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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

bioma
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 318 Documents

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Pengaruh Penambahan Biotin Pada Media Pertumbuhan Terhadap Produksi Sel Aspergillus niger Wuryanti, Wuryanti
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 10, No. 2, Tahun 2008
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Aspergillus niger is one of microorganisms which has potensial as L-asparaginase source. Biotin are vitamins soluble in water and have function to facilitate the increasing cell growth. The research has purposes to determine the influences of adding biotin into growing medium of Aspergillus niger to its cell production. The results from research show that the optimum incubation time for producing biomass weight of Aspergillus niger was at the 48th hour. Addition of biotin 0.1 mg/L into growing medium of Aspergillus niger might increase biomass weight of Aspergillus niger until 40.17 %.

Kualitas Telur Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) berdasarkan Variabel pH telur, Indeks Kuning Telur (IKT) dan Indeks Putih Telur (IPT) setelah Penyimpanan yang Dilakukan Perendaman Pada Air Kapur Sebelum Penyimpanan Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) banyak dibudidayakan untuk diambil telurnya karena produktivitas telur yang tinggi. Nilai gizi telur puyuh tidak kalah dengan telur unggas lain, sehingga dapat menambah variasi dalam penyediaan sumber protein hewani. Telur merupakan salah satu bahan makanan yang hampir sempurna. Bahan makanan ini mengandung zat gizi lengkap antara lain protein, lemak, vitamin dan mineral. Telur segar yaitu telur yang baru diletakkan oleh induk disarangnya, mempunyai daya simpan yang pendek. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan rusaknya telur adalah lama waktu penyimpanan . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas telur puyuh berdasarkan pH Telur, Â nilai Indeks Kuning Telur (IKT), Indeks Putih Telur (IPT) setelah perendaman dengan air kapur. Sampel yang digunakan adalah telur puyuh yang diambil pada hari kedua peneluran. Digunakan Rancangan acakÂ lengkap dengan 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu P1 kelompok telur,diamati pada hari ke 2. P2 kelompok telur disimpan dan diamati pada hari ke 16. P3 kelompok telur direndam pada air kapur selama 1 menit, disimpan dan diamati pada hari ke 16. P4 kelompok telur disimpan dan diamati pada hari ke 30. P5 kelompok telur direndam pada air kapur selama 1 menit, disimpan dan diamati pada hari ke 30. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua variabel penelitian menenunjukkan penurunan seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu penyimpanan. Penurunan kualitas disebabkan faktor lamanya penyimpanan yang menyebabkan perubahan kondisi telur.Â Kata kunci : Penyimpanan telur, pH telur, Indeks Kuning Telur, Indeks Putih Telur

Indeks Keragaman Serangga Hama Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Di Lahan Persawahan Padi Dataran Tinggi Desa Sukawening, Kecamatan Ciwidey, Kabupaten Bandung Sianipar, Martua Suhunan; Djaya, Luciana; Santosa, Entun; Soesilohadi, RC Hidayat; Natawigena, W Darajat; Bangun, Mey Priandi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 17, No.1, Tahun 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Kemampuan Indonesia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan beras nasional sangat penting. Akan tetapi, usaha pemenuhan kebutuhan beras ini tidak selamanya berjalan dengan lancar karena terganggunya produktivitas padi. Salah satu penyebab turunnya produktivitas padi di Indonesia karena adanya serangan serangga hama. Beberapa kendala yang menyebabkan gagalnya petani dalam mengendalikan serangga hama karena petani masih belum melakukan identifikasi serangga hama dan gejala serangan dengan baik. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan akhir tahun 2012 ini yang berlokasi di Lahan Persawahan Padi Dataran Tinggi Desa Sukawening, Kecamatan Ciwidey, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat bertujuan meng inventarisasi dan mendapatkan nilai keragaman jenis serangga hama pada tanaman padi. Penangkapan serangga hama yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkap kuning, perangkap jaring dan perangkap cahaya. Hasil penangkapan serangga diidentifikasi di laboratorium. Indeks keragaman serangga dianalisis dengan menggunakan perhitungan Shannon- Weinner. Serangga hama yang dominan diperoleh pada fase vegetative yaitu Scirpophaga incertulas, Thaia oryzivora, dan Orselia oryzae. Serangga hama minor diperoleh yaitu Dicladispa armigera, Leptispa pygmaea, dan Melanitis ledaismene. Serangga hama yang dominan diperoleh pada fase generative yaitu Leptocorisa acuta, Scirpophaga incertulas, dan Thaiaoryzivora. Serangga hama minor diperoleh yaitu Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, dan Cofana spectra. Indeks keragaman serangga hama yang diperoleh pada ketiga lahan percobaan ada diantara sedang hingga tinggi.Pada fase vegetatif indeks keragaman tertinggi sebesar 4,74 pada pengamatan ke 6 dan terendah pada pengamatan ke 1 sebesar 2,22. Pada fase generatif indeks keragaman tertinggi pada pengamatan ke 9 sebesar 4,86 dan terendah pada pengamatan ke 12 sebesar 1,37. Â Kata kunci :indeks keragaman, serangga hama, padi, Kabupaten Bandung.

