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The implementation of nutrition improvement programs for underweight children, wasting and stunting in the Department of Health, Central Buton district, Southeast Sulawesi Nur Wulandari; Ani Margawati; Zen Rahfiludin
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.86-96

Background: Health status can affect the Human Development Index (HDI) of a country. To improve the quality of human resources, the Indonesian Government has applied various policies, such as the nutrition improvement program, since there are still lots of toddlers suffering from underweight, wasting dan stunting. Even one out of three toddlers in Indonesia were detected stunting.Objectives: This study described the implementation of a nutrition improvement program for toddlers in the Central Buton District Health Office.Materials and Method: This was a qualitative study that involved ten informants. Three of those informants are nutritionists in the District Health Office, Head of Public Health Department, Head of NutritionDepartement. Also, two nutrition workers in primary healthcare centers and two mothers of malnourished toddlers.Results: These findings showed that in terms of input, trained human resources on nutrition were lacking, and the budget for the nutrition improvement program was inadequate. While, in the process, all implementors had done very well, although they still had no collaboration across sectors. In the output aspect, the health status of underweight, wasting, and stunting toddlers improved. Also, monitoring and evaluation were conducted on toddlers registered at the integrated service posts in 2018.Conclusions: There were still constraints on the input, process, and output aspects, even though there was an increase in the nutritional status of children under five, but nutrition problems for children under five in Central Buton Regency were still high.

The effect of additional protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin on S100β levels of acute ischemic stroke patients at Dr. Kariadi Central Hospital, Semarang Stephani Nesya Renamastika; Endang Mahati; Martha Kartasurya; Dodik Pramukarso; Dwi Pudjonarko; Retnaningsih Retnaningsih
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.172-183

Background: The brain releases biochemical substrates, such as S100β protein, into circulation in response to ischemic conditions as a sign of damage in nerve cells and disruption of the blood-brain barrier’s integrity. Thrombolytic therapy has led to the development of many neuroprotective therapies such as protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin, which can be added to food products. Protein, phospholipids, and inulin, have a neuroprotective impact on nerve cells in the brain and blood-brain barrier.Objective: To prove the effect of protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin on S100β levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Materials and Methods: This study was done in a single-blind RCT. Eighteen ischemic stroke patients were randomly divided into nine subjects for the intervention group and nine subjects for the control group. The Control group received 250 ml conventional formula milk (11.8 g protein) 3 times/day. The intervention group received 250 mL commercial milk 3 rimes/day which contained 15 g protein with 128 mg phosphatidylcholine, 32 mg phosphatidylserine, and 3 g inulin. All of the groups were given hospital-standard therapy for ischemic stroke. S100β levels were measured at pre and post-intervention.Results: Pre and post S100β levels in intervention and the control group did not show any statistically difference (p = 0.777 and p = 0.096), but there was a trend of decreasing levels of S100β in the intervention group (-24.6 + 252.0 pg/mL) versus control group (135.8 + 216.2 pg/mL).Conclusions: The addition of protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin did not have a significant effect on S100β levels.

Effects of mixture powder of black rice (Oryza sativa L indica), red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L), and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L) on blood glucose concentration in hyperglycemic Rats Lalu Juntra Utama; Suryana Suryana; Anita Christina Sembiring
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.136-143

Background: Diabetes mellitus, increased blood glucose or hyperglycemia, is associated with increased oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases. This condition will further cause carbohydrate and fat metabolism change, resulting in the decreased antioxidant defense system. Black rice, red beans, and moringa leaves contain oleic acid, butyric amino acid, antioxidants, phytic acid, and arginine, which can improve insulin sensitivity, and blood glucose homeostasis.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of betamelor (black rice, red beans, and moringa leaves) on blood glucose in ratsMaterials and Methods: The design of this research was experimental research with pre-and post-control group design. A total of 20 Sprague Dawley female rats were divided into four groups, namely standard feed (PS), 80% feed of betamelor (PB8), 50% feed of betamelor (PB5), and 20% feed of betamelor (PB2). Betamelor intervention was given as much as 5% of weight for 28 days. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) levels were measured using the GOD-PAP method. Blood glucose data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level and using Duncan's test.Results: There were differences in FBG between groups after the intervention of betamelor. The results showed that after 28 days of intervention, betamelor decreased the serum glucose concentration from 122.69 mg / dL to 97.70 mg / dL (20.37%) in the PB8 group and from 123.91 mg / dL to 113.28 mg / dL (8.58%) in the PB5 group, but the standard diet (PS) increased by 5.73%. This result can be applied to reduce blood glucose levels in obese and patients with metabolic syndrome.Conclusions: There was a significant effect of giving a mixture of black rice, red beans, and Moringa leaves on fasting blood sugar in rats.

