian Morfi Nasution
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i1.45512

Abstract

Pejabat Pembuat Komiten (PPK) merupakan utusan dari pemerintah dalam menjalankan kegiatan konstruksi mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan. Dalam menjalankan kegiatannya diperlukan suatu manajemen komunikasi yang baik agar seluruh kegiatan proyek dapat dipertanggungjawabkan dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur (semi-structured in-depth interview) kepada PPK tentang bagaimana sistem manajamen komunikasi di saat sebelum pandemi dan saat pandemi sedang berlangsung. Permasalahan yang ditemukan saat ini adalah sistem manajemen komunikasi proyek belum terlaksana dengan baik. Hal ini terbukti dengan adanya hal-hal yang tidak sesuai harapan PPK ketika menghadapi dan mengarahkan penyedia barang dan jasa. Untuk mendukung sistem manajemen komunikasi yang baik diperlukan suatu sistem terintegrasi mulai dari pembuatan firma/perusahaan, verifikasi lapangan dalam pemilihan penyedia jasa, evaluasi perpanjangan izin perusahaan. Ini bertujuan agar pengguna jasa mendapatkan calon penyedia jasa yang tepat dan, sesuai harapan. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem informasi teknologi yang mampu mengintegrasikan seluruh mekanisme yang dibuat. Selain itu diperlukan payung hukum terkait adanya usulan dan mekanisme baru yang dibuat.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor yang Berpengaruh dalam Implementasi Konsep Green Untuk Peningkatan Kinerja Biaya menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) Iwan Kurniawan; Albert Eddy Husin
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i1.49522

Abstract

Pembangunan bangunan pabrik yang menerapkan konsep Green sangat dibutuhkan, hal ini sesuai misi dari Sustainable Development Goals 2030, bahwa pada tahun 2030 bangunan baru berkonsep green sebesar 100% dan bangunan eksisting sebesar 60%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam penerapan Konsep Green terhadap Kinerja Biaya Berbasis Value Engineering dan Life Cycle Cost Analysis dengan mengambil objek pada Bangunan Utama Flour Mill Plant dengan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modelling – Part Least Square (SEM-PLS). Dari penelitian tersebut terdapat 10 faktor yang paling berpengaruh, yaitu; Performance proyek manajer dengan tingkat pengaruh 88,4%, Perhitungan efisiensi energi dengan tingkat pengaruh 88,1%, Spesifikasi teknis dengan tingkat pengaruh 86,8%, Penyediaan lahan parkir dengan tingkat pengaruh 84,6%, Aturan pendukung dengan tingkat pengaruh 82,8%, Sumber air dengan tingkat pengaruh 82,2%, Fungsi analisis dengan tingkat pengaruh 80,6%, Penerapan sistem penangangan sampah dengan tingkat pengaruh 75,9%, Pemilihan material alternatif 73,1%, dan Biaya energi dengan tingkat pengaruh 72,4%.
Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Solution Treatment pada Kekerasan dan Presipitat Paduan Co-30Cr-5Mo-0,32C-0,23N Fendy Rokhmanto; Malau Daniel Panghihutan; Ariani Pradhita Putri; Benidiktus Tulung Prayoga; Ika Kartika; Aprilia Erryani; Made Subekti Dwijaya; Galih Senopati; Albertus Deny Heri Setyawan; Cahya Sutowo
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 1 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i1.49496

Abstract

Paduan kobal banyak digunakan sebagai material implan orthopaedi karena faktor biokompatibilitas material, ketahanan korosi, sifat mekanis yang baik, dan juga sifat mampu bentuknya. Pada penelitian ini nilai kekerasan dimodifikasi melalui proses heat treatment. Proses heat treatment diharapkan dapat menurunkan nilai kekerasan paduan. Paduan Co-30Cr-5Mo-0.32C-0.23N hasil coran dihomogenisasi pada temperatur 1200 ºC selama 12 jam dalam atmosfer argon. Kemudian paduan di-hot roll dengan preheat selama 1 jam pada temperatur 1250 ºC. Lalu dilakukan proses solution treatment dengan variasi temperatur 1200, 1250, 1300 ºC, selama 30 menit dalam atmosfer argon kemudian di-quenching. Karakterisasi paduan dengan pengamatan metalografi, SEM dan kekerasan memakai metode Vickers. Berdasarkan analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai kekerasan turun dan morfologi presipitat berubah dari starlike-dense pada kondisi setelah roll menjadi starlike-stripes pada kondisi setelah solution treatment dengan temperatur 1250 ºC, serta jenis presipitat dari M23X6 pada kondisi as cast menjadi M7X3 pada kondisi setelah solution treatment. Demikian halnya dengan nilai kekerasan, turun hingga 392,5 HV pada kondisi solution treatment dengan temperatur 1250 ºC
Peningkatan Identifikasi Kanker Kulit Actinic Keratosis Menggunakan Kombinasi Sistem Ekstraksi dengan Klasifikasi Support Vector Machine Leonardus Sandy Ade Putra; Vincentius Abdi Gunawan; Agus Sehatman Saragih
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.44895

