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Pengaruh konseling laktasi intensif terhadap pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif sampai 3 bulan Ambarwati, Ria; Muis, Siti Fatimah; Susanti, Purwanti
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background : In 2010 within the area of Semarang Municipality, exclusive breastfeeding by mothers to their babies reachesÂ up to only 20,06%. One of the problems was the lack of lactation counseling especially by the health service institutions. Objectives: To reveal the effect of intensive lactation counseling on exclusive breastfeeding up to 3 months. Method: This research study was designed as a quasi-experiment of non-equivalent control group. The population of this study was a group of mothers who were in the 7th to 8th months of pregnancy bearing the second child or more. The number of the subjects was 25 mothers who were grouped into 2: the experimental groups of 12(n=12) and 27 control group of 13 (n=13). The group underwent a treatment of intensive lactation counseling of 9 times on 2 stages, the first was four-time treatments during the medical examination on their pregnancy of 7th â€“ 8th months. The second stage of treatments was done by home visit for 5 times during week 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 after giving birth by certified lactation counselors for 40 work hours. These counselors had the experience of at least 5 clients counseling. The control group had the usual counseling that they normally received from the midwives at the Health Primary Center andÂ private midwives nearby. Results: The group without intensive lactation counseling showed no gain of knowledge, attitude towards early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, breastmilk and no increase of the number of exclusive breastfeeding on their babies prior to and during the study. The group with intensive lactation breastfeeding shows a significant gain of knowledge, positive attitude towards early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, breastmilk and significant increase of the number of exclusive breastfeeding for 3 months on their babies that born prior to and during the study from 2(16,7%) to 10(83,3%). Conclusion: Intensive lactation counseling increases the practice of exclusive breastfeeding up to 3 months. Keywords : intensive lactation counseling, exclusive lactation breastfeeding, 3 months

Hubungan pola asuh dengan kejadian stunting balita dari keluarga miskin di Kota Palembang Bella, Febriani Dwi; Fajar, Nur Alam; Misnaniarti, Misnaniarti
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Nutritional problems do not always occur in poor families, in fact many of under five years in poor families in good nutritional status which have normal height (not stunting) based on the parenting in the family. The positive parenting in poor families are feeding habit, parenting habit, hygiene habit and health services habit. Objectives: This research aim to observe the parenting of feeding habits, parenting habits, hygiene habits and health services habits on the incidence of toddlerâ€™s stunting on poor families in the city of Palembang.Methods: This research was an observational study which using a quantitative approach with a Cross Sectional Study design. It took 100 mothers who have children aged 24-59 months from poor families in the city of Palembang were chosen by proportional random sampling.Data taken regarding feeding habits, parenting habits, hygiene habits, and health services habits obtained through questionnaires, and the incidence of child stunting obtained from measurements of children's height using a toddler's height measurement tool. Data analysis to observe the relationship between variables using the Chi-Square test.Results: The results showed the proportion of toddler stunting in poor families in the city of Palembang was 29%. There was a significant correlation between feeding habits (p-value = 0.000); parenting habits (p-value = 0.001; hygiene habits (p-value = 0.021) and health services habits (p-value = 0.000) on the incidence of toddlerâ€™s stunting.Conclusion: Normal height (not stunting) toddlers have positive deviance of feeding habits, parenting habits, hygiene habits and health services habits better than stunting under five years with same economic backgrounds family

