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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

bioma
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

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Articles 318 Documents

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Kajian Daya Dukung Ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Blanakan, Subang, Jawa Barat Muhammad, Fuad; Basuni, Sambas; Munandar, Aris; Purnomo, Herry
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14, No. 2, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Growth in tourist arrivals at ecotourism mangrove in Blanakan can cause a threat to the preservation of conservation areas and tourist attraction. This happens when the utilization of the region exceeds its carrying capacity. The aims of This studyÂ to identify the carrying capacity of ecotourism mangrove in Blanakan as conservation areas are used for tourism activities. The results showed that the carrying capacity the ecotourism mangrove in Blanakan is 425 visitors per day. Pollution load simulation results showed that ecotourism mangrove BlanakanÂ had suffered pollution by phosphate, ammonia pollution carrying capacity will be passedÂ in 2019 and organic waste in the year 2011 to 2013, while nitrate and garbage until the year 2032 has not been exceeded. Â Key words: ecotourism, mangrove, carrying capacity

Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Kupu-kupu di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah Sari, Dian Ratna; Hadi, Mochamad; Rahadian, Rully
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Butterflies are insects that have very important role in the ecosystem, they are as a pollinator of plants. Butterfly also can be used as a bio-indicator of environmental quality. This study aims to determine the species abundance and diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park. This research was conducted in September and November 2016 in four habitat types, i.e., mixed forests, pine forests, mountain forests and streams. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis used abundance index and diversity index. There are 454 individuals wich includes 61 species and 6 families. There are 11 dominant species of butterflies in Merbabu Mountain National Park, but only Ypthima pandocus that dominates in all the habitat that studied. Mycalesis moorei and Mycalesis sudra are dominant in all forest habitats and its not dominant in the habitat of the streams. Papilio peranthus and Parantica albata are dominant and only in mountain forest habitat. Diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park can be categorized as moderate with the diversity index from 2,11 â€“ 3,37.Â Key word: Butterflies, diversity, abundance, Merbabu Mountain National Park

Optimalisasi Pembukaan Porus Stomata Daun Kedelai (Glycine max (L) merril) Pada Pagi Hari dan Sore Haryanti, Sri -; Meirina, Tetrinica -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11, No. 1, Tahun 2009
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Kedelai merupakan tanaman palawija sumber protein nabati. Tanaman ini lebih kaya kadar proteinnya jikadibandingkan dengan sumber protein nabati lainnya. Peningkatan produksi kedelai memerlukan pemupukan yangmaksimal yaitu melalui daun. Stomata merupakan salah satu alat transpirasi melalui daun, sehingga perlu dilakukanpengukuran panjang dan lebarnya untuk mengetahui pembukaan stomata maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui perbedaan ukuran panjang dan lebar porus stomata daun kedelai pada pagi, siang dan sore hari.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancanag acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan penyiraman tanaman kedelai pagi,siang dan sore hari. Tiap perlakuan diberi perulangan 3 kali. Setelah tanaman umur 30 hari dilakukan pembuatanpreparat dengan metode replika/cetakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penyiraman dengan waktuyang berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang porus stomata, tetapi berpengaruh terhadap lebar porusstomata. Pembukaan porus stomata maksimal terjadi pada pagi hari (jam 9.00)

Identifikasi Jenis Pigmen Dan Uji Potensi Antioksidan Ekstrak Pigmen Bakteri Serratia marcescens Hasil Isolasi Dari Sedimen Sumber Air Panas Gedong Songo Naufal, Adhitya; Kusdiyantini, Endang; Raharjo, Budi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 2, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Pigments can be produced by plants, animals, and microbes, including the bacteria Serratia marcescens. Pigments are believed to be used as antibacterial, anticancer, antibiotic and antioxidant. The quality of the pigment is greatly determined by its type. The aim of this study was to identify the type of pigment produced by S. marcescens resulting from the sediment of Gedong Songo hot spring, and testing its antioxidant activity. S. marcescens was grown on Nutrient Broth (NB) medium for 96 hours at room temperature and sampled once every 6 hours for growth measurement and pigment measurement. Cell dry weight was used to measure the growth of S. marcescens, while the measurement of pigment production was done using spectrophotometer with 535 nm wavelength for red pigment and identification of pigment with Thin Layer Chromatography and UV-Vis and testing of antioxidant activity using carotene bleaching method. The results showed the measurement of pigment production has optimal point at 48 hours at 1,319 mg/L. Identification of pigment type S. marcescens using TLC obtained value of Â 0,8 with spectrophotometer wavelength at 536 nm. The value of antioxidant activity Pigment S. marcescens obtained at 13%.Â Keywords: Serratia marcescens, prodigiosin, KLT, antioxidant

Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanah Pasir untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai dengan Inokulasi Mikorhiza dan Rhizobium Saptiningsih, Endang -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 09, No. 2, Tahun 2007
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Mycorhiza and Rhizobium were potensial soil nutrient-enriched organisms. This research was purposed tostudy effect of Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium inoculation in increasing the productivity of sand soil for the growth ofsoybean crops. This research arranged with four treatments: without inoculation(Po), with rhizobium inoculation(Pr), with micorrhiza inoculation (Pm), with micorrhiza-rhizobium inoculation (Pmr). The data that was analysed byANAVA and DMRT at 5% level test. The result of study showed that the productivity of the sand soil could beincreased with mikorhiza and rhizobium inoculation indicated by increasing of soybean growth.

Pengaruh Pemberian Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) dan Olive Oil terhadap Mikroanatomi Ren Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Nurasri, Riani; Wachidah Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf; Djaelani, M Anwar
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and olive oil have been widely applied in the field of health. Saturated fatty acid content of VCO dominates the total fatty acid content of about 85%. Olive oil contains a lot of oleic acid, which is one type of unsaturated fatty acid (mono-unsaturated fatty acid). This study aimed to analyze the kidney microanatomy rat (Rattus norvegicus) after supplementation with VCO and olive oil in the feed. This study used 25 rats were divided into five treatment groups, P1 was the control group, P2 was a group with VCO 5 mL / kg feed, P3 was a group with VCO 10 mL / kg of feed, P4 was a group with olive oil 5 mL / kg feed and was a group with olive oil 10 mL / kg of feed. The results of ren weight and diameter rat glomerular analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Research design used was completely randomized design with five treatments and five replication. Results of studies on weight ren showed no significant difference between treatments P2, P3, P4 and P5 to the control (P1). The results of the glomerular diameterÂ shows there is significantly difference between the diameter of the glomerulous treatment P2 and P3 with control (P1), while in treatment P4 and P5 are not significantly different from the control so that it can be concluded that the administration of the VCO and olive oil at various concentrations do not give rise to different responses to weight ren. Olive oil does not increases glomerular diameter white mice, while VCO at a dose of 5 mL / kg feed and 10 mL / kg of feed can increased glomerular diameter mice.Â Keywords: ren weight, glomerular diameter, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), olive oil.

Aplikasi Pakan Kaya Karotenoid Hasil Fusi ProtoplasmIntergenera Dunaliella salina dan Chlorella vulgaris pada Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon F.) Stadia PL-20 Di Desa Asempapan, Pati, Jawa Tengah Rahmawati, Novia; Zainuri, Muhammad; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Dunaliella salina and Chlorella vulgaris is a natural feed microalgae with high carotenoid content that can be increased using protoplast fusion technique. Protoplast fusion as one of the application fields of genetic engineering is a method for obtaining recombinant with the desired properties and profitable in a short time. This study aimed to see the effect of the addition of carotenoid-rich feed results from protoplast fusion recombinant D. salina and C. vulgaris on the survival rate and weight of shrimp post larvae. Mixed fusion results feed and artificial feed needed for the growth of post-larval shrimp, moulting and skin pigmentation. The results showed that the recombinant from protoplast fusion intergenera D. salina and C. vulgaris contains carotenoid pigments higher, reaching 124.6 mg / g bks from the second parent, namely D. salina reached 101.83 mg / g bks, while C. vulgaris 97.18 ug / g bks. Feed manufacturing is done by mixing pellets and 80-100x103 cells per 0.0225 g of feed. Application of feed carried on Penaeus monodon F. (tiger prawn) stadia PL-20 for a month. The results of weight measurements showed the highest prawn post larvae reached at artificial feeding plus recombinant protoplast fusion results intergenera D. salina and C. vulgaris and was able to raise the level of post-larval shrimp survival rate reached 88%. Â Keywords: D. salina, C. vulgaris, Protoplast Fusion, Carotenoid, Penaeus monodon F.

