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Journal of Maternal and Child Health

thejmch
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Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret

ISSN : - EISSN : 25490257 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH) is an electronic, open-access, double-blind and peer-reviewed international journal, focusing on maternal and child health. The journal began its publication on July 11, 2015, and is published four times yearly. JMCH aims to improve the policy, program, service, and practice, as they impact infant, children, mother, women, adolescent, and family health.

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Articles 549 Documents

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Increased Plasma Caspase-3 in Children with Down Syndrome is Associated with an Increasing Risk of Pulmonary Hypertension Prasanti, Damayanti Ika; Widjaja, Sri Lilijanti; Rokhayati, Evi
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the one of the comorbidities in children with Down syndrome. The pathogenesis of this pulmonary hypertension remains to be investigated, although endothelial dysfunction and apoptotic activity are among the proposed mechanisms. Caspase-3 is a key regulator of apoptosis and appears to be an attractive predictor of pulmonary hypertension in children with Down syndrome. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional observational clinical study was performed in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta-Indonesia between January and March 2021 involving clinically diagnosed children with Down syndrome. Sampling method was using a consecutive sampling. The independent variable was plasma caspase-3 level and the dependent variable were the presence of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart defects (CHD). Clinical data documentation, blood collection and echocardiography were performed on enrollment day. We first determined the plasma level of caspase-3 in 36 children with Down syndrome and CHD (n=18) or without CHD (n=18) and further determined the risk of having pulmonary hypertension using the plasma caspase-3 level. We also determined the biomarker performance of caspase-3 using a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis Results: Children with Down syndrome with PH had a higher plasma caspase-3 compared to those without PH (p<0.001). In those with both CHD and PH, the plasma caspase-3 level was also high although not statistically significant (p=0.145). The highest plasma caspase-3 level was observed in subjects with PH without CHD (p<0.01). Relative risk and ROC analysis demonstrated that increased plasma caspase-3 level increased the risk to have PH 5 times (RR=5.00, 95% CI 1.74 to 14.34; p<0.001) and predicted the incidence of PH in children with Down syndrome (AUC 0.88, CI 0.76 to 0.99). Conclusion: An elevation in plasma caspase-3 level of Down syndrome children is associated with the increasing risk of having PH regardless the presence of CHD. Keywords: pulmonary hypertension; down syndrome; caspase-3; pathogenesis; apoptosis. Correspondence: Damayanti Ika Prasanti. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret / Dr. Moewardi General Hospital. Jl. Kolonel Sutarto 132, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. Email: damayanti_ip@yahoo.com. Mobile: 081215683462.

Meta-Analysis The Effect of Maternal Obesity on the Risk of Premature Birth and Neonatal Death Wulandari, Fitria; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 6 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: The prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age worldwide is increasing by an estimated 20-36%. Increased prevalence of obesity also occurs in pregnant women. Obesity increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcome. This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal obesity on preterm birth and neonatal mortality. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles used were obtained from several databases, including: Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer Link, Proquest, and Scopus published from 2010 to 2021. The population in this study was pregnant women with an intervention in the form of obesity, comparison in the form of normal BMI, and outcome such as premature birth and neonatal death. The keywords used to search for articles were: (“maternal obesity” OR “maternal BMI”) AND (“premature birth” OR “preterm birth” OR “preterm delivery” OR “preterm labor”) AND (“neonatal mortality” OR “ neonatal death”) AND “adjusted Odds Ratio”, and “maternal obesity” AND (“premature birth” OR “preterm birth” OR “preterm delivery”) AND (“neonatal mortality” OR “neonatal death”) AND “adjusted Odds Ratio ". The article is a full text article with a cross-sectional and cohort study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 . application. Results: There were 19 articles reviewed in the study. A meta-analysis of 13 cohort studies showed that obese pregnant women were 1.02 times more likely to have a premature birth when compared to normal BMI pregnant women, but this result was not statistically significant (aOR=1.02; 95% CI=0.93 to 1.13; p=0.630). A meta-analysis of 4 cohort studies showed that maternal obesity increased the risk of neonatal death and was statistically significant (aOR=1.52; 95% CI=1.17 to 1.99; p=0.002). A meta-analysis of 4 cross-sectional studies showed that maternal obesity increased the risk of neonatal death and was statistically significant (aOR=1.44; 95% CI=1.26 to 1.64; p<0.001). Conclusion: Maternal obesity increases the risk of neonatal death which is statistically significant and the risk of preterm birth which is not statistically significant.