A Study on Barn Owl Population (Tyto alba var. javanica) in Reducing Rat Attacks and Parthenocarpy in Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches Budihardjo, Kadarwati; Wirianata, Herry; Primananda, Septa
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

In mature oil palms, rat attacks fruit bunches, causing significantly reduction in the potential yield and the quality of oil palm fruit bunches. Rat is also known to consume the post anthesis male flowers which act as the breeding sites for the eggs and larvae of Elaeidobius kamerunicus pollinator beetle. Indirectly, the pollinator beetle population can be reduced in high rat infestation area, affecting the pollination and increasing the percentage of parthenocarpic fruit bunches. The barn owl (Tyto alba var. javanica) is a rat biological control agent in the oil palm plantations. The study conducted at PT. Mustika Sembuluh in Central Borneo shows that barn owl (T. alba) population is significantly correlated with both rat attacks and parthenocarpic percentage of oil palm fruit bunches in oil palm plantation

Motilitas dan vitalitas spermatozoa manusia post freezing setelah simpan beku dengan medium TES-Tris yolk citrat yang dimodifikasi dengan jenis kuning telur berbeda Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14, No.1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The aim of this research was to examine the possibility of semen cryopreservation using modified TES-Tris yolk citrat (TES-TYC) medium with different egg yolk. Semen fulfilling inclusionÂ criteria with WHOÂ criteria was divided into three groups and the sperm motility and vitality was counted as initial data. The semen was then mixed with TES-TYC medium with chicken egg yolk, TES-TYC medium with duck egg yolk and TES-TYC medium with goose egg yolk then cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. After one mounth the semen was thawed and recount its sperm motility and vitality. Data obtained showed that the motility and vitality ofÂ post freezing sperm cryopreserved with TES-TYC medium with chiken was higher compared to the other medium. It could be concluded that the existenced of chicken egg yolk in TES-TYC medium was better kept sperm integrity during cryopreservation compared with the other medium, hence the existenced of egg yolk as ingredient in TES-TYC medium should be chicken egg yolk. Â Key words : motilitas dan vitalitas, medium TES-Tris yolk citrat, kuning telur

Isolasi Yeast Inulinolitik dan Optimasi Produksi Inulinase Pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Nitrogen Yeast Ekstrak Sebagai Sumber N Wijanarka, Wijanarka -; Sutariningsih, Endang; Dewi, Kumala -; Indrianto, Ari -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13, No. 1, Tahun 2011
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Inulin is a linier fructose polymer of plant origin found in the Jerusalem artichoke, dandelion, dahlia tuber and several other members of the family Compositae. Inulin is one of the numerous polysaccharides of plant origin that contain glukose or fructose and that can be used in the food industry and in industrial fermentations as a subtrate. Fifteen yeast growing on inulin as the sole carbon and energi source. An inulinase activity in the liquid culture was measured with sugar reduction. The best optimization conditinos at concentration of 0.75% inulin and 12 hour incubation time. On condition that the optimization of inulin activity produced 0.8772 IU by isolate P 12. These yeast have potential uses in the preparation of ingredient food prebiotic.

Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Inlet dan Outlet Danau Rawa Pening Hariyati, Riche -; Wiryani, Erry -; Astuti, Yunita Kus
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11, No. 2, Tahun 2009
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Rawa Pening is a natural lake that has 17 inlet (rivers thats lead water into lake) and one outlet Tuntang RiverInlet and outlet of Rawa Pening Lake have differences in physico-chemistry factor and covering of plant water.Plankton is one of organism that influenced by this condition.The aim of this research is to establish structure community of plankton in inlet and outlet Rawa PeningLake. Sample was taken from 7 inlet (the downstream of Segalok, Torong, Panjang, Galeh, Rengas, Kedungringisand intercourse of Parat, Legi and Muncul downstream). Sample of outlet taken from upstream of Rawa PeningLake, around of port and before bridge. Sample then analyzed by diversity index, similarity index, equaliy index,and total individu per liter. Seventy seven plankton were found in inlet and outlet Rawa Pening Lake. Sixty fivespecies are phytoplankton and contains of 22 species Chlorophyceae, 38 species Bacillaryophyceae, 2 speciesCyanophyceae, 2 species Euglenophyceae and one species of Chrysophyceae. 12 species are zooplankton andcontains of 10 species Rotifera also one species Sarcomastigophora and one species of Copepoda. Based on diversityindex, equality index, and total individu the community structure of plankton in inlet is relatively stabil than in outletRawa Pening Lake.The similarity index showed that the level of species similarity is low. This is indicated thatstructure community of plankton in inlet and outlet is different.