Abstract

Nowadays, humans tend to carry out activities during the day, both indoors and outdoors. Activities carried out outdoors cause human skin to often receive direct exposure to sunlight, which contains ultraviolet (UV) rays. Direct exposure to UV rays on the skin will harm the skin's health, which is the covering of the human body. Harmful effects on the skin usually include the skin becoming dark and dull, burns, and even causes cancer. One of the skin cancers that may appear on human skin is Actinic Keratosis (AK) cancer. AK cancer is a type of cancer that is classified as benign and can be cured with medical help. However, if this cancer is not caught early, it can become Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), a type of malignant cancer. This research aims to design a system for identifying AK cancer types using color and texture feature extraction. RGB color feature extraction is obtained from image color segmentation and RGB values. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method is used to determine the texture of the skin cancer. Identification is carried out by a classification process using a Support Vector Machine (SVM), which can recognize the type of AK cancer. This research uses three classification methods: classification with color extraction, classification with texture extraction, and classification with color and texture extraction. Research shows that the highest level of accuracy in cancer recognition reaches 96% by combining color and texture extraction results as classification determinants. So, the system designed has succeeded in recognizing the type of AK cancer early on..
Mg-0.5Ca-4Zn-xCaCO3 (x=8, 10) Alloy Foams with Closed-Pore Structure Synthesized by Powder Metallurgy Process for Implant Applications Aprilia Erryani; Franciska Pramuji Lestari; Joko Triwardono; Bunga Rani Elvira; Bintoro Siswayanti; Albertus Deny Hadi Setiawan
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.49587

Abstract

This work aims to synthesize Mg-0.5Ca-4Zn alloy foams using a CaCO3 foaming agent and a powder metallurgy (PM) process. Mg-0.5Ca-4Zn-xCaCO3 (x=8, 10 wt.%) alloy precursors were prepared by mixing Mg, Ca, and Zn metal powders with CaCO3 granules, compacting, and then sintering at various temperatures (i.e., 650, 675, and 700 °C) for 5 hours in an argon atmosphere. The pore morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the phase formation was analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The density and porosity were evaluated using an Archimedes test (ASTM B311-93). The compressive strength was examined using a universal testing machine (UTM) with a constant crosshead speed of 1.3 mm/min (ASTM D695-02). SEM observation reveals the formation of pores with a closed-cell type structure in all alloy compositions. Increasing either the CaCO3 content or sintering temperature results in an increase in porosity and pore sizes but a decrease in compressive strength. The maximum porosity of 43.208% was obtained in the alloy foam with 10 wt.% CaCO3 sintered at 700 °C; the foam exhibits a compressive strength of 52.9 MPa, close to cancellous bone.
Analisis Kestabilan Lereng untuk Evaluasi Geometri Lereng Menggunakan Metode RMR, SMR, dan Morgenstern-Price pada Pit C2 dan C4 Tambang Timah Terbuka Blok Mayang PT Menara Cipta Mulia, Kabupaten Belitung Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Zulfa Nindya Salsabila; Thomas Triadi Putranto; Najib Najib
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.57004

Abstract

Tin mining activities using an open pit mining system can affect slope stability and increase landslide risk. Slope stability analysis needs to be done to minimize the occurrence of landslides. This study aimed to determine engineering geological settings, and rock mass conditions, find slope safety factor values, as well as provide slope geometry recommendations according to the minimum Safety Factor (SF)  value criteria ≥1,25. The research area is an area with complex materials, so in this study slope stability analysis was carried out by combining rock mass classification methods through Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Slope Mass Rating (SMR), and calculating the value of the Safety Factor (SF) using the Morgenstern-Price method with the Generalized Hoek-Brown and Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. The analysis results obtained three geological engineering zones: meta sandstone- meta claystone, silty sandstone, and sandy claystone. The condition of the rock mass according to the RMR value, is in the moderate to good class. It has an SMR value of partially stable stability. Areas with the potential for landslides, namely STA 2 on sections B-B' with toppling type, STA 3 on sections C-C' and STA 4 on sections D-D'  with wedge type. According to the SF value, there are two unstable slopes during partially saturated conditions: sections A-A' and B-B'. The recommended slope geometry is with a minimum width of 2/3 of the height, where in partially saturated conditions, the slope has a single angle of  35 - 400, 5 m high, with an overall slope angle of 320 and 16 m high. In dry conditions, a single slope angle of 550, 6 m high with all slope angles of 370 and 15 m high.
Produksi dan Karakterisasi Material Komposit Peredam Suara Berbahan Serat Alam dengan Metode Sintetik Hand Lay-Up Rifnaldi Sadik; Rizka Amalia
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.52931