A Comparative Study of the Incidence of Hypoglycaemia and Hypocalcaemia in Neonatal Seizures Occurring within 72 Hours of Birth Admitted in NICU at a Tertiary Care Centre Ur Rahman, Zia; S, Abdul Khaleef; S, Md Sajid Basha; D, Murali Krishnaiah
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Recognition of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia in Neonatal seizures is important for to prompt diagnosis and therapeutic implications. Study aimed to analyse the incidence of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia in neonatal seizures occurring within 72 hours of birth in 32-37 weeks preterm and term (37-42 weeks) babies. Subjects and Method: A prospective hospital based observational study enrolled total of 105 neonates presenting with seizures activity within 72 hours of birth admitted to NICU of SV Medical College, Tirupati from September 2013 to October 2014. Samples selected by Simple random sampling method. Detailed antenatal, natal and postnatal history including CNS examination were taken and investigations estimated includes complete blood counts and picture, random blood sugar, and serum ionic calcium. The analysis data was chi square test with SPSS for Windows (Ver 20), SPSS Inc. New York. Results: The results was In neonatal seizures occurring within 72 hours of birth, hypoglycaemia (62.9%) was common, more so in preterm babies both hypoglycaemia 9 (37.5%) and combination of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia 9 (37.5%). The association between type of delivery and hypoglycaemia/ hypocalcaemia shown significant different (p=0.002). The association between Birth Weight and hypoglycaemia/ hypocalcaemia shown a very high significant different (p< 0.001). Conclusion: In neonatal seizures occurring within 72 hours of birth, hypoglycaemia (62.9%) was common, more so in preterm babies both hypoglycaemia 09 (37.5%) and combination of hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia 09 (37.5%).

Stunting Determinant Analysis in the East Mainland Province of East Nusa Tenggara for the Period of 2017-2021 Picauly, Intje; P Manongga, Stefanus; Adar, Damianus; CH Liufeto, Franchy
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 7 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: The Mainland of Timor, East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) has a diverse regional topography with a high prevalence of stunting (>20%). The local government has taken preventive measures. However, the results show a very small reduction in the prevalence of stunting (±2-3%/year). This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in the Eastern Mainland Region, NTT Subjects and Method: This data was a cross-sectional study conducted in NTT, from in June to August 2022. A sample of 28 informants who were selected with the following considerations: officials from the Health Office, PUPR Service, Agriculture Service, and Regency/ City BPS data managers for the Eastern mainland region of NTT. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were Availability of Public Health Workers, Infectious infectious diseases, Open defecation behavior, Family income level, Availability of clean water and proper sanitation, Exclusive breastfeeding, Posyandu visits, Program for giving iron tablets to young women, and Administration of Vitamin A. The data were analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results: Factors that influence the incidence of stunting were sanitation factors (b= -2.22; 95% CI= -3.52 to -0.91; p= 0.012), factor of pneumonia infection (b= 0.07; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.13; p= 0.038), open defecation behavior factor (b= 2.60; 95% CI= 0.99 to 4.21; p= 0.014), and family income level factor (p= -1.21; 95% CI= -1.80 to -5.70; p= 0.009). Conclusion: The incidence of stunting in the East Mainland Region, NTT is influenced by factors: sanitation, pneumonia infection, open defecation behavior; and family income level. Keywords: stunting incidence, eastern mainland, sanitation factors, infectious diseases, pneumonia, open defecation. Correspondence:Intje Picauly, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia, Jl. Adi Sucipto Penfui, Penfui, Maulafa, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Mobile: +62822-3714-5517. Email: intjepicauly@staf.undana.ac.id.