Kemampuan Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano dalam Menurunkan Kadar Logam Berat Tembaga (Cu) pada Limbah Tekstil Fitriyanto, Eko Bambang; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Hariyati, Riche
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Textile industries produce waste as one of the industrial product processing. One of pollutants in liquid waste is heavy metal ion. The heavy metals which were found in textile waste is Copper. Copper is one of the metals which are needed in trace element and essentially for the organism. But if its amounts were high, the function will change as a toxin in the body. Physical and chemical remediation method need expensive price but it is not effective. Another alternative method that can be used is bioremediation with micro algae, called phycoremediation. One of micro algae that was used for phycoremediation agent is Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano is easy to be cultured. The objective of this research is to study the growth of the population and the percentageof Cu reduction after inoculation using C. calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano.Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano was cultivated in textile waste in seven days wereobserved the population and the percentage of Cu reduction. The environment factors such as salinity, pH, light intensity should be kept for their stability. During seven days,C. calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano able decreased 20% of Cu concentration ( from 0.595 mg/l to 0.478 mg/l ) in seven days and the number of cells 2,8 Ã— 106 cell/ml.Â Keywords: Chaetoceros calcitrans, heavy metal, phycoremediation, copper

Perkecambahan Biji Dan Pertumbuhan Kecambah Varietas Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Pada Cekaman Krom Heksavalen Kasmiyati, Sri; S, Santosa; Priyambada, Irfan Dwidja; Dewi, Kumala; Sandradewi, Rintawati
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 17, No.1, Tahun 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

In contrast to other toxic trace metals, Cr has received little attention. Since valence level of chromium determines its toxicity, chromium is categorized as unique heavy metal. Chromium hexavalent (Cr6+) has the biggest toxicity among other valence levels. Seed germination and seedling growth are sensitive to heavy metal stresses. This research aimed to find out the responses of seed germination and seedling growth of 12 sorghum varieties toward Cr6+. Seed germination and seedling growth experiment was done on 12 sorghum varieties (Badik, UPCA-1, Keris, Keris M3, hegari Genjah, Gambela, Selayer, Sangkur, Mandau, Batari, Kawali, dan Numbu), planted in petridishes with Cr6+ treatment in form of chromate (K2CrO4) and dichromate (K2Cr2O7) compounds with 0, 50 and 500 mg of Cr/l concentration for a week. The parameters measured were the number of seeds germinate each day; the length of radicle and plumule, and fresh and dry weight at the end of experiment. The results showed that higher concentration of Cr6+ both in form of dichromate and chromate, significantly decreasedÂ the length of radicle and plumule, fresh and dry weight, and SVI (seedling vigor index) value. However, index germination (GI) value and percentage of germination of the 12 varieties sorgum significantly increased in the treatment of 50 mg Cr/l Cr6+ in form of dichromate and chromate. The treatment of dichromate compound showed bigger effect than chromate toward variables of seed germination and seedling growth of sorghum. It was noticed that 12 sorghum varieties possessed an integrated complex of adaptation to cope with the range of form of compound and concentration of Cr6+. Based on the responses of seed germination and seedling growth, Kawali, Hegari, Keris, Keris M3, Mandau, and Selayer varieties was more susceptible toward Cr6+ toxicity, and Sangkur, Selayer, Batari, and Numbu was more tolerant than other varieties. Keywords : chromate, dichromate, Sorghum bicolor, seedling, hexavalent chromium

Pengaruh Penyiraman Air Cucian Beras Fermentasi Satu Hari Dan Fermentasi Lima Belas Hari Terhadap Kadar Pigmen Fotosintetik Dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.) Fadilah, Aprilia Nurul; Darmanti, Sri; Haryanti, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 1, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Mustard plants are a type of vegetable favored by most people. Demand formustard plants continues to increase along with the increasing population and awareness of nutritional needs, but there are obstacles in increasing the production. This is due to the lack of nutrients needed by the mustard plant for its growth. One effort to increase the production of mustard plants is by adding nutrients through fertilization. Fertilizers are divided into two types, namely organic and inorganic fertilizers. However, long-term use of inorganic fertilizers can reduce soil quality and environmental health. One alternative to overcome these problems is to use liquid organic fertilizer in the form of fermented rice washing water. This study aims to determine the effect of 1-day fermented rice washing water and 15-days fermented rice washing water at different concentrations on photosynthetic pigment content and vegetative growth of green mustard plants and find out the best dose of rice washing water for the growth of green mustard plants. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of 1 factor with 5 treatments. Each treatment with 4 replications with ordinary water as a control, 1-day fermented rice washing water with the concentration of 50% and 100%, and 15-days of fermented rice washing water with the concentration of 50%, and 100%. The results showed that the watering on 1-day fermented rice washing water with the concentration of 50% and 100% and 15-days of fermented rice washing water with a concentration of 50% had no effect on all parameters but the watering of 15-days fermented rice washing water with a concentration of 100% had an effect on increasing the plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, plant fresh weight, and plant dry weight. The growth of mustard green plants (Brassica juncea L) is best obtained in the treatment of 15-days fermented rice washing water with a concentration of 100%.

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