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INDONESIA
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25982370     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education
BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 318 Documents
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Screening of Novel Cry Genes Active Against Nematodes from Bacillus thuringiensis Thai Isolates Meirizka, RE; Budiharjo, A; Pujiyanto, S
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.155-160

Abstract

Cry proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis have been successfully used as biopesticides and transgenic crops throughout the world. However, resources against the most serious agricultural pathogens, plant root-knot nematodes, are limited. Nematicidal Cry proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used for effiecient pest control. Cry 5, Cry 6, Cry 21, and Cry 55 were known to have nematicidal activity. In the present study, 80 Bt isolates from diverse locations in Thailand have been investigated for their nemeticidal cry gene content. Bt isolates were screened through Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), ligated into the cloning vector PJET 1.2/blunt, transformed into Escherichia coli DH5ɑ, and diagnostic restriction enzyme digest for the presence of nematode-active cry genes. Of 80 Bt Thai isolates, 24 isolates (30%) have 54-kDa protein which is similar with the molecular weight of Cry 6 protein and 5 isolates (6%) have ±45 kDa protein which is similar with the molecular weight of Cry 55protein. Only one Bt isolate (Bt 32) was suspected to be positive for the presence of cry 6 gene.
Jenis Phytotelmata Sebagai Tempat Perindukan Alami Nyamuk Aedes sp. Berdasarkan Jumlah Telur yang Mendiaminya di Area Kampus Universitas Lampung Ramadhanti, Saskya Adrila; Rosa, Emantis; Rustiati, Elly Lestari
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.115-120

Abstract

Phytotelmata is the part of a plant that can collect water and can be used as a natural breeding site for insects including mosquitoes. This research was conducted in August-December 2019 in the University of Lampung to find out the species of phytotelmata that have the potential to be Aedes sp. breeding site based on the number of eggs that inhabit it, as one of the efforts to controlling Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever vector. The study used experimental methods with complete random design. Analysis data was done using ANOVA and continued with the BNT test with 95% (α=5%) confidence. This research show that it found six species of Phytotelmata in the University of Lampung, such as Cocos nucifera, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Bambusa sp., Bauhinia purpurea, Colocasia esculenta, and Musa paradisiaca. The most potential species of phytotelmata became the natural breeding site for Aedes sp. mosquito is a Cocos nucifera with an average of 16,33 eggs.
Penilaian Kamuflase Cecak Rumah Hemidactylus frenatus Duméril & Bibron, 1836 Fathoni, R.M. Farchan; Susilohadi, S
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.150-154

Abstract

Hemidactylus frenatus has 2 color morph, those  are dark morph and light morph. This gecko also has the ability to change it’s body color  from one morph to another. This ability is usually associated with thermoregulation effort or camouflage for defense. This research attempts to assess the camouflage of the house gecko on various habitat type (building and garden) that exist on UGM campus. By employing CBIR method, it is found that this gecko has high similarity with it’s surrounding, either on the light background (building) or dark background (garden). This is shown by the Euclidean distance value at 0.36 on the gecko that lives on the buildings, and 0.13 on the gecko that lives on the garden. According to the observation and literature study, it is found that the rapid color change ability on this gecko is not related to thermoregulation but more likely associated with camouflage. The type of camouflage strategy employed by Hemidactylus frenatus is background matching
Analisis Vegetasi Di Sekitar Area Bunker Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi Alima, Nadia; Nugroho, Edo Cahyo; Rizki, Elsa Wahyu; Intan, Afifah; Ifani, Elisa Feby
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.110=114