Prevalensi dan jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak usia 9-11 tahun dengan perawakan pendek di Kabupaten Brebes Rahmadi, Farid Agung; Hardaningsih, Galuh; Pratiwi, Rina
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Latar belakang. Diperkirakan prevalensi masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak adalah sebesar 20%. Terdapat berbagai macam jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku seperti gangguan emosi, gangguan perilaku, hiperaktif, dan masalah dengan teman sebaya. Masalah emosional dan perilaku dipengaruhi oleh multifaktor yang masing-masing dapat berdiri sendiri atau saling mempengaruhi. Nutrisi dan stimulasi yang adekuat sebagai dasar perkembangan anak wajib diberikan secara optimal. Perawakan pendek merupakan salah satu bentuk dari gangguan nutrisi kronik yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak. Mengingat penatalaksanaan masalah emosional dan perilaku tidak dapat dilaksanakan sebelum dilakukannya identifikasi jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku, maka identifkasi jenis masalahÂ emosional dan perilaku penting untuk dilakukan.Tujuan penelitian. Mengetahui prevalensi danÂ jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku yang terjadi pada anak dengan perawakan pendek.Metode penelitian. Merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di beberapa sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Brebes. Subyek penelitian adalah anak berperawakan pendek umur 9-11 tahun. Variabel yang diteliti adalah masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak perwakan pendek menggunakan kuesioner SDQ. Hasil Penelitian. Sebanyak 70 anak perawakan pendek terdiri dari 30(42.85%) anak perempuan, dengan rerata umur subyek 121.14Â±6.62 bulan. SubyekÂ dengan nilai total kesulitan abnormal sebanyak 6(8%) dan borderline 28(40%). Skala gangguan emosi abnormal sebanyak 17(24.2%) dan borderline 12(17.1%). Subyek dengan skala masalah perilaku abnormal sebanyak 19(27.1%) dan borderline sebanyak 21(30%). SubyekÂ dengan skor masalah dengan teman sebaya dalam klasifikasi abnormal sebanyak 23(32.8%) dan borderline 18(25.7%).Simpulan. Prevalensi masalah emosional dan perilaku yang terjadi pada anak dengan perawakan pendek lebih tinggi daripada prevalensi masalah emosional dan perilaku pada populasi anak normal. Urutan jenis masalah yang paling tinggi adalah masalah dengan teman sebaya, kemampuan prososial yang kurang, masalah perilaku dan emosi.

Peran modul MP-ASI dalam perilaku pemberian MP-ASI pada ibu anak bawah dua tahun (BADUTA) SP, Sri Hapsari; Margawati, Ani; Nugraheni, SA.
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 5, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

BackgroundÂ :Â LackÂ ofÂ complementary feeding behavior is one of the problems in Indonesia. Nutrition education about complementary feeding among mother from infants aged 6-24 months should be carried out to support compelementary feeding behavior. Module with an easily language punctuated by images and can be learned at home is expected to incerase complementary feeding behavior among mothers from child under two years old.Method : The design of this research was quasi-experimental with non-randomized pre-test and post-testÂ controlÂ groupÂ design. Training of complementary feedings module were given for four meetings. The annalyze were conducted by SPSS program.Â ResultÂ : This study found that the median age of subjects between two group are adults. The median duration of education are 9 years. There was no difference of Financial families outcome in the both of groups is low. Nutrition education with module can increase complementary feeding behavior at intervention group Â and the improvement of this scores better than control group. Complementary feeding behavior retention increased significantÂ among 2 weeks and 1 month after intervention.Conclusion : Nutrition education with module contribute to improve complementary feeding behavior among mothers from child under two years old.

Asupan mikronutrien sebagai faktor risiko kejadian sindrom pramenstruasi pada wanita vegetarian Renata, Maria Dolorosa Sus; Widyastuti, Nurmasari; Nissa, Choirun
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 6, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background : Inadequate of vitamin B6, magnesium, zinc, and calcium intake and a lower body mass index can lead to Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in vegetarian woman. The objective of this study was to determine the association between micronutrients intake, nutritional status and PMS among vegetarian women.Objectives : The objective of this study was to determine the association between micronutrients intake, nutritional status and PMS among vegetarian women.Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted to 44 vegetarians women.Subjects of this study were collected consecutively. Dietary intake were measured by Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ). Score of PMS were measured by Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (sPAF).Physical activity were measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Score of stress level were measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (PSS-10). Data were analyzed by Chi Square test and ratio prevalence to determine the risk factor.Results : There were 54.55% of subject have a moderate PMS level. There were a correlation between vitamin B6 and PMS (p=0.019;RP=2.96;95%CI=0.9-10), magnesium and PMS (p=0.033;RP=3.8;95%CI=0.6-23), zinc and PMS (p=0.002;RP=6.17;95%CI=0.9-39), physical activity and PMS (p=0.033;RP=3.79;95%CI=0.6-23), stress level and PMS(p=0.045;RP=0.39;95%CI=0.1-1.3). There were no correlation between calcium intake and PMS (p=0.211;RP=1.816;95%;CI=0.569-5.794), BMI and PMS (p=0.355;RP=0.753;95 %; CI=1.443).Conclusion : Intake of vitamin B6, magnesium and zinc, physical activity and stress level were correlated to PMS. Calcium intake and BMI were not correlated to PMS.