Overweight and Obesity as Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: Meta-Analysis Fadhila, Shofia Nur; Murti, Bhisma; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 6 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: A woman has an increased risk of breast cancer due to increased exposure to the hormone estrogen during her life due to early menarche, late menopause, and/or the absence of childbearing. Epidemiological data show that menopausal status has a risk factor for breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate overweight and obesity as risk factors for premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer. Subjects and Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted by systematically reviewing articles published from 2010-2021 in the PubMed, Google Scholar, SpringerLink and Science Direct databases with the keywords overweight AND obesity AND "breast cancer" OR "breast carcinoma" AND "premenopausal women", overweight AND obesity AND "breast cancer" OR "breast carcinoma" AND "postmenopausal women". Inclusion criteria included articles in English, full text, using an observational study design, and displaying adjusted odds ratios. Articles were reviewed using PRISMA diagrams and analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: A meta-analysis of 10 articles concluded that overweight women were 1.35 times more likely to develop premenopausal breast cancer than women with a normal BMI (aOR= 1.35; 95% CI= 0.98 to 1.86; p= 0.070). A meta-analysis of 10 articles concluded that obese women were 1.27 times more likely to develop premenopausal breast cancer than women with normal BMI (aOR= 1.27; 95% CI= 0.95 to 1.69; p= 0.110). A meta-analysis of 9 articles concluded that overweight women had a 1.28 times risk of developing postmenopausal breast cancer compared with women with a normal BMI (aOR= 1.28; 95% CI= 1.00 to 1.63; p= 0.050). A meta-analysis of 11 articles concluded that obese women were 1.52 times more likely to develop postmenopausal breast cancer than women with normal BMI (aOR= 1.52; 95% CI= 1.17 to 1.98; p= 0.002). Conclusion: Overweight and obesity increase the risk of pre-menopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer.

Burnout among Indian Maternity Care Providers during COVID-19 Pandemic Paul, Sayanti; Joycerani, D; Upadhyaya, Mansi; Sanyal, Poushali; Pal, Arghya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Occupational burnout among healthcare providers has been a matter of focus since many years. Burnout can involve emotional and physical exhaustion and cause reduced acknow-led

Teenage Pregnancy in Malang: The Analysis on Stunting Incidence in Toddler Aged 24-59 Months Setyarini, Didien Ika; Triningsih, Reny Wahyu; Aryani, Hening Ryan
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 7 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem characterized by short stature. Stunting toddlers are generally susceptible to disease, have a below normal level of intelligence and low productivity. The high prevalence of stunting in the long term will have an impact on economic losses for Indonesia, which one of the causes of it is early pregnancy. The aim of this study was to described teenage pregnancy with the incidence of stunting in 24-59 months toddlers. Subjects and Method: This research was a cross-sectional study. Sampling was carried out by a two-stage cluster sampling method using purposive sampling. 96 stunted toddlers were obtained. The dependent variable was mother's age at first pregnancy. The independent variable was stunting incidence. Data was collected using questionnaire data, body length, and weight measurements. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis using SPSS Statististic 20. Results: 51.6% stunted toddlers were born by <20 years old mother at the time of first pregnancy. Almost all stunted toddlers were in the moderate stunting category (92.5%). 65.6% stunted toddlers didn’t get exclusive breastfeeding. 5.4% of 7.5% severe stunted toddlers were born by < 20 years old- mother at the time of first pregnancy. Conclusion: Pregnancy in teenager, when the mother herself is still growing, increases the risk of stunting. Stunting can also occur due to the lack of breastfeeding. It is necessary to make efforts to mature early marriage because it has an impact on unfavorable outcomes. Keywords: 24-59 months, pregnancy, stunting, teenage, and toddlers. Correspondence:Didien Ika Setyarini. Department of Midwifery, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang. Jl. Besar Ijen No. 77C Malang 65119, East Java, Indonesia. Email:didien_ika@poltekkes-malang.ac.id. Mobile:08164- 296003

Difference Of Fetal Weight Between Conventional vs Electric Smoke Exposure in Mice (Mus Musculus) Kusumastuti, Nurry Ayuningtyas; Haeriyah, Siti; Susilowati, Yuni
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 6 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: The increase in tobacco excise rates (CHT) or cigarette excise in early 2020 is a reason for smokers to switch to using e-cigarettes. WHO reports that about 64.9% of adult men in Indonesia are smokers, while in women it is 2.1%. This shows that Indonesia is ranked first in the world. Exposure to e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes will affect pregnancy and the fetus it contains. However, in reality, most people have the perception that e-cigarettes are safer than conventional cigarettes because their nicotine content is much lower than conventional cigarettes. The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in exposure to e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes on fetal weight in mice (mus musculus).Subjects and Method: This study used a true experimental design which was divided into two groups, namely 16 female mice as a group given exposure to e-cigarettes and 16 female mice as a group being exposed to conventional cigarettes. The dependent variable is the weight of the fetus. The independent variables were exposure to e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes. The instrument in this study used a digital gold scale with an accuracy of 0.01 gram. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test.Results: On average, exposure to e-cigarettes had a greater fetal weight (Mean= 1.61; SD= 0.64) than exposure to conventional cigarettes (Mean= 1.48; SD= 1.19), and this result was statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion: There are differences in exposure to e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes on fetal weight in mice (Mus musculus).