Profile of nutritional status, energy availability, haemoglobin levels and bone density in santriwati (Islamic female student) with chronic energy deficiency risk Fillah Fithra Dieny; A Fahmy Arif Tsani; Umu Faradilla; Ayu Rahadiyanti
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.97-104

Background: Santriwati (Islamic female student), women of reproductive age, were susceptible to experienced Chronic Energi Deficiency (CED). CED reflects the low energy availability of someone who can risk reducing bone density. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the differences in body mass index, body fat percentage, hemoglobin levels, energy availability, and bone mineral density of female students who experienced CED risk and not experienced CED risk.Materials and Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study, with 101 female students as subjects who were selected by random sampling. The research was conducted from February to March 2019 at the Kyai Galang Sewu Islamic Boarding School, Semarang. CED risk data was taken using the upper arm circumference measurement. Percent body fat and BMI data were taken using BIA. Energy availability data is obtained from the difference between energy intake (energy intake) and energy output (energy expenditure through physical activity) divided by Fat-Free Mass (FFM). Energy intake data was taken using the SQ-FFQ questionnaire, and energy expenditure was calculated using the 24-hour activity record form. Anemia data were collected using strip hemoglobin measurements. Bone density data were taken using the Osteosys Sonost 3000 densitometer. Bivariate analysis used the Independent T-Test.Results: A total of 57.2% of subjects experienced anemia. Subjects who had underweight nutritional status were 20.8%. Santriwati experienced osteopenia as much as 13.9%. There was no difference in bone density and hemoglobin levels between female students who were at risk of CED and not CED risk (p> 0.05), but there were differences in energy availability, body fat percentage, BMI between those at risk of CED and not CED risk (p <0.05)Conclusion: subjects at risk of CED (Lila <23.5 cm) had lower energy availability, body fat, and BMI than subjects who were not at risk of CED.

The effect of addition protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin on GFAP levels of acute ischemic stroke patients at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang Wahyuningrum, Diah Retno; Retnaningsih, Retnaningsih; Kartasurya, Martha Irene
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.184-197

Background: The occurrence of ischemia causes a loss of energy to switch to anaerobic processes resulting in acidosis due to reduced Adenosina Triphosphate (ATP). This condition makes neuron cells apoptotic. Apoptotic of several biochemical substrates in the brain, such as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) exit into the circulatory system which is associated with dysbiosis through immunological pathways.Objectives: To determine the effect of giving enteral formula containing protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin on GFAP levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke Dr. Kariadi Hospital.Materials and Methods: This study was done in a single-blind RCT. Eighteen ischemic stroke patients were randomly divided into intervention (9 subjects) and control groups (9 subjects). The intervention group received 69 g of the powdered enteral formula three times a day for seven days. The formula contained protein (15 g), phosphatidylcholine (128 mg),Â phosphatidylserine (32 mg), and inulin (3 g). The subject who had diabetes mellitus received for 14 days at a dose of 34.5 g per day (7.5 g protein with additions 64mg phosphatidylcholine, 16mg phosphatidylserine, 1.5 g inulin). The control group received the standard enteral formula from the hospital, which contains (11.8 g protein without additions protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin). GFAP levels by ELISA method (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay) at pre and post-intervention.Results: There was a trend of decreasing GFAP levels before and after in the intervention group towards a better direction from 8.37Â±4.25 to 8.30Â±4.9 compared with the control group which experienced an increasing trend from 5.4Â±1.8 to 7.5Â±4. There was no significant difference in GFAP levels after intervention between groups (p = 0.7).Conclusions: The addition of protein, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and inulin had no significant effect on GFAP levels.