Studi kualitatif faktor yang mempengaruhi orang tua dalam pemberian makan anak autis Camelia, Rusda; Wijayanti, Hartanti Sandi; Nissa, Choirun
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have problem in metabolism which makes them have limited food intake. The implementation of the diet is influenced by eating behaviors in children with ASD and parents in feeding children.Objective: This study was to analyze eating behaviors and factors influencing parents on childâ€™s feeding.Methods: This quallitative study was using in-dept interviews to parents as informants. Observations related to children's eating habits and behaviors also conducted in this study. FFQ was also conducted to measure gluten and casein consumptions. The retrieval of subjects through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, there was 8 children with ASD aged 6-14 years old with their care taker as informans who were willing to join this study. Results: Children with ASD have unique food preferention and able to expres hunger and satiety amid the limitatins of social interaction. Gluten intake is more often consumed (26,63 times/week) than casein (5,25 times/week). 25% parents are implementating the diet and based on knowledges, obey the doctor or terapies, improve childrenâ€™s behavioral experiences after diet, motivation, skills in processing food diets, purchasing power, and family supports. Parents are not implementating the diet because of childrenâ€™s responses, informantâ€™s worries, sibling behaviors who offer non-dietary food, limited dietary food in arround, and limited time to process dietary food.Conclusion: Eating behaviorsâ€™s subject is related to parentâ€™s feeding. Feeding by informants are influenced by childrenâ€™s responses, knowledges, attitudes, experiences and motivations, skills, purchasing power, availability of food, sibling behaviors, time, and family supports. Knowledges, motivations, and family support were the most important factors in feeding children with autism.

Perbedaan perubahan berat badan, aktivitas fisik, dan kontrol glukosa darah antara anggota organisasi penyandang diabetes melitus dan non anggota Kurniawati, Dewi Marfuâ€™ah; Isnawati, M.
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that can not be cured, but the blood glucose levels can be controlled with diabetes management. There is organization in Indonesia for people with diabetes mellitus called Persadia (Persatuan Diabetes Indonesia). Patients who join diabetes peer group is expected to have a better lifestyle. Objective: To determine differences in weight changes, physical activity, and blood glucose control between Persadia members and non members.Method: Cross sectional study, with 42 subjects. The subjects were type 2 DM outpatients in Pantiwilasa Citarum Hospital, choosen by consecutive sampling and devided into 2 groups, Persadia members and non members. Weight changes was the difference of current weight with weight Â from 3 months ago. Physical activity was exercise habits and measured by questionnaire. Blood glucose control was glucose concentrations and measured by HbA1C examination. Statistical analysis used was Chi Square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and Fisher.Result: Persadia group members had more frequent physical activity (52.4%) than non-member groups (9.6%). Based on statistical analysis there is a difference of physical activity between Persadia group members and non members (p = 0,042). While on weight change (p = 0,537) and blood glucose control (p = 0,663) there was no difference between Persadia member and non member.Conclusion: There is a difference between Persadia members and non-members on physical activity. However, there was no difference in weight change and blood glucose control between Persadia and non-member members.

