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Malnutrition inflammation in chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Adrianto, Yudhi; Utari, Diah M
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 1 (2024): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.1.25-34

Background: Malnutrition was a nutritional problem in hemodialysis with prevalence 50-70% and 2018 study at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital showed the prevalence was 39%.Objectives: This study was team study of Renal and Hypertension Unit RSCM, using cross sectional design, primary data collected in February and May 2018.Materials and Methods: The sample size used a hypothesis test with total sample of 120 patients. Data obtained through interviews and laboratory data obtained through medical records. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis were carried out to see the determinant factors that influence the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS).Results: The results showed that there were relationship between sex (p<0.022), age (p<0.031), etiology chronic kidney disease (p<0.037), duration hemodialysis (p<0.025), protein intake (p<0.030) and grip strength (p<0.010). The determinant factors significantly associated with MIS were sex p<0.0001, age p<0.014, protein intake p<0.018, and grip strength p<0.017.Conclusion: The conclusions of this study were the prevalence of inflammatory malnutrition in hemodialysis patients was 55.8%, male had risk of 4.1 malnutrition, age ≥40 years had risk of 3.1, inadequate protein intake had risk 2.8 times malnutrition and less grip strength as a protective variable had a 0.23 times lower risk.Keywords : Chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; malnutrition inflammation; nutritional status

Identification of lactic acid bacteria from lemea's to lower blood sugar levels in mice's diabetes mellitus Okfrianti, Yenni; Herison, Catur; Fahrurrozi, Fahrurrozi; Budianto, Budianto; Okticah, Anggi; Sari, Miliza Mayang
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.117-123

Background: Diabetic is one of the main health problems in society throughout the world, so alternatives are needed to help prevent increasing blood sugar levels. In this case, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are able to inhibit the performance of the alpha glucosidase enzyme in breaking down carbohydrates into glucose, lowering blood sugar levels so that lactic acid bacteria have potential in controlling hyperglycemia.Objectives: The purpose of this work is to assess the potential of four different strains of Lactobacillus that were isolated from lemea to reduce blood sugar levels in mice.Materials and Methods: This study used a pre-test, post-test, control group design for its experimental methodology. Six groups of 18 male mice, aged between 10 and 12 weeks, with body weights ± 25 g each, were formed,three mice comprised each group. This study was divided into 6 treatment groups, namely 1 group given acarboce, 1 group without treatment (aquadest), and 4 treatment groups given 4 types of pure BAL culture. Treatment consisted of P1 (giving L plantarum B1), P2 (giving L plantarum B2), P3 (giving L plantarum S1), and P4 (giving L fermentum S2). The initial stage of the research was to measure the initial fasting blood sugar of the mice, then alloxan was induced at a dose of 4.54 mg/kg BW and given intravenously at 0.1/10 g BW to the mice. After 5 days of alloxan induction, the fasting blood sugar level was measured again. If the blood sugar level was ≥ 127 mg/dL, the mice were declared DM and ready to be given treatment. The dose of acarbose was 0.65 mg/kg bw, and BAL culture with a concentration of 10 8 CFU/mL of 0.1 mg/ 10 g bw for 14 days every 7 days analyzed the blood sugar levels of the mice.Results: The results of the study showed that giving pure culture of L. plantarum from Betung bamboo shoot lemea to mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) as treatment P2 was superior to giving acarbose, P1, P3, and P4 in reducing blood sugar levels with pancreatic damage 50% and lower than other treatments, while the pancreas of type 2 DM mice without therapy had the greatest damage score based on histopathological data.Conclusion: Lactic acid bacteria from Lemea can help lower blood sugar levels and prevent the rate of damage to the pancreas of diabetic mice, with the best culture being L. plantarum from Lemea Betung bamboo shoots

The impact of nutritional status and dietary intake on children's exposure to hazardous substances in food Aurora, Wahyu Indah Dewi; Darmawan, Armaidi; Kusdiyah, Erny; Suzan, Raihanah; Syauqy, Ahmad; Gading, Patrick William
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.124-131