Spirulina platensis Geitler sebagai Fikoremediator Logam Berat Pb Skala Laboratorium Prambodo, Muhammad Sindhunata; Hariyati, Riche; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Industrial waste contributes the heavy metals pollution in the environment, especially in the water. One of the heavy metals that pollute the environment is lead (Pb). Lead is a substance that is harmful to organisms, especially humans, both adults and children. Solutions to tackle Pb pollution isby remediation process. Physical and chemical remediation methods usually costly and ineffective. One of the alternative methods which is used is the bioremediation uses microalgae or called as phycoremediation. One of microalgae which is used as agents ofÂ phycoremediation is Spirulina platensis Geitler because itâ€™s easily cultured and itâ€™s abundant in nature. This study aims to assess the population growth and the percentage reduction of Pb after inoculated with the use of Spirulina platensis Geitler. The method which is to cultivate S. platensis Geitler in brackish watermedia with a salinity of 15 ppt which have been added Pb with a concentration of 1 mg, 3 mg, and 5 mg for 8 days and observed the population and the percentage reduction of Pb heavy metals. Environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, pH, light intensity are conditioned to remain stable. After 8 days of research, study was able to reduce Pb. Each treatment has different concentrations decrease. Treatment Pb 1 mg of 0.949 into 0.603 mg / L; Pb 3 mg of 2.894 to 2.46 mg / L; and Pb 5 mg of 4.88 to 4.31 mg / L, with each percentage decline of 36%, 15% and 12%. The Pb 3 mg treatment has higher cell population (129.367 cell / ml) than control (106.600 cell/ml) while 1 mg and 5 mg treatment has 93.700 cell / ml and 93.500 cell / ml.Â Keywords: Spirulina platensis, phycoremediation, waste, lead.

Makrobenthos Sebagai Indikator Tingkat Kesuburan Tambak Di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah Muhammad, Fuad; Izzati, Munifatul; Mukid, Moch. Abdul
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Makrobenthos that live in the mangrove forest can be used to predict the role or contribution of mangrove ecosystems as a source of natural food for the environment. The aims of research to determine the structure, composition, abundance, diversity makrobenthos of the mangrove ecosystem. The study was conducted by comparing the community structure makrobenthos in pond ecosystem with mangrove vegetation constituent . The location of this study include three areas , Mangunharjo (Semarang), Surodadi (Demak) andÂ Pasarbangi (Rembang). The result can shows makrobentos species composition is dominated by gastropods ( 18 species) , Bivalvia ( 13 species ) , Polychaeta ( 3 types ) , and crustaceans ( 2 types ) . Cerithium and Littorina scabra is a type that has a high density of the mangrove ecosystem . There are differences in the abundance and diversity of plankton and makrobenthos at three study sites. In general Pasarbangi Coast has the highest abundance and diversity . Macrozoobenthos community structure in mangrove ecosystems that exist in the three study sites in a stable state , species diversity and distribution of the number of individuals of each type of uniform . Pasarbangi area with mangrove vegetation polyculture farms , have high primary productivity . This shows the level of primer productivity at the site is also high .Â Keywords: community structure, macrobenthos, pond ecosystem

Kompetisi Gulma dan Tanaman Wortel pada Perlakukan Pupuk Organik dan Effective MicroorganismsÂ® Utami, Sri -; Rahadian, Rully -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12, No. 2, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

A weed is a plant that is considered to be nuisance and unwanted plant in human-controlled settings,especially farm field and garden. The weed that grow in surrounding of crop could decrease yield due to competitionoccur between weed and crop on nutrition, sunlight and water. Organic farming system which has been developednowadays is an environmental friendly organic farming system. The objective of this research is to determine weedcompetition on carrot using several kinds of organic fertilizer. Six treatments were used in this research, i.e., greenmanure, combination of green manure and EM, EM alone and control (without manure and EM). The weed wasgrowth together with carrot for 3 months. The parameters are wet weight and dry weight of carrot per meter square.The results show that manuring could increase weed competition which in turn wet weight and dry weight of carrotare decreasing. The highest competition between carrot and weed occurred in the treatment of combination betweenorganic manure which combines with EM. The added EM on organic manure could increase weed competition oncarrot.

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