The effectiveness of Islamic comic media in increasing the attitude of healthy breakfast among students Damayanti, Amilia Yuni; Darni, Joyeti; Hafidzatunnisa, Hafidzatunnisa
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.144-150

ABSTRAKÂ Background: As much as 73.4% of children aged â‰¥ 5 years in Indonesia have breakfast with the low nutritional quality of food consumption, as evidenced by the prevalence of 95.5% of children's less consumption of vegetables and fruits. Breakfast habits affect fiber and micronutrient levels. Communication and nutritional information can increase accuracy in breakfast behavior from childhood. Effective and efficient media are needed. So far, the media for children has prioritized illustrations without paying attention to the cultivation of moral values.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of Islamic comic media on improving healthy breakfast attitudes among students.Materials and Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental type. Subjects were taken by a simple random sampling method. Ninety-six students were divided into three groups. Group A was given nutrition education using Islamic comic media about health breakfast (n = 32). Group B was given nutrition education using Islamic comic strip media about health (n = 32). Group C was a control group (n = 32). The study used two types of nutrition promotion media: comics and comic strips, which are stories about healthy eating in Islam. The time for nutrition education intervention through comics and comic strips is 2x Â± 35 minutes. The pretest was Â± 25 minutes with Â± 10 minutes explaining the instructions for filling out the questionnaire. The posttest was Â± 25 minutes with a discussion for Â± 10 minutesâ€”nutritional attitudes related to health breakfast by answering a validated questionnaire. We used the Lickert scale to categorized nutritional attitudes. Statistical test was done by Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test.Results: The distribution of nutrition attitudes of respondents increased after the provision of Islamic comics, both comics and comic strips about breakfast. The nutritional attitudes increased significantly in the Islamic comic media group (p = 0.000) and the Islamic comic strip media group (p = 0.000), from 78.75 to 92.96 and 78.61 to 92.88, respectively.Conclusions: There was a relationship between counseling and Islamic comic media regarding healthy breakfast towards the nutritional attitude of elementary school-age students.

Ganyong-kelor snack bar's glycemic index as a diet for diabetics Diyan Yunanto Setyaji; Fransisca Shinta Maharini
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.105-110

Background: Lack of insulin or the inability of cells to respond to insulin causes high blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes. Consumption of foods with a low glycemic index and high fiber has been shown to provide the same benefits as pharmacological therapy in the control of postprandial hyperglycemia and can prevent the incidence of hypoglycemia in people with diabetes. Ganyong (Canna edulis) is a food source of carbohydrates and fiber. Kelor (Moringa oliefera) contains protein and some phytochemical compounds which have a hypoglycemic effect.Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyze the glycemic index of ganyong-kelor snack bars as a diet for diabetics.Materials and Methods: Ten respondents fasted for 10 hours and checked their fasting blood glucose levels, then consumed 105 grams of bread as the reference food. Every 30 minutes after eating, the blood glucose levels were checked. In the following week, after fasted, all respondents consumed 157 grams of a ganyong-kelor snack bar and checked their blood glucose levels every 30 minutes.Results: Every 100 grams of ganyong-kelor snack bar contains 230.13 kcal, 31.97 grams of carbohydrates, 9.25 grams of fat, and 4.75 grams of protein. In this study, bread was used as a reference food. If bread was corrected with glucose as a reference food, the glycemic index of the ganyong-kelor snack bar was 38.08. The calculation of the glycemic load used the converted-glycemic index and the total carbohydrates contained in 100 grams of the food. Ganyong-kelor snack bar had a glycemic load value of 12.10.Conclusions: Ganyong-kelor snack bar had good nutritional content and was categorized as food with a low glycemic index. The hypoglycemic effect of the ganyong-kelor snack bar came from its high fiber content. Ganyong-kelor snack bar can be consumed as a healthy snack for diabetic people.