Introduction: Exposure to harmful substances in food is a significant factor contributing to stunting and nutritional problems in children, as it impacts their growth and development. While healthy diets are well-documented, direct links between dietary intake and harmful substance exposure are less explored. This study investigates key risk factors influencing such exposure in children.Objectives: This study aimed to analyses the impact of nutritional status, dietary intake, and exposure to harmful substances in children.Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 780 children in 30 elementary Schools, collected data on dietary intake, nutritional status, and laboratory testing for harmful substances like borax, formalin, Rhodamine B, and cyclamate using Qualitative Test Kit. Food samples were obtained from school vendors and commonly consumed items. Data were analysed using Chi-Square tests and binary logistic regression to assess the relationships between variables.Results: Among the children, 50% were aged 8–9 years, and 53.8% were female. Most had good nutritional status (69.2%), and 88.2% had sufficient dietary intake. However, 69.1% were exposed to harmful substances in food. Poor nutritional status increased exposure risk by 3.11 times (PR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.75 - 5.51; p = 0.000), and insufficient dietary intake raised it by 13.26 times (PR = 13.26; 95% CI: 8.37 - 21.02; p = 0.000).Conclusion: A child’s nutrition and food safety are deeply connected. Poor nutrition makes children more susceptible to harmful substances, highlighting the importance of ensuring both a healthy diet and stricter food safety measures. By prioritizing better nutrition and safer food choices, we can help protect children's health and support their growth.

Eating behavior, phytoestrogen intake and chronotype in relation with premenstrual syndrome among female college students Rahmah, Hiya Alfi; Afiattami, Adendita Azmi; Khoiriani, Izzati Nur; Wahyurin, Izka Sofiyya
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.152-161

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of physical, behavioral, and emotional problems that occur before menstruation. Although the exact cause of this illness is unknown, various studies have suggested that it may be brought on by dietary, behavioral, or hormonal changes. Objectives: This study examined how eating behavior, phytoestrogen intake, and chronotype related to PMS in female college students at Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia.Materials and Methods: Data were collected using a cross-sectional design with a cluster sampling method. This study was conducted with 104 participants, with the criteria: aged 18-22 years, class of 2020-2022, physically healthy, and willing to participate in the entire series of studies. The exclusion criteria in this study were taking sleeping pills, using hormonal therapy, and being diagnosed with a gynecological disorder. Statistical data analysis using the Spearman Correlation test. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) was used to assess eating behavior, Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ) to assess phytoestrogen intake, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire Self Assessment Version (MEQ-SA) to assess chronotype, and Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (SPAF) to assess PMS.Results: Of the 104 participants, 99% reported having experienced symptoms of PMS. 90.4% of participants reported consuming phytoestrogens at a lower level than the sufficiency level. Emotional eating dominated the eating behavior characteristics with a 69.2% prevalence, while half of the respondents (59.6%) had a morning chronotype. Eating behavior, especially restrained eating and external eating was significantly correlated with PMS severity (p<0.023; r=0.222); (p=0.002; r=0.304). Phytoestrogen intake was significantly associated with PMS (p=0.007; r=-0.264). However, emotional eating and chronotype did not correlate with PMS.Conclusion: Eating behaviors: restrained, external eating, and phytoestrogen intake were associated with PMS while emotional eating and chronotype showed no correlation with PMS severity.

Exploring rice varietal effects on triglyceride/high density lipoprotein ratio in hyperlipidemia-induced wistar rats Rosmalinda, Yusie; Noer, Etika Ratna; Sulchan, Mohammad; Khikmaturrohman, Sya’bani Isnaen; Ardiaria, Martha; Marsa, Firdaus Shadiqa; Henny, Via Anugrah; Wijayanti, Hartanti Sandi; Panunggal, Binar
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.170-181