The Effectiveness of Fish Oil and Ginger Drink in Reducing Dysmenorrhea: A Meta Analysis Novitasari, Isnaini; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Dysmenorrhea causes 34-50% of women to be unable to work in the workplace and 40% of adolescent girls are absent from school. Fish oil and ginger are used as alternatives to NSAIDs, because although the use of NSAIDs is effective in reducing dysmenorrhea pain, they have side effects that are harmful to health after long-term conventional therapy. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of fish oil and ginger in reducing dysmenorrhea in women of reproductive age. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic study. The articles used were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria used were full text articles with Randomized Control Trial (RCT). The study subjects are women of productive age. The treatment given was the consumption of fish oil or ginger with a placebo comparison, dysmenorrhea assessment using standardized measuring instruments such as VAS, Cox, questionnaires, etc. Articles published in English. The PICO Research Problem are population= women of reproductive age, intervention= fish oil or ginger, comparison= placebo, and outcome= dysmenorrhea. The study was assessed using an effect size (Standardized Mean Difference). Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 with Random Effect Model. Results: A total of 14 articles were reviewed in a meta-analysis in this study. Meta-analysis of 6 articles showed that fish oil reduced dysmenorrhea pain in women of reproductive age higher than placebo (Standardized Mean Difference= -1.06; 95% CI= -1.76 to -0.36; p= 0.003). Meta-analysis of 8 articles showed that ginger reduced dysmenorrhea pain in women of childbearing age more than placebo (Standardized Mean Difference= -0.77; 95% CI= -1.26 to -0.27; p=0.002). Conclusion: Fish oil and ginger are effective in reducing dysmenorrhea pain in women of reproductive age.

Maternal Age Correlates with Stunting in Children: Systematics Review Astuti, Fardhiasih Dwi; Azka, Arlina; Rokhmayanti, Rokhmayanti
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Teenage mother should be ready for the consequences to come. It is important to get prepared both mentally and economically. A teenage mother and her offspring are at risk of malnutrition and stunting. This study aims to analyze the correlation between maternal age and the incidence of stunting based on published articles. Subjects and Method: A systematic review was conducted to find the correlation between maternal age and the incidence of stunting. The research was conducted by seeking into the database by using PubMed, Ebsco, Google Scholar, and SpringerLink. The keywords used were "risk factor" OR “determinant” AND “stunting” AND "young maternal age" OR "adolescent mother*" OR "teen mother*" OR "adolescent pregnancy" OR "teen pregnancy" AND "logistic regression" OR “multivariate”. The obtained articles underwent screening and conformity assessment. Articles that met the criteria were subsequently extracted. Results: 1,048 articles were discovered from PubMed, Ebsco, Google Scholar and SpringerLink databases and 9 of them were included in the review. The articles were from Turkey, Tanzania, Pakistan, Ghana, Uganda, Burundi, 2 articles were from Ethiopia, and 1 article covered Brazil, Guatemala, India, Philippines, and South Africa. The prevalence of stunting in each region from the obtained articles showed a variation from 13.8% - 79.5%. It discovered the correlation between maternal age during pregnancy and incidence of stunting that pregnant women under the age of 20 were at greater risk for stunting compared to women aged ≥ 20 years (OR 1.37 – 7.56). Women at a younger age were at greater risk of having stunting children. Conclusion: The correlation between maternal age during pregnancy and stunting indicates that the younger the mothers, the higher the risk for stunting. The risk for stunting will decrease with the increasing maternal age at the time of delivery. Keywords: adolescence, stunting, teenage mothers, maternal age Correspondence: Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti. Jl. Prof. DR. Soepomo Sh, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Email: Fardhiasih.dwiastuti@ikm.uad.ac.id.

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