Collaborative model as a training for increasing village health worker competency about complementary feeding Habibah Abidin; Apoina Kartini; Ani Margawati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.198-207

Background: A Kader refers to a Village Health Worker (VHW), a volunteer, which becomes one of the sources of community reference. Commonly, they sustain a mother's knowledge regarding adequate complementary feeding. However, there are still some VHW who have not possessed a health education background nor been able to be independent.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the impact of collaborative models on VHW's competence as in knowledge, self-efficacy, attitudes, and counseling skill on the topic of complementary feeding.Materials and Methods: The design of this research is a quasi-experiment control group pretest-postest, with the retrieval of subjects using purposive sampling. Subjects were selected based on the location of the posyandu. The population in this research was VHWs in the Lembang district were 40 VHWs in each group. The treatment group was given training intervention for 1 month with a collaborative model, combining several methods into a series. The main topic was counseling and complementary feeding. The control group was given booklets and leaflets. VHW's competence was measured using questionnaires. This research was conducted in January-April 2020.Results: Statistical test results before the treatment of both groups showed no difference (p>0,05) in each variable. Two months after the intervention, there were significant differensces in the mean score of knowledge (p=0,001), attitude (p=0,001), and VHWs self-efficacy (p=0,000) in both groups. VHW counseling skills (p=0,149) until the first month there was not a significant difference. Unexpectedly, in the second month, the VHW counseling skills could not be observed due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The mean score of each group increased significantly, but the score of the treatment group was higher than the control group.Conclusions: A collaborative model is effective when compared to only providing booklets and leaflets in increasing VHW's knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy but not effective yet for VHW counseling skills.

Application of the general message of balanced nutrition during the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Mataram City Luh Putu Prema Wadhani; Nani Ratnaningsih
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.151-158

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2020 became the limelight worldwide, including in Indonesia. Infection caused by this virus can be prevented by social distancing, physical distancing, and a healthy lifestyle. Maintaining nutritional intake by implementing balanced nutrition guidelines is very important to enhance the immune system.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the description of the application of balanced nutrition guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic in the community in Mataram City.Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive study with a survey approach, and the data taken were cross-sectional. This research was conducted in May-June 2020 in the community in the Mataram City taken by purposive sampling with inclusion criteria, namely women and men of productive age, domiciled in the city of Mataram, married status, and at least elementary school education. Respondents in this study were 460 respondents who were calculated using the Slovin formula. Data on the application of balanced nutrition guidelines were obtained using a questionnaire. Data from the results of this research were analyzed using descriptive methods.Results: There are as many as >90% of the community has implemented a general message of balanced nutrition in addition to the fifth message. As many as 89.9% of respondents did not apply the fifth general message of balanced nutrition in limiting consumption of sweet, salty, and fatty foods. The majority of applications >50% of general messages of balanced nutrition were applied by respondents aged 21-29 years, female, high education and work status. Conclusions: The application of the general message of balanced nutrition during the epidemic COVID-19 in Mataram City was implemented optimally, but this application was not carried out in the fifth message in limiting consumption of sweet, salty, and fatty foods.

Household food security and diet quality with chronic energy deficiency among preconception women Pradita Putri Ramadhani; Fillah Fithra Dieny; Dewi Kurniawati; Hartanti Sandi; Deny Yudi Fitranti; Ayu Rahadiyanti; A. Fahmy Arif Tsani
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.9.2.111-122

Background: Chronic energy deficiency (CED) that occurs at risk preconception women during pregnancy increased low birth weight (LBW) in infants. Household food security and diet quality are factors that cause CED. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between household food security and diet quality with CED preconception women.Materials and Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design. The subject of 70 preconception women aged 16-35 years registered in the religious affairs office in Sumowono and Pringapus Subdistrict were selected by consecutive sampling method. Weight and height were measured to assess body mass index to determine CED. Household food security was measured using the Household Food Security Scale Module (HFSSM). Food intake data were obtained using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and DQI-I (Diet Quality Index-International) to measure diet quality. Bivariate analyses were tested using Rank Spearman and Pearson Product Moment.Results: The prevalence of subjects with CED risk was 48.6% and subjects with CED was 15.7%. 38.6% of subjects married at the age of 16-20 years, 75.1% of subjects had low household food security and 80% of subjects had low diet quality. There was no significant relationship between household food security and diet quality with CED, namely (p = 0.537) and (p = 0.711). The components of diet quality, namely variation, adequacy, moderation and balance also did not show a significant relationship with CED, respectively with p-value (p = 0.711), (p = 0.523), (p = 0.412), (p = 0.604 )Conclusions: There was no correlation between household food security and CED, also no correlation between diet quality and CED.

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