Background: Excessive intake of white rice has been associated with elevated triglyceride (TG) levels and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Conversely, black and red rice varieties have demonstrated favorable impacts on lipid metabolism. However, despite these benefits, their palatability and texture are often met with aversion by consumers. Consequently, it is imperative to investigate rice blends that are both well-received by individuals and exhibit pronounced efficacy in reducing the TG/HDL ratio.Objective: To investigate the differential effects on the TG/HDL ratio in rats administered different combinations of white, red, and black rice.Methods: This research follows a true experimental design incorporating pre- and post-tests with a control group. Thirty rats were initially fed a hyperlipidemic diet for 14 days. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to interventions involving different rice combinations for a duration of 28 days. These combinations included K(+) (positive control), P1 (100% white rice), P2 (21 g red and 4 g white rice), P3 (16 g black and 4 g white rice), and P4 (8 g black, 8 g red, and 4 g white rice). Triglyceride and HDL levels were quantified using the GPO-PAP and CHOD-PAP methods, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing ANOVA tests followed by LSD post-hoc tests for comparison.Results: Triglycerides decrease in P4 (-51.04±0.72) was the highest, followed by P3 (47.18±0.51), P2 (-34.60±1.07), P1 (-17.03±1, 06). Cholesterol HDL increase in P4 (49.36±1.68) was the highest, followed by P3 (42.71±0.41), P2 (38.09±0.76), P1 (30.64±0.90). The TG/HDL ratio in P1, P2, P3, and P4 were 0.21±0.092, -2.12±0.164, -2.45±0.123, -2.82±0.148, -3.18±0.371, respectively. The rice combination intervention had a significant decreased on the TG/HDL ratio (p=0.000).Conclusion: The intervention involving rice combinations resulted in a greater reduction in the TG/HDL ratio compared to the consumption of white rice alone. Among the various combinations tested, the combination of white, red, and black rice demonstrated the most significant reduction in the triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio.

Comparative analysis of macronutrient, vitamin, and mineral intake between stunted and non-stunted children in cirebon Pandanwangi, Siti; Akrom, Akrom; Nurkhasanah, Nurkhasanah; Zuniarto, Ahmad Azrul
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.162-169

Background: The food consumed by children greatly affects how they will live in the future. The amount of nutrition that enters a child's body affects their health and intelligence. Macronutrients, vitamins and minerals are vital components in the body for the processes of growth and development, endurance, and other important functions. Low nutritional intake in children will cause them to experience growth failure, resulting in stunting.Objectives: This study was to compare the intake of macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate), vitamins (A, E, B1, B2, B6, C, folate), and minerals (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc) between stunted and non-stunted childrenMaterials and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population of the study was toddlers living in the Tegalwangi area, a sample of 100 children, ages 2 to 5, who were willing to sign a consent form as research subjects was split into 50 stunting and 50 non-stunting children. The time for the study began in January-May 2023. Data was collected using the 3x24 hour nutritional recall questionnaire method, followed by converting nutritional intake through the Nutrisurvey softwareResults: Nutritional intake for stunted children, shows that there are 12 intake criteria below the nutritional adequacy rate, while 5 intake criteria meet the standard. While for children who are not stunted, 12 criteria meet and 5 criteria do not meet the nutritional adequacy standard.Conclusion: Analysis of differences in the intake of the two groups found that there were no significant differences in the intake of macronutrients (carbohydrates), vitamins (E, B2) and minerals (sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorum) with p>0.05, and significant differences in the intake of macronutrients (protein, fat). vitamins (A, B1, B6, C, folate), and minerals (magnesium, iron, zinc) with p<0.05.

Relationship between the numbers of iron tablets received and of iron tablets consumed with the birth length at Aisyiyah Hospital, Bojonegoro Firdaus, Desiana; Sudalhar, Sudalhar; Ningtias, Rina Hidayatin
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.132-138

Background: Birth length is one of the risk factors for stunting in toddlers in the future. Stunting is a condition where a child's height is not by their age, which is indicated by a z score <-2 SD. Stunting can occur since the baby is in the womb, or in the first 1000 days of life which is indicated by a birth length of <48 cm.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between iron supplementation and birth length at Aisyiyah Hospital, Bojonegoro.Materials and Methods: The study respondents were 81 mothers and babies who were in the postpartum room of Aisyiyah Hospital, Bojonegoroduring the period from March to April 2024. Data on the number of iron tablets received and consumed were obtained from interviews with respondents, and the baby's birth length was obtained from data on the patient's medical records.Results: The study’s results showed that the prevalence of short birth length (stunting) at Aisyiyah Hospital, Bojonegoro was 38.8%. Based on the results of the correlation test conducted with Spearman rho, it was found that there was a significant relationship between the number of iron tablets received and the number of iron tablets consumed with the length of the baby's birth, as indicated by the p-value and r value respectively (p = 0.013; r = 0.439) (p = 0.005; r = 0.496).Conclusion: This study shows a significant relationship between the number of iron tablets received and the number of iron tablets consumed with the length of the baby's birth.