Abstract

Diversity studies and important value indices have been carried out on forest vegetation in the Mount Merapi National Park area using the Quadrat Sampling Technique method. The specified plot size is 6x6m2. There are 2 plots used. Forest diversity in the Mount Merapi National Park is determined using the Shannon diversity index formula. The results show that the species diversity index of moss-lichen habitus and stand habitus is 0, which means that these two habitus have no diversity. Both of these habitus have only one species that grows in the study area, while the species diversity index in shrub habitats was 0.426673041. Habitus which has the highest species diversity index is herbal habitus which is 0.734014356. In this study found as many as 12 species consisting of one species of moss-lichen habitus, 7 species of herbaceous habitus, 3 species of bush, and one stand habitus species. The highest important index value for moss - lichen habitus is Diphasiastrum sp. (300%), Viburnum sp. for herbal habitus (100.96%), Carex sp. for shrub habitus (132.63%), and Acacia sp. for stand habitus (300%).
Pengaruh Lokasi Tumbuh Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid, Fenolik, Klorofil, Karotenoid Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Tumbuhan Pecut Kuda (Stachytarpheta Jamaicensis) Utomo, Daniel Setyo; Elok Kristiani, Elizabeth Betty; Mahardika, Anggara
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.143-149

Abstract

Indonesia is a tropical country with high biodiversity of flora and fauna. Jamaica vervain (Stachytarpheta Jamaicensis) is abundance in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of the habitats to the product of secondary metabolit. Samples were collected from different locations in Central Java: Kopeng (K) (1350 mdpl) and Plamongan Indah, Semarang City (S) (4 mdpl). Fresh leaves are macerated at the room temperature for 48 hours in ethanol solvent. The level of compound were determined by spectrophotometry, while antioxidant activity were analyzed with DPPH method. Data were analyzed using SPSS with the T-test. Levels of flavonoids, phenolic, chlorophyll, and carotenoids (respectively) in the S sample are: 37.11; 8.74; 122.49 and 9.76 mg/L, while the K sample: 20.44; 3.81; 103.74 and 10.23 mg/L. The IC50 value of S sample is 1.17 mg/ml and 2.17 mg/ml in K sample. The results of measurements of environmental conditions in S and soil pH values are 7.0 and 6.8; light intensity of 6300 and 6150 lx, temperatures in the range of 27-38oC and 13-24oC. The growing location affect the levels of flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidant activity in S. jamaicensis but do not affect levels of chlorophyll and carotenoids.
Viabilitas Biofungisida Produk Lokal dan Aplikasinya untuk Penundaan Gejala Penyakit Hawar Daun Tanaman Kentang Naufal, Mochammad Fa’iq Qoys; Purwantisari, Susiana
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.188-195

Abstract

Late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans, is probably the single most important disease of potatoes worldwide. Infected plants were quickly killed and were difficult for replanting, causing significant losses for the growers. Various control methods were examined including the use of biocontrol agents of Trichoderma agent.  The research objective was to determine the ability of biofungicide product from Temanggung local farmer group to delay late blight disease incidence on potato plants in the field. The in vivo experiment was carried out at potato land area located at Kaponan  Sub District, Pakis District and Magelang Regency. Complete Randomized Design  with six treatments and twenty replication was applied and each of which was placed in a different plot. On the first plot treatment was given chemical fertilizer application (P0);The second plot treatment  (P2) was given with leaking and spraying application of biofungicide ( H-7, H+8, and H+15); The third plot treatment (P3) was given with spraying application of biofungicide   (H+8, H+15, and H+21); The fourth plot treatment (P4) was given with spraying application of biofungicide   (H+8, H+15, H+21 and H+28), and the last tretment (P5) was given with no application of chemical fungiside and pesticide. Result of the research showed that application of biofungicide could delay late blight disease incubation period until 14 days compared the control treatment (P0). The percentage of viability of the active biofungicide after being stored for 4 months still shows a high value of 87.13%, so that this local product biofungicide still meets the feasibility standard for its application in the field.
Sistematika Kongkang Jeram Huia masonii (Boulenger, 1884) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Haekal, Muhammad; Hamidy, Amir; Yudha, Donan Satria; Eprilurahman, Rury
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 22, No 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.22.2.161-169