Potensi yogurt kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L) ditinjau dari sifat organoleptik, kandungan protein, lemak dan flavonoid Putriningtyas, Natalia Desy; Wahyuningsih, Siti
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 6, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Â Yogurt is one of fermented milk products. Yogurt can also be made from red beans milk (Phaseolus vulgaris L). Red beans milk has a better taste and flavor compared to the other legumes. Red beans are a good source of complex carbohydrates, protein, vitamin B, iron, calcium,phosphorus and also rich in fiber and flavonoids. Red beans yogurt is one of the innovations of fermented red beans products. Objective: This study was aimed to determine the differences of red beans yogurt on organoleptic properties, protein, lipid and flavonoid contents. Methods: The study was held in February- September 2017 at Microbiology Laboratory of Center for Food and Nutrition, Gadjah Mada University and Dietetic and Culinary Laboratory of Respati University, Yogyakarta. The study was experimental design using Completely Randomized research Design (CRD) with four treatments, each replicated two times. The formulation of yogurt were A (control from cow milk and 2% skim milk); B (red beans and 2% skim milk); C (red beans and skim milk with comparison 1:0.5); D (red beans and skim milk with comparison 1:1). Hedonic scale test form was used for measuring organoleptic properties, such as flavor, taste, texture, colour and overall organoleptic properties. Hedonic level was done by twenty semi trained panelist. The difference of organoleptic properties were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and continued by Mann Whitney U test. Results: Flavor, color, taste,and texture and overall organoleptic properties between groups were significantly different; p=0.001 respectively. The protein, lipid and flavonoid content between groups were not significantly different; p= 0.083; 0.919; 0.083 respectively. Yogurt C was preferable with a ratio of skim milk to red beans of 1:0.5. The highest protein and fat content was found in yogurt D. The highest flavonoid was found in yogurt C.Â Conclusion: There were no differences in protein, lipid and flavonoid content but different in organoleptic properties.

Berat bayi lahir dan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-59 bulan di Kecamatan Seberang Ulu I Palembang Sari, Indah Purnama; Ardillah, Yustini; Rahmiwati, Anita
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Stunting is an indicator of chronic nutritional problem among children under five years old that influenced by nutrition and health status of mothers not only before and during prenancy but also after delivery. One of the long-term effects of stunting is increasing the risk of obesity and other non-communicable diseases. Low birth weight is one of the causes of stunting which also indicates that the fetus has been malnourished during the womb and stunting is a manifestation of malnutrition for a long time. Objectives: This study aimed to determine of the association between low birth weight and stunting, as well as other variables among children between the ages of 6 to 59 months.Methods: This study used cross sectional design. Samples consisted of about 188 eligible children between the ages of 6 to 59 months which selected using simple random sampling technique. Data of the motherâ€™s, infants and environmental characteristics were obtained through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data on birth weight and length were obtained from interviews and crosscheck from the Maternal and Child Health book or child birth records and data on stunting obtained from height Z-score based on age. Data was analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression test.Results: The prevalence of stunting and low birth weight among children between the ages of 6 to 59 months in Seberang Ulu I subdistrict of Palembang was 39.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Birth weight was related to stunting (95% CI=1.28-2.76; p=0.012) and other variables like infectious diseases in the last 1 month (95% CI=1.13-2.26; p=0.009), maternal height (95% CI=1.10-2.19; p=0.016) and household monthly income (95% CI=1.04-2.28; p=0.024). Conclusion: Children with low birth weight had risk of stunting 2.29 higher than children with normal weight after controlling for other factors such as childâ€™s age, motherâ€™s age during delivery, availability of latrine and household monthly income.

Effect of zinc on milkfish nastar-cookies to albumin and hemoglobin levels in HIV/AIDS patients Hindaryani, Nurul; Sofro, Muchlis Achsan Udji; Agustini, Tri Winarni
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) destroys the antibody system, which causes faster protein breakdown resulting in lower albumin concentration. Zinc supplementation when added to protein in milkfish flour may increase albumin and zinc levels that associated with activity of the aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD) that synthesizes heme. Objectives: This study aimed to prove the effect of zinc and milkfish flour addition on albumin and hemoglobin levels in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods: An experimental study with randomized pre and post-test with the control group design using control subjects (n=17) and treatment (n=21). The administration of milkfish nastar with zinc to treatment group was 100 g/day for 60 days, while the control group was given milkfish nastar without zinc 100 g/day for 60 days. The measurement of albumin level used auto photometric with enzymatic color test methods and reticulated method for hemoglobin level measurement conducted before and after treatments. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, paired t-test, and independent t-test with a significance value at p<0.05. Results: The means of albumin level in the treatment group increased by 7.03%, while the control group increased by 4.33% (p>0.05). Means of hemoglobin level in the treatment group increased by 12.0%, while the control group increased by 7.9% (p<0.05). Conclusion: Albumin and hemoglobin levels increased after milkfish nastar administration with zinc addition in HIV/AIDS patients.

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