Histopathological changes in pregnant mice's hepar and kidney following exposure to kelor (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract Armalina, Desy; Susilaningsih, Neni; Saraswati, Indah
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.145-151

Background: Moringa provides extra dietary benefits. The immune system is significantly influenced by the nine necessary amino acids, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamins A, C, E, and B that are included in this food. Previous studies state that moringa causes liver and kidney damage. Another study found that moringa has an abortive effect.Objectives: This study aimed to determine how exposure to kelor (moringa oleifera) leaf extract affected the hepar and kidney in pregnant mice and found the secondary metabolite of the moringa leaves.Materials and Methods: An experimental laboratory design was conducted in 24 pregnant female Balb/c mice. They were randomized into four groups. Group K was not given anything. Group P1-P3 were given moringa leaf extract during pregnancy at days with a dose dose of 10, 20, and 30 mg in 10, 20, and 18 days, and termination was done to take the organs and make the tissue processing.Results: We found no dead mice and no aggression during the experiment. Significant statistics differed between the experimental group in the microscopic appearance of the kidney and hepar. This study found degeneration and inflammation in the hepar and kidney in the treatment group. Qualitative phytochemical tests on leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and steroids.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Moringa leaf has shown a mild heparin and kidney effect compared to the control.

Utilization of E-PPGBM for analysing the relation between Posyandu visits post-covid-19 adaptation and low body weight history with stunting among toddlers in semarang city Larasati, Erika Nurul; Dieny, Fillah Fithra; Rahadiyani, Ayu; Purwanti, Rachma
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.105-116

Background: Stunting is a failure in growth and development among children, influenced by various factors such as birth condition and health services. After the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, mothers’ perspectives on Posyandu have changed, and data entry in the e-PPGBM, an application for recording and reporting community-based nutrition,has increased, particularly in Semarang City.Objective: The study aimed to utilize e-PPGBM to analyze the relationship between Posyandu visits post-Covid-19 adaptation and low birth weight (LBW) with stunting among toddlers in Semarang City. Materials and Methods:This case-control study used secondary data from e-PPGBM in Semarang City. The case and control groups each included 1,153 gender-matched toddlers aged 12-59 months as of December 2022. The independent variables were Posyandu visits post-Covid-19 adaptation and low birth weight (LBW). The confounding variables included vitamin A supplementation, birth length, early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), birth order, and age. Analysis was conducted for bivariate with chi squares and multivariate with logistic regression.Results: Posyandu visits post-Covid-19 adaptation, LBW and EIBF were not associated with stunting. However, incomplete vitamin A supplementation (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.54-0.81), short birth length (OR=2.39, 95% CI=1.74-3.27), third or higher birth order (OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.15-2.01), children aged 24-35 months (OR=1.85, 95% CI=1.36-2.53), and children aged 36-47 months (OR=1.58, 95% CI=1.16-2.16) were associated with stunting. Conclusion: Non-routine visits to Posyandu post-Covid-19 adaptation and LBW were higher among toddlers with stunting than normal toddlers. However, this relationship was not significantly related to stunting in Semarang City in December 2022.

The impact of training using the team game tournament method on anemia knowledge among youth red cross (PMR) members Fadhila, Annisa Rahma; Wahyurin, Izka Sofiyya; Prasetyo, Teguh Jati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.139-144

Background: Anemia incidence in adolescents can be prevented by increasing the peers' knowledge through training and consumption of iron foods variety. The Youth Red Cross (PMR) is one of the elements in schools that can create peer tutors. The Team Game Tournament (TGT) is a cooperative learning method that encourages teamwork, healthy competition and develops respondents' communication skills.Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of training using the Team Game Tournament on anemia knowledge in Youth Red Cross (PMR) members. Materials and Methods: Quasi-experimental study with one group pre-test and post-test on 37 Youth Red Cross (PMR) members from senior high school using the Team Game Tournament. Conducted in July 2023. Knowledge variables were measured using a questionnaire and were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test.Results: Characteristics of respondents aged 15-16 years (64.9%), female (78.4%), and grade 10 (51.4%). Up to 55.0% were exposed to anemia education for ≥6 months by health center workers (45.0%). The Team Game Tournament affected respondents' knowledge (p<0.05). The percentage increase in knowledge is 3,68.Conclusion: There’s a difference in anemia knowledge of Youth Red Cross (PMR) members before and after peer tutor training using the Team Game Tournament.

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