Abstract

Huia masonii (Boulenger, 1884) or Javan Torrent Frog is one of the frogs that are endemic on the island of Java. The presumption of two different forms of Huia's morphology according to Manthey and Dezer’s publication makes a systematic study of these species among their populations necessary. In this study, a systematic study of H.masonii was conducted between populations with a morphological approach to determine differences in character between populations, taxonomic status and phylogeny between populations. A total of 111 adult specimens (62 males and 49 females) from each population with good condition were observed morphologically. Data analysis was performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and UPGMA Clustering. The results of this study indicate that there are no fundamental differences in the characteristics of each population so that there are no characters that can be used as diagnostic characters. The absence of this diagnostic character also makes the taxonomic status of H. masonii morphologically unchanged. Besides relationship between populations is still close to one another morphologically
Penurunan Kepadatan Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) di Danau Rawapening dengan Memanfaatkannya sebagai Bahan Dasar Kompos Prasetyo, Syarif; Anggoro, Sutrisno; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 23, No 1, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.23.1.57-62

Abstract

High sedimentation and the entry of organik and inorganik pollutants, especially P and N, have led to the eutrophication of Rawapening Lake waters. These conditions triggered an uncontrolled booming of water hyacinth aquatic weed (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms). The presence of water hyacinth triggers a significant loss of water compared to local weeds through evapotranspiration. The invasion of water hyacinth causes various problems, including depletion of water oxygen content which has an impact on decreasing fish production, damaging natural beauty, and also affecting public health. Many efforts to control water hyacinth in Rawapening Lake have been carried out both physically and by utilizing biological agents. One of the efforts to control the density of water hyacinth in Rawapening Lake is to use it as compost raw material. Water hyacinth contains various elements that are useful for making quality compost, including calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), potassium (K), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and others. Water hyacinth root contains sulfates and phosphates, the leaves contain carotin and the flowers contain delphinidin-3-diglucosida. The various nutrients contained in water hyacinth make quality compost capable of meeting the nutritional needs of cultivated plants. This article aims to review the use of water hyacinth as a basic material for making compost which is useful for fertilizing agricultural cultivation activities
Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan di Taman Cerdas Kota Samarinda Azizah, Nur; Utami, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 23, No 1, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.23.1.18-24

Abstract

Urban areas that have a high population density and availability of motorized vehicles required Green Open Space. Green Open Space is an open area in nature that contains vegetation which are necessary to support the ecological system and improve the environmental quality in urban areas. The purpose of this research is to identify the species and abundance of plant in Taman Cerdas Kota Samarinda. The applied method was cruise method by exploring the trails in Taman Cerdas. Every plant that are encountered are noted for the name of species and counted the number from each species. The results showed 21 species of plants consisting of 5 species of trees, 9 species of shrubs and 7 species of herbs included in 19 families with a total number of 3,704 individuals. Plants that are dominant is an ornamentals plants for aesthetic function and serve for natural therapy (healing service). The results of environmental factor measurements are Taman Cerdas located in elevation of 5 mdpl, coordinate S 0° 28' 32", E 117° 09' 01", air temperature: 30° C and humidity: 73%.
Potensi dan Keragaman Tumbuhan Bawah Non-Kayu Di Lahan Bera Kampung Womnowi Distrik Sidey Manokwari Papua Barat Susanto, Slamet Arif; Budirianto, Heru Joko; Maturbongs, Agatha Cecilia; Abdi Putra, Simeon
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 23, No 1, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.23.1.63-70

Abstract

During successionally process the non-woody plant understory cover related to dominance of tree vegetation around successional land. Fallow land are models of secondary successional are present the land of New Guinea (Papua). The study was conducted at fallow land 15 years old Womnowi, Sidey Manokwari West Papua to determine the important value index (IVI), diversity, evenness, and describe potential species composition of vegetation non-woody plant understory cover. We used continouse line sampling method when field inventory and make purposive sampling 2x2 m each a plot 20x20 m. We had found 749 individual part of 41 species, highest IVI are Sellaginella wyldenowii (25.04%), Selaginella sp (23.44%)., and Spathoglottis plicata (14.60%), diversity index Shannon-Weiner (Hʹ) is 3.13, and evenness (E) is 0.84. We also had found orchids and some unique Arecaceae and some species can used by local wisdom like Diplazium esculentum and Pothos spp. Based the floristic composition of analysis vegetation we temporary conclude non-woody plant understory cover are shade plant.

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