Abstract

Noise pollution is a loud sound emitted by a device that can disturb the environment and living things. Therefore, development is needed to manufacture sound absorbers with aesthetic value and comfort and still have good sound absorption from natural fiber composite materials. Composites are materials that can be developed universally. Composites are formed from the combination of two or more materials, producing a new material with different mechanical properties and characteristics from its constituent materials. This research aims to make sound absorption composites from various natural fibers (honey pineapple leaf fiber, spiked pandanus leaf fiber, and jute waste fiber) and matrix variations (epoxy and polyester) with a fiber = resin ratio of 40%: 60% and 60%: 40%. The first treatment was alkalization with 5% NaOH for fiber retrieval, then mixing natural fibers and matrix variations with the Hand Lay-Up method. The transmission loss method, density test, and SEM carried out the sound absorption test. The results showed that the best sound-absorbing composite was the spiked pandanus leaf fiber with polyester resin with a ratio of 60% fiber = resin: 40%, where the transmission loss results reached 28 dB. This is because the fiber dominates the resin to form a hole or porosity; increasing porosity affects the sound absorption ability of a material.
Analisis Infrastruktur Pendukung Angkutan Umum Regional Berbasis Karakteristik Daerah terhadap Efektifitas dan Efisiensi Angkutan Umum (Studi Kasus: Trans Jateng Koridor 1 Semarang-Bawen) Ismiyati Ismiyati; Nuriyana Wahida Azka; Bambang Riyanto; Kami Hari Basuki
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.55801

Abstract

Congestion is a problem that affects many big cities in Indonesia, including Semarang City and Semarang Regency. Congestion is a result of the increasing population of Semarang City and Semarang Regency. Congestion increases in line with the development of business activities, housing, and offices, as well as the growth in motor vehicle use. Various ways attempted to overcome this. This includes sustainable mass transportation. Sustainable mass transportation has great potential in reducing congestion in big cities. An example of its application is Trans Central Java. It is used as mass transportation in Central Java Province, including the Semarang – Bawen route. On this route itself, traffic jams often occur, due to the high level of private vehicle use. Improving services and mass transportation infrastructure facilities, it is hoped that it will attract people's interest in moving to use mass transportation. This study aims to identify the supporting infrastructure for Trans Jateng Corridor 1 and analyze its influence on the effectiveness and efficiency of regional public transport. The method used in this study is computer simulation if the infrastructure is developed to be environmentally friendly based on regional characteristics and private vehicle users switch to regional public transportation Trans Jateng Corridor 1. The simulation results show that the movement of private vehicle users by 50%, 60%, and 70 % will affect the effectiveness and efficiency of Trans Jateng regional public transport services by 44% and reduce the level of congestion with an average indication of the Degree of Saturation (DS) of 0.37. The conclusion drawn is that integrated infrastructure based on regional characteristics will increase the effectiveness and efficiency of Trans Jateng regional public transport services. The recommendation from this study is that to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of regional public transport services, it is necessary to develop integrated infrastructure based on regional characteristics.
Analisis Cacat Pengecoran, Kekuatan Tarik, dan Kekerasan Logam Paduan AlSi Hasil Pengecoran Metode Sand Casting dengan Variasi Pengikat Lempung Lokal Bangkalan Imam Muhtarom; Dwi Rahdiyanta
TEKNIK Vol. 44, No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v44i2.42147

Abstract

This study aims to determine the casting defects, tensile strength, and hardness of the AlSi alloy obtained in the Sand Casting method with Bangkalan local clay as a binder. This experimental research uses the one-shot case study method in which a group of samples is given treatment. Furthermore, the research results were analyzed and described descriptively. This study uses three independent variables and three dependent variables. The independent variable is the local Bangkalan clay binder with varying percentages of 6%, 9%, and 12%, while the dependent variable is casting defects, tensile strength, and metal hardness. The research results show that the lowest casting defects are obtained on the AlSi metal surface, with a variation in the percentage of the binder of 12% with a total of 76 hole defects and 80-grain structure defects. At the same time, the highest tensile strength value is obtained in AlSi metal with a binder variation of 12% with a value of 11.188 kgf/mm². The highest hardness value is also obtained in AlSi metal, with a binder variation of 12% with a value of 131.9 HV. This study concludes that using local Bangkalan clay binder in 12% is the best sand mold binder variation compared to 6% and 9% binder variations.

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